Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by rice husk derived magnetic sorbents

Ruifeng Yang,Shangru Zhai,Yuan Fan,Zhimin Lei,Na Liu,Jialiang Lv,Bin Zhai,Lei Wang 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.4

−A novel magnetic porous sorbent obtained from agricultural waste rice husk was successfully synthesized through a simple carbon-thermal method. The sorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, N2 sorption analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The removal efficiency of the sorbent for Cr(VI) was also investigated. Chromium adsorption was fitted by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. The maximum chromium adsorption capacity, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, and average Barrett-Joyner-Halenda pore size of the magnetic sorbent were 157.7mg·g−1, 134.1m2·g−1, and 4.99 nm, respectively. The saturated magnetization of the novel adsorbent was 77.8 emu·g−1, indicating that the material can facilitate separation and recovery from aqueous systems. The removal mechanisms of Cr(VI) were also discussed. The result illustrates that rice husk-derived magnetic carbonaceous materials are a potential adsorbent for Cr(VI) pollution treatment and provide a suitable method for the effective conversion of biomass waste, which may solve the problem of waste disposal and widen the applications of the materials.

Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene over Mn-containing silylated MgAl layered double hydroxides

Lei Yang,Binbin Fan,Xingyu Cui,Xiufeng Shi,Ruifeng Li 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

A novel method for the preparation of Mn-containing silylated layered double hydroxides (LDHs) ispresented. The method involves functionalizing the calcined MgAl LDH (LDO) with dimethoxydiphenylsilane(DDS), and then treating it in the aqueous solution of KMnO4 under Ar. The prepared Mncontainingsilylated MgAl LDH catalysts have higher Mn amount and more accessible Mn sites than thecorresponding Mn-containing MgAl LDH catalysts, and exhibited much higher catalytic activity in theoxidation of ethylbenzene with O2 in the absence of organic solvents than the latter. In addition, theprepared Mn-containing silylated MgAl LDH catalyst was highly stable and reusable.

중국영화의 전통 수묵화 촬영기법 연구 - 장이머우 영화 < 삼국-무영자(Shadow) 2018 > 중심으로

장서붕 ( Zhang Ruifeng ),양윤호 ( Yang Yun-ho ) 부산대학교 영화연구소 2020 아시아영화연구 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구는 장이머우(張藝謀) 감독의 작품< 삼국-무영자(Shadow, 影), 2018 >에 나타난 중국 전통 수묵화 기법의 대표적인 촬영장면과 영상기법에 대하여 분석하고자 한다. 이 영화를 대표 사례로 선정한 이유는 중국에서 색채를 이용하는 대표적인 감독이라 알려진 장이머우 감독이 시도한 최초의 중국 전통 수묵화 스타일의 영화이기 때문이다. 이는 중국 영화 역사상으로도 주목할 만한 첫 번째 도전이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 장이머우 감독의 촬영 스타일에 관한 논문 및 인터뷰 등의 자료들을 바탕으로 중국영화의 전통 수묵화(水墨畵) 촬영기법 분석을 구체적으로 분석하기 위해 먼저 회화기법과 중국영화, 장이머우 감독 영상의 특징을 고찰하고 중국 전통 수묵화 기법의 특징을 여백(餘白)과 색채, 구도로 구분하여 고찰하고자 한다. 이러한 선행연구를 바탕으로 영화 <삼국-무영자>에서 활용된 중국 전통 수묵화 촬영기법을 분석함으로써 효과와 결론을 제시하고자 한다. 중국의 대표적인 감독인 장이머우의 중국 전통 수묵화 기법의 운용과 효과에 대한 분석은 향후 중국영화 촬영연구에 있어 새로운 계기가 될 것으로 보인다. First of all, this paper aims to confirm the utilization of Chinese traditional Ink-and-Wash painting skill through the analysis of the filming skills of director Zhang Yi-mou's film Shadow(影, 2018). Specifically, it will be the work of analyzing and interpreting the Ink-and-Wash painting skill of Shadow shooting skills through composition, color, etc. These traditional Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills are currently used in Chinese film making. While verifying how it is utilized, director Zhang Yi-mou of filming is aimed at verifying the practice of traditional Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills. Zhang Yi-mou's film features a Chinese-style not only in narrative, but also in screen composition. It is clear that Zhang Yi-mou represents a generation in the Chinese film industry, so the author hopes this article will provide a point of view that can be applied in the application of Chinese-style filming skills in Chinese film. The method and procedure of this study are as following. First and foremost, analyze the Zhang Yi-Mou's film Shadow by referring to the papers and interviews of filming style. In his film, traditional Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills are realized in any way, and the reason why chose this film because that was the Chinese commercial film which first made by Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills. Next, in the main part, director Zhang Yi-Mou, who naturally applies Ink-and-wash painting skills in the screen, examines the characteristics and meaning of the combination of Ink-and-Wash Painting skills and shooting through the composition, space, movement, color, and costume of a specific scene. Finally, the author plans to derive how to use the unique skills contained in traditional culture in the film making process.

