Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Cement Mortar Soil

Bo Ruan,Hui Ding,Jidong Teng,Wei Deng,Shilong Zheng,Chenxi Ruan 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.6

A series of unconfined compressive strength tests and flexural strength tests are carried out to evaluate the improved effect of polypropylene fiber on the defects of cement mortar soil. The following factors, including the fiber content, cement content, sand content and curing age, are studied to investigate the influences on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the samples. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), residual strength and flexural strength of the fiber reinforced cement mortar soil (FRCMS) substantially increase with increasing fiber content. The peak strain and ratio of the flexural-compression strength (Rfcs) of the FRCMS first increase and then decrease with an increase in fiber content,and the optimal fiber content is 3.5%. The brittleness index of the FRCMS is found to be inversely proportional to fiber content. The results suggest that the addition of an appropriate amount of fibers can substantially improve the plasticity and lateral stress capacity of the FRCMS. The strength of the FRCMS improves with the increase in cement content, sand content and curing age within a certain range. The microstructure of the FRCMS are analyzedby scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests.

A Stable 40 GHz Pulse Train Generation by Pulse Repetition-Frequency Quadruplication Using a Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer

Ruan, Wan-Yong,Park, Jae-Hyun,Seo, Dong-Sun Institute of Korean Electrical and Electronics Eng 2008 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4

We demonstrate a simple method to generate a stable 40 GHz pulse train at 1550 nm by spectral filtering of a 10 GHz mode.locked pulse source using a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI). A high finesse FFPI with a 40 GHz free spectral range blocks successfully unwanted spectral components of a 10 GHz pulse source and passes only 40 GHz spaced spectral lines ensuring pulse repetition-frequency quadruplication of the input pulses.

Lung dendritic cells induce migration of protective T cells to the gastrointestinal tract

Ruane, Darren,Brane, Lucas,Reis, Bernardo Sgarbi,Cheong, Cheolho,Poles, Jordan,Do, Yoonkyung,Zhu, Hongfa,Velinzon, Klara,Choi, Jae-Hoon,Studt, Natalie,Mayer, Lloyd,Lavelle, Ed C.,Steinman, Ralph M.,Mu The Rockefeller University Press 2013 The Journal of experimental medicine Vol.210 No.9

<P>Developing efficacious vaccines against enteric diseases is a global challenge that requires a better understanding of cellular recruitment dynamics at the mucosal surfaces. The current paradigm of T cell homing to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract involves the induction of α4β7 and CCR9 by Peyer’s patch and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) dendritic cells (DCs) in a retinoic acid–dependent manner. This paradigm, however, cannot be reconciled with reports of GI T cell responses after intranasal (i.n.) delivery of antigens that do not directly target the GI lymphoid tissue. To explore alternative pathways of cellular migration, we have investigated the ability of DCs from mucosal and nonmucosal tissues to recruit lymphocytes to the GI tract. Unexpectedly, we found that lung DCs, like CD103<SUP>+</SUP> MLN DCs, up-regulate the gut-homing integrin α4β7 in vitro and in vivo, and induce T cell migration to the GI tract in vivo. Consistent with a role for this pathway in generating mucosal immune responses, lung DC targeting by i.n. immunization induced protective immunity against enteric challenge with a highly pathogenic strain of <I>Salmonella</I>. The present report demonstrates novel functional evidence of mucosal cross talk mediated by DCs, which has the potential to inform the design of novel vaccines against mucosal pathogens.</P>

Analyses of Operational Risk Measurement Models: Comparative Analysis for Chinese Commercial Banks

( Ruan Qi ),( Kuk-hyun Choe ) 한국생산성학회 2016 生産性論集 Vol.30 No.4

China has opened its financial market in 1990s. Since then banks have faced increasingly fierce competition. Banks of China have faced complex operational risks and suffered huge losses. Many studies have tried to solve out the causes of these embedded risks. However most previous studies have examined market risks, credit risks, and the types of liquidity. Most of them have focused on the management of banking risks. By combining with the regulation status of the operational risks of China`s commercial banks, we first analyze various methods mentioned in the prior studies. Additionally, we analyzed the operational risks, per se, of commercial banks of China. We find the relatively feasible way to prevent the operational risks. By making contrasts with alternative models of operational risks, we choose the basic indicator approach and the income-based models to test operational risks of commercial banks of China. For five commercial banks of China, income-based model appears to be able to cut the costs of operational risks. In terms of controlling the costs of operational risks, it is the income-based model that seems to outperform than the alternative. Also another aspect to be considered is Chinese commercial banks` capabilities of controlling operational risks. Our regression analyses provides that income based model is at least the best alternative for measuring operational risk in state. Further, the income-based model has its significance in the aspect that the operational risks have greater impact on net income of commercial banks than those of joint-stock banks of China.

