http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
최락경(Rak Kyeong Choi),이무용(Moo Yong Rhee),전원호(Won Ho Jeon),김인수(In Su Kim),김석연(Seog Yeon Kim),전용덕(Yong Deog Jeon),이홍순(Hong Soon Lee),유수웅(Soo Woong Yoo),이학중(Hak Choong Lee) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.49 No.5
Objectives: The exercise test is commonly used in conjunction with baseline clinical information to estimate the likelihood that a patient has significant coronary diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine if patterns of ST depression or elevation during exercise testing provide reliable information about the location of an underlying coronary lesion. Methods: We reviewed 49patients out of 137patients who performed treadmill test and coronary angiography at National Medical Center from January, 1984 through August, 1993. All the patients underwent modified Bruce protocol treadmill exercise test and coronary angiography. Exercise ST changes were classified as depression or elevation by lead groups involved(V1-V3, V4-6, I AVL, II III AVF), Coronary angiography was done in several oblique projections and results were reviewed by at least two senior angiographers. Results: 1) There were significant stenosis in coronary angiography in 22cases(70.9%) among positive 31cases, 0cases(0%) among borderline positive 4cases, 5cases(10.2%) among negative 49cases. 11cases(47.8%) among nondiagnostic 23cases, and 3cases(25%) among pseudonormalization 12cases in exercise treadmill tests. 2) The sensitivity of treadmill exercise electrocardiography was 61.2%, and specificity was 81.8%. The sensitivity of each coronary artery diseases was 6l.7% in Left anterior descending artery disease, 66.6% in Right coronary artery disease, 38.5% in Left circumflex artery disease, 100% in 2-vessel disease, and 100% in 3-vessel disease. 3) ST depression was not useful in predicting the site of coronary artery narrowing. In contrast, ST elevation was correlated with coronary artery disease. 4) ST depression was most often seen in leads V4-V6 and leads II III AVF without correlation between the diseased coronary artery and the leads in which ST depression occurred. Conclusion: The exercise treadmill induced depression of the ST segment is an significant sign for predicting the presence of coronary artery disease and for the decision to perform coronary angiography. But, site of ST depression during exercise is not a good predictor of anatomic site of coronary artery disease. The other noninvasive test and coronary angiography may be necessary to nondiagnostic group which revealed insufficient exercise load or target heart rate during exercise test because the presence of coronary artery disease can't be ruled out.
Hur, Seung-Ho,Won, Ki-Bum,Kim, In-Cheol,Bae, Jang-Ho,Choi, Dong-Ju,Ahn, Young-Keun,Park, Jong-Seon,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Choi, Rak-Kyeong,Choi, Donghoon,Kim, Joon-Hong,Han, Kyoo-Rok,Park, Hun-Sik,Choi, So-Yeon Williams & Wilkins Co 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.25
<P>This study assessed the 2-year clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a cohort of the DIAMOND (DIabetic Acute Myocardial infarctiON Disease) registry. Clinical outcomes were compared between 1088 diabetic AMI patients in the DIAMOND registry after stabilization of MI and 1088 nondiabetic AMI patients from the KORMI (Korean AMI) registry after 1:1 propensity score matching using traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Stabilized patients were defined as patients who did not have any clinical events within 1 month after AMI. Primary outcomes were the 2-year rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI (re-MI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). Matched comparisons revealed that diabetic patients exhibited significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate and smaller stent size. Diabetic patients exhibited significantly higher 2-year rates of MACE (8.0% vs 3.7%), all-cause death (3.9% vs 1.4%), re-MI (2.8% vs 1.2%), and TVR (3.5% vs 1.3%) than nondiabetic patients (all P<0.01), and higher cumulative rates in Kaplan-Meier analyses of MACE, all-cause death, and TVR (all P<0.05). A multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that chronic kidney disease, LVEF<35%, and long stent were independent predictors of MACE, and large stent diameter and the use of drug-eluting stents were protective factors against MACE. The 2-year MACE rate beyond 1 month after AMI was significantly higher in DM patients than non-DM patients, and this rate was associated with higher comorbidities, coronary lesions, and procedural characteristics in DM.</P>
A Case of Partial Congenital Pericardial Defect Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome
정재훈,Rak Kyeong Choi,SamSeOh,Tae Sik Kim,Suk Jin Lee,Dae-Sung Ahn 대한심장학회 2013 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.43 No.12
Congenital pericardial defects are rare and asymptomatic for both partial and complete defects. However, some patients can experience syncope, arrhythmia, and chest pain. When a patient experiences a symptom, it may be caused by herniation and dynamic compression or torsion of a heart structure including the coronary arteries. Diagnosis of a congenital pericardial defect may be difficult, especially in old patients with concomitant coronary artery disease. The clinical importance of congenital pericardial defect has not been stressed and congenital pericardial defects are regarded as benign, but in this case, pericardial defect was responsible for myocardial ischemia. The authors report a case of partial congenital pericardial defect causing herniation and dynamic compression of the coronary arteries, presenting as an acute coronary syndrome in an old man, with an emphasis on the unique features of the coronary angiogram that support the diagnosis of partial pericardial defects.
