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The Effect of Hyaluronan Treatment in Endotoxemic Rats
Rho, Byung-Hak,Kwon, Kun-Young,Choi, Won-Il The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2011 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.70 No.5
Background: Hyaluronan (HA) is an unbranched glycosaminoglycan. It has been proposed that HA acts as a vehicle for cytokines due to the strong negative charge on its surface. We hypothesized that HA would function like a cytokine scavenger and reduce the inflammatory signaling cascade and this would lead to improved survival in rats suffering with endotoxemia. Methods: Endotoxin (Salmonella, 10 mg/kg) or an equal amount of 0.9% NaCl (NS) was injected into the jugular vein of rats. HA (1,600 kDa, 0.35%) or NS was given at 0.1 mL/kg/h for 3 hours. HA or NS infusion was started at 4 hour after endotoxin injection. The rats were divided into the control and HA groups (n=16 for each group). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored during HA or normal saline infusion. Survival was assessed every 12 hours for 3 days throughout the experiment. Results: The survival rate (%) of the rats treated with HA was higher (60%) than that of the controls (20%) when HA was infused 4 hours after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of the animals surviving HA or NS infusion 4 hours after LPS showed that the total cell counts and number of neutrophils were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced in the HA treated groups compared with that of the controls (total cell count, $9.2{\times}10^4$/mL vs. $61{\times}10^4$/mL; neutrophils, $21{\times}10^4$/mL vs. $0.2{\times}10^4$/mL, respectively). There was no significant MAP difference between the HA or control groups either with or without endotoxin. Conclusion: Infusion of hyaluronan (1,600 kDa) reduced the BAL total cell count and the number of neutrophils and it improved the survival rate of the endotoxemic rats.
Four Freshwater Eutardigades from Korea with Description of Isohypsibius brevitubulatus n. SP.
Rho, Hyun-Soo,Moon, Seung-Yeo,Chang, Cheon-Young,Kim, Won The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 1997 Korean journal of biological sciences Vol.1 No.2
As a result of examining the specimens collected from various freshwater bodies since 1995, four eutardigrades are added to Korean fauna: lsohypsibius brevitubulatus n. sp., I. baldii (Ramazzotti), I. marcellinoi (Binda and Pilato), and Diphascon (Diphascon) higginsi Binda. I. brevitubulatus n. sp. differs from its congeners by having a combination of the following characteristics: smooth cuticle, rather big body size, short and broad buccal tube, presence of lunules, and pharynx bearing 3 rod-like macroplacoids without microplacoid. All the species are illustrated and briefly commented on their habitats with the associated fauna.
Case Reports : A Case of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Pneumopericardium in a Young Adult
Young Jung Lee,Seung Won Jin,Sung Hee Jang,Yi Sun Jang,Eun Kyoung Lee,Yong Joo Kim,Man Young Lee,Jun Chul Park,Tai Ho Rho,Jae Hyung Kim,Soon Jo Hong,Kyu Bo Choi 대한내과학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.16 No.3
Spontaneous medialstinal emphysema (pneumomediastinum) and pneumo-pericardium may be defined as the presence of free air or gas in the mediastinal structures and in the pericardial sac without an apparent precipitating cause. It most frequently occurs in y
Predictors and patterns of problematic Internet game use using a decision tree model
Rho, Mi Jung,Jeong, Jo-Eun,Chun, Ji-Won,Cho, Hyun,Jung, Dong Jin,Choi, In Young,Kim, Dai-Jin Akadémiai Kiadó 2016 Journal of behavioral addictions Vol.5 No.3
<P><B>Background and aims</B></P><P>Problematic Internet game use is an important social issue that increases social expenditures for both individuals and nations. This study identified predictors and patterns of problematic Internet game use.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Data were collected from online surveys between November 26 and December 26, 2014. We identified 3,881 Internet game users from a total of 5,003 respondents. A total of 511 participants were assigned to the problematic Internet game user group according to the <I>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</I> Internet gaming disorder criteria. From the remaining 3,370 participants, we used propensity score matching to develop a normal comparison group of 511 participants. In all, 1,022 participants were analyzed using the chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) algorithm.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>According to the CHAID algorithm, six important predictors were found: gaming costs (50%), average weekday gaming time (23%), offline Internet gaming community meeting attendance (13%), average weekend and holiday gaming time (7%), marital status (4%), and self-perceptions of addiction to Internet game use (3%). In addition, three patterns out of six classification rules were explored: cost-consuming, socializing, and solitary gamers.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>This study provides direction for future work on the screening of problematic Internet game use in adults.</P>
Rho, Tae Won,Lee, Seo Young,Han, Sang-Yong,Kim, Ji Hoon,Lee, Kyung-Hee,Kim, Dong-Seon,Kwak, Han Bok,Kim, Yun-Kyung Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2017 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol. No.
<P>Osteoporosis results from imbalance between new bone formation and bone resorption leading to bone loss and is especially troublesome for postmenopausal women who suffer from estrogen deficiency. The ability of new therapeutic agents to treat this bone disease with minimal side effects has been extensively reported on and is continuously being sought out by researchers in this field. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate a natural herb that was already being used as a new treatment for osteoporosis. Here we found that water extract of Glycyrrhizae radix (GR) inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor-<TEX>$ \kappa $</TEX>B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity. The mRNA expression of c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) was considerably inhibited by GR treatment. GR inhibited RANKL-mediated c-Fos and NFATc1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. GR inhibited the degradation of I-<TEX>$ \kappa $</TEX>B in RANKL-stimulated BMMs. However, GR-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-specific gene expression, including NFATc1, was reversed by ectopic expression of c-Fos. Also, GR significantly inhibited osteoclast formation in mouse calvariae in the presence of IL-1 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Taken together, these results suggest that GR inhibited osteoclast differentiation, raising the possibility that GR may serve as a useful drug for osteoporosis.</P>