High-rate in-plane micro-supercapacitors scribed onto photo paper using <i>in situ</i> femtolaser-reduced graphene oxide/Au nanoparticle microelectrodes

Li, R.-Z.,Peng, Rui,Kihm, K. D.,Bai, S.,Bridges, D.,Tumuluri, U.,Wu, Z.,Zhang, T.,Compagnini, G.,Feng, Z.,Hu, A. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.9 No.4

<P>Direct laser-reduction of graphene oxide (GO), as a lithography-free approach, has been proven effective in manufacturing in-plane micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with fast ion diffusion. However, the power density and the charge/discharge rate are still limited by the relatively low conductivity of electrodes. Here, we report a facile approach by exploiting femtolaser <I>in situ</I> reduction of the hydrated GO and chloroauric acid (HAuCl<SUB>4</SUB>) nanocomposite simultaneously, which incorporates both the patterning of rGO electrodes and the fabrication of Au current collectors in a single step. These flexible MSCs boast achievements of one-hundred fold increase in electrode conductivities of up to 1.1 × 10<SUP>6</SUP> S m<SUP>−1</SUP>, which provide superior rate capability (50% for the charging rate increase from 0.1 V s<SUP>−1</SUP> to 100 V s<SUP>−1</SUP>), sufficiently high frequency responses (362 Hz, 2.76 ms time constant), and large specific capacitances of 0.77 mF cm<SUP>−2</SUP> (17.2 F cm<SUP>−3</SUP> for volumetric capacitance) at 1 V s<SUP>−1</SUP>, and 0.46 mF cm<SUP>−2</SUP> (10.2 F cm<SUP>−3</SUP>) at 100 V s<SUP>−1</SUP>. The use of photo paper substrates enables the flexibility of this fabrication protocol. Moreover, proof-of-concept 3D MSCs are demonstrated with enhanced areal capacitance (up to 3.84 mF cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 1 V s<SUP>−1</SUP>) while keeping high rate capabilities. This prototype of all solid-state MSCs demonstrates the broad range of potentials of thin-film based energy storage device applications for flexible, portable, and wearable electronic devices that require a fast charge/discharge rate and high power density.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Direct laser-reduction of graphene oxide (GO), as a lithography-free approach, has been proven effective in manufacturing in-plane micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with fast ion diffusion. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5ee03637b'> </P>

재래 흑돼지와 중국 재래돈간의 Melanocortin Receptor 1(MC1R) 유전자의 유전자형 분석

이성수,양보석,정진관,고서봉,오성종,양영훈,김규일,이찬동,풍서당 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.1

PCR-RFLP analysis of Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) gene was carried out to investigate the genotype distribution in Korean-Native and Chinese-Native pig breeds(Neijiang, Putian, Wannanhua and Jinhua). Allelic variants of MC1R in pigs were analyzed by digestion of BspH I , AccII and Hha I . Ncijiang. Wannanhua and Jinhua had only MC1R*2 allele which is considered to be typical genotype for Meishan and Large Black. Among 20 Korean-Native Pigs and 5 Putian pigs, 10 and 2 heads had the MC1R*3 allele (*2/3 or 3/3), respectively, which was detected in European pig breeds such as Hampshire, Large White, and Pietrain. The remaining animals possessed the genotype MC1R*2/2, probably reflecting the genetic introgression of MC1R*3 allele into Korean-Native and Putian pig breeds by the crossbreeding for improvement. The alleles MC1R*l and MC1R*4, which are considered to be typical allele for European Wild Boar with wild-type coat color and Duroc with red coat color, respectively, were not detected in pig breeds used in this experiment. These results indicate that the analysis of genotype frequencies of MC1R gene may be a useful tool for the conservation of Korean-Native and Chinese-Native pig breeds.

R&D Status of High-current Accelerators at IFP

J. J. Deng,J. S. Shi,W. P. Xie,L. W. Zhang,K. Z. Zhang,S. P. Feng,J. Li,M. Wang,Y. He,L. S. Xia,Z. Y. Dai,H. T. Li,L. Wen,S. F. Chen,X. Li,Q. G. Lai,M. H. Xia,Y. C. Guan,S. Y. Song,L. Chen 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.61

High-current accelerators have many important applications in Z-pinches, high-power microwaves, and free electron lasers, imploding liners and radiography and so on. Research activities on Zpinches, imploding liners, radiography at the Institute of Fluid Physics (IFP) are introduced. Several main high-current accelerators developed and being developed at IFP are described, such as the Linear Induction Accelerator X-Ray Facility Upgrade (LIAXFU, 12 MeV, 2.5 kA, 90 ns), the Dragon-I linear induction accelerator (20 MeV, 2.5 kA, 60 ns), and the Primary Test Stand for Z-pinch (PTS, 10 MA, 120 ns). The design of Dragon-II linear induction accelerator (20 MeV, 2.5 kA, 3 × 60 ns) to be built will be presented briefly.

