일본어교육으로서 연극도입에 대하여 -대학생의 의식 조사를 중심으로-

( Saito,Akemi ) 한국일어교육학회 2012 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.22

本稿は、韓國の大學における日本語會話の授業に演劇を導入する場合の意義、演劇指導の手順について述 べたあと、演劇に對する大學生の感想文をあげ、最後に大學生を大象としたアンケ一ト調査の結果について 言及したものである。演劇導入の意義としては、現實ではないが、文脈のある場面で日本語會話學ぶこと ができること、グル一プ活動をすることにより仲間意識が芽生え、學習意欲が高まること等をあげた。また、 演劇の手順としては、「事前指導→グル一プ作成→台本作成→台本の讀み合わせ→動作を伴う演劇の練習→發 表」の順に說明した。續いて、感想文とアンケ一ト調査の結果を報告したが、調査の結果、學生たちは演劇は 面白いと思い、發表した後滿足感を感じていることがわかった。そして、このような機會があれば、また參加 したいと思っている學生が多いことも明らかになった。また、グル一プのメンバ一は皆一生懸命やったと感 じ、メンバ一に感謝していると答えた學生も多かった。しかし、放課後に台本の讀み合わせや動作を伴った 練習、演劇の背景や音響の準備等をしたので、グル一プのメンバ一と時間の調整をするのが難しかったと答 えた學生も少なくなかった。これは今後改善しなければならない点でもある。また、日本語學習に關しては、 平素敎室では學習できない日本語の單語や表現を學ぶことができ、日本語の實力が伸びたと感じている學生 が多いということが明らかになった。

Perioperative Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Strength after Scoliosis Correction in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Wataru Saito1,Kosuke Mizuno,Gen Inoue,Takayuki Imura1,Toshiyuki Nakazawa,Masayuki Miyagi,Eiki Shirasawa,Kentaro Uchida,Masashi Takaso 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.5

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Purpose: To investigate the effect of spinal correction on respiratory muscle strength in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Overview of Literature: Several studies have reported that scoliosis correction in patients with DMD does not improve pulmonary function. In these studies, pulmonary function was evaluated using the traditional spirometric values of percent vital capacity (%VC) and percent forced vital capacity (%FVC). However, traditional spirometry may not be suitable for patients with DMD because the results can be influenced by patient fatigue or level of understanding. Therefore, we evaluated respiratory function focusing on respiratory muscle strength using maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP), in addition to %VC and %FVC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 16 patients with DMD who underwent spinal correction surgery between 2006 and 2011 at Kitasato University Hospital. All patients were males, and the mean age was 13.5 years. Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated using MIP, MEP, and SNIP. Measurements were obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 6 months postoperatively, and %VC and %FVC were obtained preoperatively and within 6 months postoperatively. Results: The mean preoperative and postoperative %VC values were 54.0% and 51.7%, whereas the mean %FVC values were 53.9% and 53.2%, respectively. The mean MIP, MEP, and SNIP values obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 6 months postoperatively were as follows: MIP, 40.5, 42.7 and 47.2 cm H2O; MEP, 26.0, 28.0, and 29.0 cm H2O; and SNIP, 33.4, 33.0, and 33.0 cm H2O; respectively. The mean MIP and MEP values significantly improved postoperatively. There were no significant differences in SNIP, %VC, or %FVC preand postoperatively. Conclusions: By focusing on respiratory muscle strength, our results suggest that scoliosis correction in patients with DMD might have a favorable effect on respiratory function.

The Consonant System of West Middle Mongol

( Saito Yoshio ) 한국알타이학회 2011 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.21

A quadrilingual manuscript of the Muqaddimat al-Adab created in Central Asia in the fifteenth century AD contains many West Middle Mongolian words in Arabic transcription. Taking consonantal differences and implicational universals into consideration, the author posited in Saito (2009) eight phonemic vowels /i, e, a, o, u, u, o, i/ for the Mongolian language recorded in the Muqaddimat al-Adab. In the present paper, he investigates the consonant system of the same language and sets up the following seventeen consonant phonemes through analysis of the use of Arabic characters in the document: /t, k, b, d, g, c, j, s, s, h, r, l, m, n, ŋ, w, y/.