Deletion of the Lmna Gene Induces Growth Delay and Serum Biochemical Changes in C57BL/6 Mice

Ruan, J.,Liu, X.G.,Zheng, H.L.,Li, J.B.,Xiong, X.D.,Zhang, C.L.,Luo, C.Y.,Zhou, Z.J.,Shi, Q.,Weng, Y.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.1

The A-type lamin deficient mouse line ($Lmna^{-/-}$) has become one of the most frequently used models for providing insights into many different aspects of A-type lamin function. To elucidate the function of Lmna in the growth and metabolism of mice, tissue growth and blood biochemistry were monitored in Lmna-deficient mice, heterozygous ($Lmna^{+/-}$) and wide-type ($Lmna^{+/+}$) backcrossed to C57BL/6 background. At 4 weeks after birth, the weight of various organs of the $Lmna^{-/-}$, $Lmna^{+/-}$ and $Lmna^{+/+}$ mice was measured. A panel of biochemical analyses consisting of 15 serological tests was examined. The results showed that Lmna deficient mice had significantly decreased body weight and increased the ratio of organ to body weight in most of tissues. Compared with $Lmna^{+/+}$ and $Lmna^{+/-}$ mice, $Lmna^{-/-}$ mice exhibited lower levels of ALP (alkaline phosphatase), Chol (cholesterol), CR (creatinine), GLU (glucose), HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and higher levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase) (p<0.05). $Lmna^{-/-}$ mice displayed higher AST (aspartate aminotransferase) values and lower LDL (lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol), CK-MB (creatine kinase-MB) levels than $Lmna^{+/+}$ mice (p<0.05). There were no significant differences among the three groups of mice with respect to BUN (blood urea nitrogen), CK (creatine kinase), Cyc C (cystatin C), TP (total protein), TG (triacylglycerols) and UA (uric acid) levels (p>0.05). These changes of serological parameters may provide an experimental basis for the elucidation of Lmna gene functions.

A Study on Chinese Real Estate Market - The Problems and Its Countermeasures

Ruan, Xiaowen,이성준 한국물류학회 2011 물류학회지 Vol.21 No.4

With the fast development of the Chinese economy and its urbanization, the real estate industry has been one of the most important and energetic industries to push up the economic scale in China. However during the process of development, there has been an excessive rise in real estate price and it has caused many economic and social problems. This paper examined the reasons why Chinese real estate market had soaring rise and also discussed the future development of Chinese housing property industry and meanwhile, this paper proposed some possible solutions to help China cool the real estate market and eventually to devoted to the healthy development of Chinese economy. This paper also discussed the relationship between developing real estate industry and national economic growth based on the case study in Japan and Korea. This paper found that due to Chinese governmental lax supervision on finance, due to Chinese governmental monopoly policy on land, due to the speculation on the real estate market and the fact of Chinese traditional concept of house ownership meanwhile, this paper found that the further reasons including house as the vale-added investment, urbanization, income rise and ect.; all of these factors devoted to the excessive rise in house price in Chinese real estate market. Based on the factors, this paper proposed that strengthening governmental supervision, levying property tax, repressing speculation and increasing the construction of low-rent house and affordable housefor public be possible ways to stable the real estate market and devote to the healthy development of Chinese economy.

Investigation on Structure and Properties of a Novel Designed Peptide with Half-Sequence Ionic Complement

Ruan, Li-Ping,Luo, Han-Lin,Zhang, Hang-Yu,Zhao, Xiaojun The Polymer Society of Korea 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.8

Although the existing design principle of full-sequence ionic complement is convenient for the development of peptides, it greatly constrains the exploration of peptides with other possible assembly mechanisms and different yet essential functions. Herein, a novel designed half-sequence ionic complementary peptide (referred to as P9), AC-Pro-Ser-Phe-Asn-Phe-Lys-Phe-Glu-Pro-$NH_2$, is reported. When transferred from pure water to sodium chloride solution, P9 underwent a dramatic morphological transformation from globular aggregations to nanofibers. Moreover, the rheological experiment showed that the P9 could form a hydrogel with a storage modulus of about 30 Pa even at very low peptide concentration (0.5% (wt/vol)). The P9 hydrogel formed in salt solution could recover in a period of about 1,800 sec, which is faster than that in the pure water. The data suggestcd that the half-sequence, ionic complementary peptide might be worthy of further research for its special properties.