FATIGUE ASSESSMENT OF REAR AXLE UNDER SERVICE LOADING HISTORIES CONSIDERING THE STRENGTHENING AND DAMAGING EFFECTS OF LOADS BELOW FATIGUE LIMIT

L. H. ZHAO,S. L. ZHENG,J. Z. FENG,H. F. ZHOU,Y. F. XING 한국자동차공학회 2014 International journal of automotive technology Vol.15 No.5

Accurately predicting the fatigue life is the basis for the reliability and lightweight design of automobile parts. However, the predicted lives under service loadings on the basis of the S-N curve from constant amplitude loads from existingmethods often seems conservative compared with real lives, because of ignoring the strengthening effect of loads belowfatigue limit. In this paper, a fatigue damage model, which is modification of Miner's Rule, was established for the fatigueassessment under service loadings by means of taking into account the strengthening and damaging effects of loads belowfatigue limit. Then this model and conventional Miner's Rule are applied to the estimate the fatigue life of a torsion beam rearaxle using the loading history recorded on proving ground. Finally, verification tests are performed on MTS road loadsimulator test bed. Results of predicted lives and fatigue tests demonstrate that the accuracy of the predicted life could begreatly improved by taking into account the strengthening and damaging effect of loads below fatigue limit.

In situ neutron diffraction analyses of temperature and stresses during friction stir processing of Mg-3Al-1Zn magnesium alloy

Woo, W.,Feng, Z.,Clausen, B.,David, S.A. North-Holland 2017 Materials letters Vol.196 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The evolution of temperature and thermal stresses were examined during friction stir processing of a magnesium alloy using in situ neutron diffraction. Measured total lattice strains were de-convoluted into the thermal and stress components. It shows the maximum temperature of 464°C and compressive stress distributions up to −52MPa underneath the tool via the thermo-mechanical deformation in terms of the Zener-Hollomon parameter of 4.51×10<SUP>10</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In situ neutron diffraction were experimented during friction stir processing of an Mg alloy. </LI> <LI> The diffraction peaks were de-convoluted into the transient temperature and thermal stresses. </LI> <LI> Analyzed inhomogeneous distributions of temperature and stresses underneath the tool. </LI> <LI> The results are applied for the grain size estimation via the Zener-Hollomon parameter. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Spectroscopic Ellipsometric Study of Size-Controlled Silicon Nano-Crystals in SiO2 Composite Thin Film

S.-Z. Feng,L.-Y. Chen,J. Li,P.-H. Mao,R.-J. Zhang,X.-F. Li,Y.-X. Zheng 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.II

In this work, a series of SiO$_x$/SiO$_2$ superlattices were prepared, by using reactive evaporation, with different thicknesses of the SiO$_x$ layers. After being annealed at 1100 $^\circ$C, composite thin films with the nano-crystals of silicon (nc-Si) embedded in the SiO$_2$ layers were formed. The optical properties of the films were measured by using the spectroscopic ellipsometric (SE) method in the photon energy range from 1.5 to 4.5 eV at three different incidence angles of 65$^\circ$, 70$^\circ$ and 75$^\circ$. In terms of the ellipsometric data, the effective medium approximation (EMA) with the four-parameter Lorentz oscillator model was used to fit the spectra and to extract the optical dispersion of the nc-Si particles. We found that the dielectric functions of the composite films strongly depended on the volume fraction of nc-Si and the constant of the SiO$_2$ layers, which changed with the composition in the investigated spectrum range

Development of the 3.7 GHz LHCD System on HL-2A

B. Lu,M. Huang,H. Zeng,X. Y. Bai,X. H. Mao,Z. H. Lu,J. Liang,Z. H. Kang,M. W. Wang,K. Feng,H. Wang,C. Wang,J. Q. Wang,S. Wei,T. Yao,Y. N. Bu,J. Feng,G. Y. Cheng,S. D. Song,D. H. Xia,J. Rao 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.8

A 2 MW-3.7 GHz lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system is under development for physicsexperiments on the HL-2A device. The RF Power is generated by four TH2103A klystron amplifiersand propagates in the TE10 mode through WR284 waveguides. The transmission lines with a lengthof 20 m to 30 m are pressurized with 2 bars of nitrogen to decrease the possibility of arcing. Thelauncher, based on the passive-active multi-junction (PAM) concept, has been developed and iscurrently being realized. It was designed for a power spectrum peaked at Nk = 2.75 with goodcoupling properties over a wide range of plasma parameters. The four klystrons are fed by ahigh-voltage power supply (HVPS) based on the pulse step modulation (PSM) concept with a fastswitch-off time of less than ten μs. This system is expected to be in operation within 1 years and willexplore many international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) related LH experiments inthe following years.