영화에 활용되는 핸드헬드(Hand-held) 촬영기법 연구 : 전쟁영화 <허트 로커(The Hurt Locker)> 중심으로

장서붕(Zhang Ruifeng),양윤호(Yang Yunho) 한국문화융합학회 2021 문화와 융합 Vol.43 No.8

카메라의 움직임(Movement)은 영화의 미장센에서 중요한 측면이다. 카메라 움직임 중 핸드헬드(Hand–held)는비교적 특수한 촬영기법에 속한다. 이는 촬영자가 삼각대 등 안정 장치를 사용하지 않고 카메라를 손에 들고 촬영하는 방식을 가리킨다. 카메라를 삼각대 위에 올려놓는 기존 촬영 방식의 미학적 목표는 선명하고 안정적인 화면을 추구하는 것이었다. 반면 핸드헬드 촬영은 화면 안정에 대한 추구를 포기하고 특수효과나 특유의 스타일을이루고 있다. 본 논문은 전쟁영화 <허트 로커(The Hurt Locker)>를 예로 들어 핸드헬드 촬영에 대해 논하고자 한다. 기존의 전쟁영화와 달리 <허트 로커>는 다큐멘터리와 같이 핸드헬드 촬영 방식을 많이 사용했다. 카메라를 손에 들거나 어깨에 올려놓고 촬영한 화면은 흔들리는 특징으로 강렬한 시각적 리얼리티를 선사했다. 병사들의 움직임에 따라 화면이 강하게 흔들린다. 이런 핸드헬드 촬영기법은 마치 전쟁터에서 직접 촬영하고 있는 착각을 불러일으킨다. 강하게 떨리는 화면은 시청자들에게 감각적으로 강한 자극을 준다. 영화를 관람하는 것이 아니라 전쟁터에서 촬영자가 든 DV로 기록한 실제 순간을 보는 느낌이 든다. <허트 로커>는 미국 유명한 여성감독 캐슬린 비글로우(Kathryn Bigelow)의 작품이다. 개인적 스타일이 독특한그녀는 현대 영화계의 여성 감독에 대한 인식을 깨고 여성 감독을 전쟁영화와 연결하는데 성공했다. 캐슬린 비글로우는 영화사상 최초로 미국 아카데미 감독상을 받은 여성 감독이다. 그녀는 감독계에 발을 들여놓은 후 줄곧남성을 모티브로 하는 영화를 많이 찍었다. 그녀의 전쟁영화 영상은 다큐멘터리 스타일로 최대한 현실의 전쟁터를재현했는데 <허트 로커>가 바로 그런 영화이다. 본 논문은 주로 미학적인 측면에서 영화 <허트 로커>를 예로 들어 핸드헬드 촬영기법의 기본 특징과 기능 및의미를 탐구하고자 한다. 영화제작의 한 수단이 되는 핸드헬드 촬영이 어떻게 효과적이고 창조적으로 미학적 기능을 발휘하는지 심층적으로 분석하고자 한다. 또한 현재 영화 창작에 핸드헬드 촬영기법을 활용하는데 참고가 되기를 바란다. The movement of a camera is one of the important features of a film. The hand held cinematography skill is a special technique in film production. This refers to how cinematographers take scenes with cameras in their hands without using stabilizing devices such as tripods. The aesthetic goal of the existing filming method of placing the camera on the tripod was to pursue a clear and stable screen. Handheld cinematography, on the other hand, aims to abandon it and achieve certain aesthetic expressions or specific film styles more flexibly. This paper discusses hand-held cinematography with an example from the war film <The Hurt Locker>. Unlike conventional war movies, <The Hurt Locker> used a lot of hand-held filming techniques, like a documentary. Screens taken with cameras in their hands or on their shoulders provide a strong visual reality with shaky features. The screen shakes strongly as the soldiers move. These hand-held cinematography techniques create the illusion that they are filming themselves in a battlefield. The shaking screen gives viewers a strong sense of stimulation. I feel like I’m not watching a movie, but watching a real moment recorded by a photographer on DV on a battlefield. <The Hurt Locker> is a film by American female director Kathryn Bigelow. Unique in her personal style, she managed to break the perception of female directors in the modern film industry and link them to war movies. Kathryn Bigelow is the first female director to receive the Academy Award for Best Director. She’s been shooting a lot of male-oriented films ever since she started directing. Her war movie video reproduced the battlefield of reality as much as possible in the style of a documentary. This paper mainly seeks to explore the basic features, functions and meanings of handheld cinematography techniques, using the film <The Hurt Locker> as an example from an aesthetic perspective. We want to analyze in-depth how hand-held filming, a means of filmmaking, effectively and creatively functions aesthetically. Also hope it will be a reference to using hand-held filming techniques to create movies now.