オンライン授業による日本語作文にみられる誤用例研究 ― 韓国の大学生を中心にして ―

齊藤良子 ( Saito¸ Ryoko ),齊藤明美 ( Saito¸ Akemi ) 한국일어교육학회 2023 일본어교육연구 Vol.- No.64

Many South Korean universities have conducted online classes since 2020 to prevent COVID-19. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Japanese composition classes in South Korean universities were mainly held face-to-face, and with the teacher’s supervision, students used textbooks and dictionaries during class to look up words and check grammar. Students may complete the assigned compositions outside of class, but they mainly used these tools in writing. However, in the case of online classes compositions are all written outside of class, and with no teacher present to monitor the writing, some students may write using dictionaries and textbooks as usual, some may use translation apps, and some may ask for advice in writing. Students will have many opportunities to use translation apps even after graduation. Considering these possibilities, it would be meaningful to study misuse found in Japanese compositions that South Korean university students write in online classes. This study presents misuse examples found in the submitted compositions assigned in online classes, and discusses the reasons that led to misuse. Results show that misuse was found in nouns, adjectives, adverbs, particles, honorifics and expressions for acceptance. It is difficult to determine a single reason for misuse, but various factors such as mother-tongue interference, lack of study and use of translation apps can be considered.

日韓機械翻訳使用に関する認識と日本語の誤用例研究 ― オンライン授業を受講した韓国の大学生を中心にして ―

齊藤良子 ( Saito Ryoko ),齊藤明美 ( Saito Akemi ) 한국일어교육학회 2024 일본어교육연구 Vol.- No.66

Many South Korean universities have adopted online classes to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Recently misusage examples seen in Japanese composition assignments submitted in these classes differ from those in conventional face-to-face classes before the COVID-19 pandemic. One factor that led to this change is the influence of machine translation, which includes translation apps, translation sites and translation softwares that students use when writing. In case of online classes, students can write Japanese compositions outside of the classroom, asking for help from Japanese speaking acquaintances and using machine translation, while students would use dictionaries and textbooks in face-to-face classes. This study surveys the actual status of the usage of translation apps among online-class students when writing Japanese compositions, as well as examines how students recognize translation apps and how they use them. Composition assignments written in both Korean and Japanese with the same content were used to compare and analyze word misusage seen in the Japanese compositions and mistranslation by translation apps. This study looked for relevant factors between the use of translation apps and the actual misusage in the writing. Results of this survey shows that the majority of students used tools such as translation apps, but the condition of recognition and usage was relevant to the students’ major subject and their individual study history. With machine translation becoming increasingly common, studies such as this are necessary to achieve coexistence of language education including Japanese and machine translation.

Short-Term Results of Hybrid Closed-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Case Series with a Minimum 3-Year Follow-up

Hidetomo Saito,Kimio Saito,Yoichi Shimada,Toshiaki Yamamura,Shin Yamada,Takahiro Sato,Koji Nozaka,Hiroaki Kijima,Naohisa Miyakoshi 대한슬관절학회 2018 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Purpose: High tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO) is a well­established surgical procedure for patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The hybrid closed­wedge HTO (CWHTO) procedure permits extensive correction in patients with severe deformities or patellofemoral joint OA. The aim of this study was to report the short­term results in a consecutive series of patients treated with hybrid CWHTO.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes and radiographic parameters in 29 consecutive knees that underwent hybrid CWTHO to correct medial compartment OA at an average follow­up of 52.6 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Lysholm score and knee scoring system of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA). The Kellgren­Lawrence grading system and pre­ and postoperative mechanical axis (MA), femorotibial angle (FTA), posterior tibial slope, and patella height were assessed.Results: The FTA and MA significantly changed from 180.7° to 170.4° and from 22.0° to 60.2°, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the mean pre­ and postoperative posterior tibial slope, Insall­Salvati ratio, or Caton­Deschamps index. The postoperative JOA and Lysholm scores significantly improved from 76.7 to 95.8 and from 58.8 to 90.2, respectively. Conclusions: Satisfactory outcomes can be achieved with hybrid CWHTO in patients with medial OA.