The Effects of Stress Related Genes on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality in Pigs

H. J. Jin,B. Y. Park,J. C. Park,I. H. Hwang,S. S. Lee,S. H. Yeon,C. D. Kim,C. Y. Cho,Y. K. Kim,K. S. Min,S. T. Feng,Z. D. Li,C. K. Park,C. I. Kim 아세아·태평양축산학회 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.2

The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between stress related gene and meat quality in pigs. A total number of 212 three-way cross bred (Landrace-Yorkshire횞Duroc) and 38 Duroc were sampled from the Korean pig industry to determine genotype requency of porcine stress syndrome (PSS) and heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) genes and their relationship with carcass traits and longissimus meat quality. Screen of HSP70 was performed by the single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique. Based on the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene, genetic disorder of PSS was related to a mutation at 18,168th (C to T) of exon 17. There was no significant difference in ultimate meat pH and backfat thickness between HSP70 K1-AA type and -BB type in pure Duroc breed. In Landrace-Yorkshire횞Duroc (L-YxD) cross bred pig, our results indicated that HSP70 derivate type in Duroc had a limited effect on backfat thickness, but L-YxD type had a noticeable linkage with HSP70 K1-AA and K3-AB. This tendency was also observed in hot carcass weight where HSP70 K1-AA and K3-AB resulted in heavier weight with 86.3 kg compared to HSP70 K1-AB and K3-BB of 74.3 kg. Results imply that stress related HSP70 genotype has a potential association with backfat thickness and carcass weight.

Projected climate regime shift under future global warming from multi-model, multi-scenario CMIP5 simulations

Feng, S.,Hu, Q.,Huang, W.,Ho, C.H.,Li, R.,Tang, Z. Elsevier 2014 Global and planetary change Vol.112 No.-

This study examined shifts in climate regimes over the global land area using the Koppen-Trewartha (K-T) climate classification by analyzing observations during 1900-2010, and simulations during 1900-2100 from twenty global climate models participating in Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5). Under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario, the models projected a 3<SUP>o</SUP>-10<SUP>o</SUP>C warming in annual temperature over the global land area by the end of the twenty-first century, with strong (moderate) warming in the high (middle) latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and weaker warming in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere. The projected changes in precipitation vary considerably in space and present greater uncertainties among the models. Overall, the models are consistent in projecting increasing precipitation over the high-latitude of the Northern Hemisphere, and reduced precipitation in the Mediterranean, southwestern North America, northern and southern Africa and Australia. Based on the projected changes in temperature and precipitation, the K-T climate types would shift toward warmer and drier climate types from the current climate distribution. Regions of temperate, tropical and dry climate types are projected to expand, while regions of polar, sub-polar and subtropical climate types are projected to contract. The magnitudes of the projected changes are stronger in the RCP8.5 scenario than the low emission scenario RCP4.5. On average, the climate types in 31.4% and 46.3% of the global land area are projected to change by the end of the twenty-first century under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. Further analysis suggests that changes in precipitation played a slightly more important role in causing shifts of climate type during the twentieth century. However, the projected changes in temperature play an increasingly important role and dominate shifts in climate type when the warming becomes more pronounced in the twenty-first century.

Fabrication and Field-Emission Properties of Vertically-Aligned Tapered [110]Si Nanowire Arrays Prepared by Nanosphere Lithography and Electroless Ag-Catalyzed Etching

Z. Feng,K. Q. Lin,Y. C. Chen,S. L. Cheng 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.09

In this study, the controllable fabrication of a variety of vertically aligned, single-crystalline [110]-oriented Si nanowire arrays with sharp tips on (110)Si substrates is achieved using a combined self-assembled nanosphere lithography and multiple electroless Ag-catalyzed Si etching processes. All of the experiments were performed at room temperature. The morphological evolution and formation mechanism of long tapered [110]Si nanowire arrays during the multiple tip-sharpening cycle processes have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and water contact angle measurements. Field emission measurements demonstrate that the field-emission behaviors of all nanowire samples produced in this study agree well with the Fowler–Nordheim theory, and the produced long tapered [110]Si nanowire array possesses superior electron emission characteristics, with a very low turn-on field of 1.4 V/ m and a high field enhancement factor of 3816. The simple and room temperature fabrication of the well-ordered long tapered [110]Si nanowire array and its excellent electron field emission performance suggest that it can serve as a good candidate for applications in high-performance. Si-based vacuum electronic nanodevices.