Analsysis of Process Parameters to Improve In-Chip Linewidth Variation
Yun-Kyeong Jang,Doo-Youl Lee,Sung-Woo Lee,Eun-Mi Lee,Soo-Han Choi,Yool Kang,Gi-Sung Yeo,Sang-Gyun Woo,Han-Ku Cho,Jong-Rak Park 대한전자공학회 2004 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.4 No.2
The influencing factors on the OPC (optical proximity correction) results are quantitatively analyzed using OPCed L/S patterns. 3cr values of proximity variations are measured to be 9.3 nm and 15.2 nm for PR-A and PR-B, respectively. The effect of post exposure bake condition is assessed. 16.2 nm and 13.8 nm of variations are observed. Proximity variations of 11.6 nm and 15.2 nm are measured by changing the illumination condition. In order not to seriously deteriorate the OPC, these factors should be fixed after the OPC rules are extracted. Proximity variations of 11.4, 13.9, and 15.2 nm are observed for the mask mean-to-targets of 0, 2 and 4 nm, respectively. The decrease the OPC grid size from I nm to 0.5 nm enhances the correction resolution and the OCV is reduced from 14.6 nm to 11.4 nm. The enhancement amount of proximity variations are 9.2 nm corresponding to 39% improvement. The critical dimension (CD) uniformity improvement for adopting the small grid size is confirmed by measuring the CD uniformity on real SRAM pattern. CD uniformities are measured 9.9 nm and 8.7 nm for grid size of I nm and 0.5 nm, respectively. 22% improvement of the CD uniformity is achieved. The decrease of OPC grid size is shown to improve not only the proximity correction, hut also the uniformity.<br/>
( Young Rak Choi ),( Jin Young An ),( Mi Kyeong Kim ),( Hye Suk Han ),( Ki Hyeong Lee ),( Si Wook Kim ),( Ki Man Lee ),( Kang Hyeon Choe ) 대한내과학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.28 No.6
Background/Aims: Real-time, convex probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is used for the staging of malignant mediastinal lymph nodes. We evaluated the diagnostic effi cacy and safety of EBUS-TBNA when used as an initial diagnostic tool. Methods: We retrospectively studied 56 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA as an initial diagnostic tool between August 2010 and December 2011. Procedure purpose were classified into four categories: 1) intrathoracic masses adjacent to the central airway; 2) enlarged lymph nodes for concurrent diagnosis and staging in suspected malignancy; 3) enlarged lymph nodes in suspected malignancy cases with inability to perform percutaneous core needle biopsy (PCNB); and 4) solely mediastinal masses/lymph nodes in lieu of mediastinoscopy. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA regardless of procedure purpose was calculated to be 83.9%. Furthermore, the diagnostic accuracy of malignant disease was significantly higher than benign disease (93.9% vs. 70.6%, p < 0.001). The diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for each disease is as follows: tuberculosis, 50%; sarcoidosis, 60%; aspergillosis, 100%; lung abscess, 100%; lung cancer, 93%; and lymphoma, 100%. There were minor complications in seven patients during the EBUS-TBNA procedure. The complications included mild hypoxia and bleeding. Conclusions: In conclusion, EBUS-TBNA is a useful initial diagnostic tool for both benign and malignant diseases. EBUS-TBAN is also a very safe procedure and less invasive compared to mediastinoscopy or PCNB.
김경기(Kyeong-ki Kim),최형식(Hyeung-sik Choi),강형석(Hyung-suk Kang),정구락(Gu-rak Jeong),권경엽(Kyeong-yeop Gwon) 대한기계학회 2008 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.32 No.11
This paper is mainly concerned with the development of a remotely operated vehicle for investigation of the coastal sea. For this, we have designed and constructed a vehicle entitled KMU-ROV(Korea Maritime University Remotely Operated Vehicle), for purpose of investigation mission under 50(m) of the sea surface. We have designed six independent waterproof actuators and the housing of the controller for underwater operation. For six degree-of-freedom motion, we have analyzed the dynamics of the KMU-ROV and have designed a new composition of six actuators including the driving system. For motion control, we have composed a concurrent velocity control algorithm for controlling the speed of all the actuating motors. The control system for the KMU-ROV is composed of a master DSP controller, DSP controller for the motor control and various sensors. We composed the PID control algorithm and a network system for controlling motors using the CAN communication. The performance of the KMU-ROV was presented by testing the developed control algorithm and control system under the water.