Analysis on the Personality Traits of Cutscene Preference in Action-Adventure Game

Ruan Xiaoyin(완소음),Cho, Dong Min(조동민) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2014 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.14 No.4

최근 게임시장은 게임의 기술적 표현의 제한이 자유로워진 후 Game Cutscene의 디자인과 응용적 표현이 절대적으로 필요하게 되었다. 이러한 Cutscene에 대한 게임개발자들의 커다란 관심은 게임유저의 플레이 몰입향상을 위한 감정표현 및 게임리듬제어, 게임내러티브상의 보다 효과적인 역할에 관한 적절한 활용방안에 맞추어 졌다. 따라서, 유능한 Cutscene 디자이너는 사용자중심 디자인, 즉 게임유저의 감성적 디자인 요소 및 감정, 선호도에 관한 UCD 가이드라인을 활용하여 제작해야 한다. 본 연구는 비디오게임에 관한 연구범위를 정하고 동일한 자극환경에 의한 최근 가장 인기있는 5가지 액션 어드벤쳐 게임속의 Cutscene을 추출하여, 개인적 성향에 대한 게임플레이어의 선호도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 연구하였으며 사용자의 개인적 성향은 게임 속 Cutscene의 선호도 보다는 게임장르 영향을 받는다는 결과를 도출하여 게임디자인의 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. 본 논문은 연구가설, 연구조사방법 및 연구프로세스, 연구결과 순으로 요약된다. After breaking away from technical restriction, design and application of cutscene have become an absolutely necessary. Great attentions are currently attached by game developers to the proper utilization of cutscene to play a better role in narrative, emotion rendering and game rhythm control for enhancement of sense of immersion of players. Competent cutscene designers proceed from user center design and user center design guideline focuses on preference, feeling and other emotional design factors of users, or namely players. Specific to video game players, the study will realize factors impacting players’ preference to cutscene in aspects of personality traits through the summarization of service condition of cutscene in five popular action-adventure games. The study contains the results of which show no sufficient evidence for personality traits affecting preference to cutscene but some for attitude and motivation of players more or less affecting their feelings toward cutscenes with basic hypothesis mode, research method and procedures as well as research results.

Analysis on the use of Camera Language in Machinima Introduced in 3D Computer Games

Ruan, Xiaoyin(완소음),Cho, DongMin(조동민) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2013 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.13 No.2

It is a complicated system to design and develop a video game. Nowadays the game production is developing rapidly, but the design of a video game remains in use of softwares with the basic understanding of fine arts, and few studies can be found. Studying the art of a video game not only includes the vision styles, plots and sounds, but also the connotation and core of a game design. Comparatively, vision art, movie in particular, after a long-time development, has possessed the popular excellent artistic elements and the methods of its performance, such as plots and use of camera. A video game is a video-audio cultural product same as a movie, therefore it is helpful to technically apply those well-developed artistic elements and methods in designing a video game, which can improve the game’s structure, connotation and quality. This research focuses on how to use the camera to making a good machinima. Unlike physical cameras used in traditional film-making, the virtual camera has much better freedom and flexibility. How to gain these virtual camera"s advantages in machinima in 3D games are very fundamental and important. Related studies in camera usage are rare, most of them are in the traditional TV or film area. It has some difficulties to study in virtual camera"s movement. This research first investigates the camera angle, movement and viewpoint of movie cuts from published literatures of sample data which are chosen from 3 popular 3D game: L. A. Noire, Call of Duty: Black Ops and Assassin’s Creed: Revelation, then by way of analyzing data statistics, this research studies the camera language of machinima and generalizes the tendency of camera usage.

Virtual Camera Movement Bring the Innovation and Creativity in Action Video Games for The Player

Ruan, Xiaoyin(완소음),Cho, Dongmin(조동민) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2013 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.13 No.3

Many game players are well familiar with cutscenes. It is usually used as linkage between settings or an award to the player who passed through, or defeated the Boss and it is not controlled by the players. Nowadays, along with the rapid development of 3D and virtual shot technology, more and more games begin to have plenty of cutscenes in the process of the plot development. As a kind of animated pictures, cutscene is mainly used for story-telling. It is quite different from the animated movies that it lies inside the game, stringing up each episode into a full story. Thus the use of shots is much important in the process of designing cutscenes. As for the latest design of 3D animation, its most advantage is the use of virtual shots and impressive performance, and the dexterous use of virtual camera movement can make effects much better than others. This paper will discuss the various use of camera movement in cutscenes of the series games, Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 6. Since there was more than ten years between these two games had been developed, the visual effect in game is showing huge diversity due to the difference between the techniques in hardware and software. In this study, lens design freed from technique limitation was used to be compared with that in ten years before. According to the analysis of camera data collected from cutscenes in these two games, along with virtual camera developing, Resident Evil 6 is showing more complex shots, more affluent lens motion ways and more vivid lens effects comparing 10 years before. Therefore, the lens design in game cutscenes should be paid more attention due to the development of virtual camera. In this research, it was found that the players were showing negative feelings for too much this kind of cutscenes in 3D action game. Although game producer though that cutscenes was a very important interactive tool between players, how to balance the game producer and player’s demand should be discussed in the further works.