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Sung Hyuk Song,Gi Hyeong Ryu,Jin Woo Park,Ho Jun Lee,Ki Yeun Nam,Hyojun Kim,Seung Yeon Kim,Bum Sun Kwon 대한재활의학회 2016 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.40 No.1
Objective To compare the long-term effect and safety of an epidural steroid injection in spinal stenosis patients, with or without local anesthetics.Methods Twenty-nine patients diagnosed with spinal stenosis were included and randomly divided into two groups. Translaminar epidural and selective nerve root spinal injection procedures were performed using steroids mixed with local anesthetics or normal saline. The effects of spinal injection procedures were measured with visual analogue scale (VAS) and functional rate index (FRI). These measurements were performed before injection, at 1 month after injection and at 3 months after injection. The occurrence of side effects was investigated each time.Results The VAS and FRI scores were significantly reduced in both the local anesthetics group and normal saline group at 1 and 3 months after the injection. However, there was no significant difference in VAS and FRI score reduction between the two groups each time. Side effects are not noted in both groups.Conclusion The spinal injection procedures using steroids mixed either with local anesthetics or normal saline have an effect in reducing pain and improving functional activities. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in relation to side effects and the long-term effects of pain and function.
Song, Seung-Hun,Sung, Suye,Her, Young Sun,Oh, Mihee,Shin, Dong Hyuk,Lee, Jinil,Baek, Jeongwon,Lee, Woo Sik,Kim, Dong Suk The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2019 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.46 No.4
Objective: We investigated the clinical characteristics of men with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT)-induced hypogonadism and its effect on assisted reproductive technology (ART) in infertile couples. Methods: This study examined the records of 20 consecutive male patients diagnosed with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia (< 5 × 10<sup>6</sup>/mL) who visited a single infertility center from January 2008 to July 2018. All patients were treated at a primary clinic for erectile dysfunction or androgen deficiency symptoms combined with low serum testosterone. All men received a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor and TRT with testosterone undecanoate (Nebido<sup>®</sup>) or testosterone enanthate (Jenasteron<sup>®</sup>). Patients older than 50 years or with a chronic medical disease such as diabetes were excluded. Results: The mean age of patients was 37 years and the mean duration of infertility was 16.3 ± 11.6 months. At the initial presentation, eight patients had azoospermia, nine had cryptozoospermia, and three had severe oligozoospermia. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were below 1.0 mIU/mL in most patients. Three ongoing ART programs with female factor infertility were cancelled due to male spermatogenic dysfunction; two of these men had normal semen parameters in the previous cycle. After withholding TRT, serum hormone levels and sperm concentrations returned to normal range after a median duration of 8 months. Conclusion: TRT with high-dose testosterone can cause spermatogenic dysfunction due to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, with adverse effects on infertility treatment programs. TRT is therefore contraindicated for infertile couples attempting to conceive, and the patient's desire for fertility must be considered before initiation of TRT in a hypogonadal man.
Song, Pil Sang,Ryu, Dong Ryeol,Kim, Min Jeong,Jeon, Ki-Hyun,Choi, Rak Kyeong,Park, Jin Sik,Song, Young Bin,Hahn, Joo-Yong,Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol,Ahn, Youngkeun,Jeong, Myung Ho,Choi, Seung-Hyuk The Korean Society of Cardiology 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.6
<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>A risk prediction is needed even in the contemporary era of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We sought to develop a risk scoring specific for patients with AMI being treated with guideline-adherent optimal therapies, including percutaneous coronary intervention and all 5 medications (aspirin, thienopyridine, β-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker, and statin).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>From registries, 12,174 AMI patients were evaluated. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause death or AMI. The Korea Working Group in Myocardial Infarction (KorMI) system was compared with the Assessment of Pexelizumab in Acute Myocardial Infarction (APEX AMI), Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC), and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events scores (GRACE) models.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Ten predictors were identified: left ventricular dysfunction (hazard ratio [HR], 2.3), bare-metal stent (HR, 2.0), Killip class ≥II (HR, 1.9), renal insufficiency (HR, 1.8), previous stroke (HR, 1.6), regional wall-motion- score >20 on echocardiography (HR, 1.5), body mass index ≤24 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP> (HR, 1.4), age ≥70 years (HR, 1.4), prior coronary heart disease (HR, 1.4), and diabetes (HR, 1.4). Compared with the previous models, the KorMI system had good discrimination (time-dependent C statistic, 0.759) and showed reasonable goodness-of-fit by Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p=0.84). Moreover, the continuous-net reclassification improvement varied from −27.3% to −19.1%, the integrated discrimination index varied from −2.1% to −0.9%, and the median improvement in risk score was from −1.0% to −0.4%.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The KorMI system would be a useful tool for predicting outcomes in survivors treated with guideline-adherent optimal therapies after AMI.</P>
Original Article : High Recurrence Rate of Idiopathic Peptic Ulcers in Long-Term Follow-up
( Hyuk Yoon ),( Sang Gyun Kim ),( Hyun Chae Jung ),( In Sung Song ) 대한간학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.2
Background/Aims: Our aim was to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of idiopathic peptic ulcer disease (IPUD) with those of Helicobacter pylori-positive and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Methods: Patients with endoscopically diagnosed PUD were retrospectively reviewed. According to their H. pylori-infection status and history of NSAIDs use, patients were categorized into three groups: H. pylori-positive PUD, NSAID-induced PUD, and IPUD. Clinical outcomes were analyzed, and the recurrence rate of PUD was compared among the three groups. Results: A total of 238 patients were enrolled. Those with IPUD, NSAID-induced PUD, and H. pylori-positive PUD comprised of 56, 60, and 122 patients, respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidences of recurrent ulcers were 24.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.6% to 37.0%) in IPUD, 10.9% (95% CI, 2.6% to 19.2%) in NSAID-induced PUD, and 3.8% (95% CI, 0.1% to 7.5%) in H. pylori-positive PUD (IPUD vs NSAID-induced PUD/H. pylori-positive PUD, p=0.43/p<0.001 by log-rank test). In the Cox-proportional hazards model, only IPUD remained as an independent risk factor associated with recurrent ulcers (hazard ratio, 5.97; 95% CI, 1.94 to 18.34; p=0.002). Conclusions: IPUD exhibited a higher recurrence rate than H. pylori-positive and NSAID-induced PUD in long-term follow-up and was an independent risk factor for ulcer recurrence. (Gut Liver 2013;7:175-181)
Sung-Kyu Kwon,Hyuk-Min Kwon,Ho-Young Kwak,Jae-Hyung Jang,Jong-Kwan Shin,Seon-Man Hwang,Seung-Yong Sung,Ga-Won Lee,Song-Jae Lee,In-Shik Han,Yi-Sun Chung,Jung-Hwan Lee,Hi-Deok Lee 대한전자공학회 2013 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.13 No.6
In this paper, the 1/f noise characteristics of n-channel MOSFET (NMOSFET) and p-channel MOSFET (PMOSFET) are analyzed in depth as a function of body bias. The normalized drain current noise, SID/ID <SUP>2</SUP> showed strong dependence on the body bias in the sub-threshold region for both NMOSFET and PMOSFET, and NMOSFET showed stronger dependence than PMOSFET on the body bias. On the contrary, both of NMOSFET and PMOSFET do not exhibit the dependence of SID/ID <SUP>2</SUP> on body bias in strong inversion region, although the noise mechanisms of two MOSFETs are different from each other.
( Sung Joon Park ),( Yoon Soo Jang ),( Tae Hyuk Koh ),( Young A Kwon ),( Sang Wroul Song ) 대한안과학회 2011 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.25 No.6
This research focuses on four cases of patients having undergone eximer laser photorefractive surgery who were diagnosed with adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis during the postoperative period and who later developed epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)-like keratitis. Two of the patients had undergone laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK), one had undergone laser in situ keratomileusis and one had photorefractive keratectomy. After the surgery adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent late-developing EKC-like keratitis were observed in the patients. Recurrent late-developing EKC-like keratitis occurred in one of the patients, who had received LASEK as many as three times. The others had only one or two episodes.The corneal infiltrates of keratitis mainly occurred in the central cornea. Successful resolution of recurrent late-developing EKC-like keratitis was achieved through the use of topical steroids without sequelae and the final best-corrected visual acuity was as good as the base line. These keratitis infiltrates have been presumed to represent an immune response to the suspected adenoviral antigens deposited in corneal stroma during the primary adenoviral infection. Previous reports argued that patients with a history of adenoviral ketatoconjunctivitis were succeptible to adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis becoming reactivated; however, in our research, our patients had their first adenoviral infections after the eximer laser photorefractive surgery and reactivation was confirmed. We recommend that attention be paid to adenoviral infection after laser refractive operations, because these patients seem to have more frequent recurrences.
Effect of Duck-meat Intake on Adult Disease Risk Factors in Adult Human Males
Sung Ho Kang,Oun Hyun Kim,Chang Jin Lee,Ho Sung Jung,Young Tae Lim,Hyuk Song,Si Heung Sung 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.6
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of duck-meat consumption on adult disease risk factors, including body compositions, hematological variables, and serum metabolic and lipid profiles in adult human males. To obtain results, 20 adult males aged 20 to 25 were subjected to a diet of 600 g/day of duck-meat for 4 wk, after which body composition, hematological variables, and serum metabolic and lipid profiles were investigated to determine if there was a relationship between duck-meat consumption and adult disease risk factors. The results revealed that high amounts of duck-meat intake did not negatively alter body indices such as body weight, fat mass, body mass index (BMI), % body fat or waste-to-hip ratio (WHR). Furthermore, there were statistically insignificant changes in the number of blood cells, although this number did increase significantly following intake of duck-meat. Moreover, general decreases in serum metabolic parameters were observed, but none of these changes were significant with the exception of the concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The serum concentrations of LDL-cholesterol also showed a statistically significant decrease by 5.86%. Therefore, this study suggests that the ingestion of duck-meat not only significantly increased the RBC count but also decreased BUN and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in adult males.
Package-level integrated antennas based on LTCC technology
Sang-Hyuk Wi,Yong-Bin Sun,In-Sang Song,Sung-Hoon Choa,Koh, I.-S.,Yong-Shik Lee,Jong-Gwan Yook IEEE 2006 IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation Vol.54 No.8
<P>We propose a novel package topology integrating multilayer miniaturized antennas. Such a functional package is suitable for the design of a system-on-chip device, or of system-on-package applications. A stacked patch antenna is designed and integrated in a package using a low temperature co-fired ceramic process. The overall size of the package is 10.3times10.3times1.3 mm<SUP>3</SUP>, and this package contains an 8.3times8.3times0.7 mm<SUP>3</SUP> internal space for the integration of chip-scale packaged components. The package is mounted on a 20times20 mm<SUP>2</SUP> ground plane to miniaturize the volume of the system. The antenna is designed to have two neighboring resonant frequencies at 5.264 and 5.355 GHz, resulting in a 140 MHz impedance bandwidth. However, the measured resonant frequencies occur at slightly higher frequencies due to manufacturing tolerances. Radiation patterns are similar to a conventional patch antenna. In addition, various parasitic effects rooted in the package size, ground size, antenna height, SMA connector, via misalignment, and the number of via holes and their locations are fully investigated</P>