Protonation-Triggered Conformational Changes to Möbius Aromatic [32]Heptaphyrins(1.1.1.1.1.1.1)

Saito, Shohei,Shin, Jae-Yoon,Lim, Jong Min,Kim, Kil Suk,Kim, Dongho,Osuka, Atsuhiro WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Angewandte Chemie Vol.47 No.50

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Switching Aromaticity: Conformations of [32]heptaphyrins(1.1.1.1.1.1.1) are dependent upon meso-aryl substituents, solvents, temperature, and protonation. Particularly, protonation of meso-pentafluorophenyl-substituted [32]heptaphyrin triggers conformational changes to form twisted aromatic Möbius structures (see picture), even at room temperature. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2008-47-50-ANIE200804457-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2008-47-50-ANIE200804457-content'> </P>

Dynamic Structure of Bacteriorhodopsin Revealed by $^{13}C$ Solid-state NMR

Saito, Hazime,Yamaguchi, Satoru,Tuzi, Satoru Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

We demonstrate here a dynamic structure of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) as revealed by $^{13}$ C NMR studies on [3_$^{13}$ C]_,[1-$^{13}$ C]Ala- and/or Val-labeled wild type and a variety of site-directed mutants at ambient temperature. For this purpose, well-resolved (up to twelve) I$^{13}$ C NMR peaks were assigned with reference to the displacement of peaks due to the conformation-dependent I$^{13}$ C chemical shifts and reduced peak-intensities due to site-directed mutations. Revealed bR structure was not rigid as anticipated from 2D crystals of hexagonal array but a dynamically heterogeneous, undergoing a variety of local fluctuations depending upon specific site with frequency range of 10$^2$ -10$^{8}$ Hz. In particular, dynamics- dependent suppression of peaks turned out to be very sensitive to the motion of 10$^{-4}$ s and 10$^{-5}$ s interfered with frequency of magic angle spinning and proton decoupling, respectively. It is also noteworthy that such dynamic feature is strongly dependent upon the manner of 2D crystalline packing: $^{13}$ C NMR peaks of monomeric bR yielded either highly broadened or completely suppressed signals, depending upon the type of $^{13}$ C-labeled amino-acid residues.

Investigation of axial-injection end-burning hybrid rocket motor regression

Saito, Yuji,Yokoi, Toshiki,Neumann, Lukas,Yasukochi, Hiroyuki,Soeda, Kentaro,Totani, Tsuyoshi,Wakita, Masashi,Nagata, Harunori Techno-Press 2017 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.4 No.3

The axial-injection end-burning hybrid rocket proposed twenty years ago by the authors recently recaptured the attention of researchers for its virtues such as no ${\zeta}$ (oxidizer to fuel mass ratio) shift during firing and good throttling characteristics. This paper is the first report verifying these virtues using a laboratory scale motor. There are several requirements for realizing this type of hybrid rocket: 1) high fuel filling rate for obtaining an optimal ${\zeta}$; 2) small port intervals for increasing port merging rate; 3) ports arrayed across the entire fuel section. Because these requirements could not be satisfied by common manufacturing methods, no previous researchers have conducted experiments with this kind of hybrid rocket. Recent advances in high accuracy 3D printing now allow for fuel to be produced that meets these three requirements. The fuel grains used in this study were produced by a high precision light polymerized 3D printer. Each grain consisted of an array of 0.3 mm diameter ports for a fuel filling rate of 98% .The authors conducted several firing tests with various oxidizer mass flow rates and chamber pressures, and analysed the results, including ${\zeta}$ history, using a new reconstruction technique. The results show that ${\zeta}$ remains almost constant throughout tests of varying oxidizer mass flow rates, and that regression rate in the axial direction is a nearly linear function of chamber pressure with a pressure exponent of 0.996.

Species coexistence under resource competition with intraspecific and interspecific direct competition in a chemostat

Saito, Yasuhisa,Miki, Takeshi Elsevier 2010 Theoretical population biology Vol.78 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Competition theory has developed separately for direct competition and for exploitative competition. However, the combined effects of the two types of competition on species coexistence remain unclear. To examine how intraspecific and interspecific direct competition contributes to the coexistence of species competing for a single resource, we constructed a chemostat-type resource competition model. With general functions for intraspecific and interspecific direct competition, we derived necessary and sufficient conditions (except for a critical case that rarely occurs in a biological sense) that determine the number of stably coexisting species. From these conditions, we found that the number of coexisting species is determined just by the invasibility of each species into subcommunities with a smaller number of species. In addition, using a combination of rigorous mathematical theory and a simple graphical method, we can demonstrate how the stronger intraspecific direct competition facilitates species invasion, leading to a larger number of coexisting species.</P>