Migration Characteristics and Potential Ecological Environment Evaluation of Metal Elements in Surface Soil

Fei Liu,Zhong Yang,Ruihua Yang,Ruifeng Wang,Jianhai Zhou 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.5

In view of the excessive heavy metals in soil will affect the quality of crops and the personal safety of local residents, in order to analyze and evaluate the migration characteristics and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soil in the study area, the heavy metal content, pH, regional distribution, correlation, migration characteristics, enrichment state and potential risk in 0 − 1 m soil depth were tested and analyzed. The results show that the distribution of most metal elements is closely related to pH in the soil. The contents of elements As, Cr and Hg in the soil of the study area change in an “L” shape along with the buried depth, that is, the contents of As, Cr and Hg increase generally along with the buried depth of the soil, and the contents of elements Cd and Pb decrease along with the buried depth. By analyzing the enrichment degree of heavy metals and evaluating the ecological risk degree, it can be concluded that only element Hg is moderately enriched in the soil layer of 0 − 0.4 m and Cd is the main ecological risk factor, and the potential ecological risk degree of Yuyao is between slight and moderate ecological risks.

Genetic homogeneity between populations of cotton bollworm from Xinjiang, China

Dongmei Wang,Xianming Yang,Haiqiang Li,Akedan Wuwaishi,Ruifeng Ding,Haobin Li,Hongsheng Pan,Jian Liu,Yao Xu,Yan-Hui Lu 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

We studied the population structure of cotton bollworm (CBW), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae), in Xinjiang, the largest cotton-growing region in China, using a fragment of cytochrome c oxidasesubunit I (COI) gene. Alignments of all 192 COI sequences revealed 28 haplotypes including 23 in southernXinjiang, 5 in eastern Xinjiang and 13 in northern Xinjiang. Negative and significant values of neutrality tests forthe Tajima's D and Fu's FS parameters, combined with the high values of haplotype diversity (Hd), low values ofnucleotide diversity (π) and a high number of low frequency haplotypes indicated a recent demographic expansionof Xinjiang CBW populations. Analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) indicated low and non-significantgenetic structure, regardless of geographical scale or crop, with most of genetic variation occurringwithin local CBW populations. Pairwise FST analyses also indicated low genetic differentiation. This demographicevent and high gene flow could be responsible for the low genetic structure currently found. CBW populations inXinjiang need to be considered as one panmictic unit in its management, especially for the design of refuges todelay the development of resistance by this migratory pest to transgenic Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton.