KI-180과 KI-188 칼슘조성물이 어린쥐의 성장발육에 미치는 영향

박승만(Seung-Man Park),성기승(Ki-Seung Seong),이종석(Jong-Seok Lee),이옥환(Ok-Hwan Lee),한찬규(Chan-Kyu Han) 한국식품과학회 2014 한국식품과학회지 Vol.46 No.3

본 연구에서는 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 조성물이 성장발육에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 시험기간중 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군이 대조군 보다 성장률과 평균 식이섭취량은 증가하였다. 체장은 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군이 대조군에 비해 평균 3.55 mm 더 길었고, 등뼈길이는 KI-180 식이군이 대조군 보다 통계적인 차이는 없었지만 0.5 mm 더 길었다. 대퇴골 무게는 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군이 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 무거웠으며, 대퇴골길이는 대조군에 비해 각각 평균 0.89, 1.09 mm 더 길었다. 혈당, 총콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 농도는 차이가 없었고, 칼슘농도는 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군 보다 대조군이 유의하게 높았다. 백혈구와 혈소판수는 차이가 없었고, 적혈구, 혈색소 및 헤마토크릿치는 대조군이 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군 보다 통계적으로 높았다. ALP활성은 KI-180 식이군이 대조군 보다 통계적으로 높았고, osteocalcin농도는 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군이 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 testosterone 농도는 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 식이군과 대조군 간에 차이가 없었다. IGF-1과 IGFBP-3 농도는 KI-180 조성물이 대조군 보다 각각 20%, 11% 정도 유의하게 더 높았다. 이상의 결과를 검토할 때 KI-188 칼슘과 KI-180 조성물은 어린쥐의 성장과 골격의 발달을 촉진시키고, 성장호르몬의 분비능을 양적으로 유도하여 전반적인 성장발육에 유효한 작용이 있는 것으로 사료된다. Herbs have active components that promote the growth rate of both animals and human. The KI-180 and KI-188 calcium food formulae contain Acanthopanacis cortex, Bombysis corpus and hoelen, seaweed calcium, chlorella extract, spirulina, colostrum powder, and other natural and functional components. We evaluated the growth-promoting effects of these formulae by analyzing the weight, femur and backbone, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, testosterone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) of growing rats. Growing rats administered with KI-180 and KI-188 calcium showed the increase of body weight, body length, and femur weight and length of growing rats. In addition, administration of KI-180 and KI-188 calcium increased the alkaline phosphatase activity, the levels of osteocalcin and the growth hormones IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 of growing rats. The impact of KI-180 and KI-188 calcium on the physical development of growing rats suggests that the incorporation of these food formulae in the diets of growing children may promote the physical development.

한국인이 생각하는 나르시시즘(Narcissism)의 개념에 대한 예비연구

이만홍,육기환 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.3

Objects : In order to define different concepts of narcissism in Korean, this study was designed to compare the concept of narcissism by Korean laymen with that of DSM-Ⅲ-R. Methods : 1) Initially, 2 laymen & 4 psychiatric personnel were interviewed and made to describe in free association on narcissism. With these results and the DSM-Ⅲ-R diagnostic criteria of narcissistic personality disorder, we developed a semistructured interview. 2) Using this semistructured interview, authors interviewed 28 key informants(14 laymen, 14 psychiatric residents) an asked them to describe their own understanding of prototypical person of narcissism. Psychiatric residents were comparative subjects to laymen. Results : Laymen thought positively that narcissism was one part of personality, made them achieve self-confidence and a new vitality in life, and consequently made them more enthusiastic in one's work. Narcissism was thught to result in possible difficulties of interpersonal relationships espeually by psychiatric residents. There was a gender difference which concentrated on the differences-men thought level of education, job, success, fame and money more important whereas women took as important factors such as appearance, relationships with one's spouse or lover and his social standing. Men overtly require acceptance by others whereas women self-absorption and intellectual achievement. When one is denied, men directly show aggressive response whereas women show this indirectly and later. Laymen saw narcissism as normal, while some saw it as a personality disorder or mental disorder. Reasons contribute to narcissism were developmental factor and socioenvironmental factor. Conclusions : Concepts and psychopathology of narcissism did not seem little difference between opinions of laymen and DSM-Ⅲ-R. Laymen took narcissism more positively than psychiatric residents. It was taken as part of personality, required for normal development and professional capabilities are above average and have achievement and self-confidence. Narcissism did not require treatment or when necessary it would become better. Results suggested that narcissism has sex difference more or less.

Reflexiones sobre la ensenanza del espanol en Corea y la implantacion de un sistema de control de la calidad

( Raimon Blancafort ),( Man Ki Lee ) 한국스페인어문학회 2012 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.65

Raimon Blancafort & Man-ki Lee(2012), Reflexiones sobre la ensenanza del espanol en Corea y la implantacion de un sistema de control de la calidad, Estudios Hispanicos, 65, 33-61. El presente articulo no pretende ser un estudio academico basado en el marco teorico de la calidad educativa, sino que es una reflexion amplia sobre la situacion general de la ensenanza practica de lenguas extranjeras en Corea. El trabajo considera de forma general diferentes circunstancias relacionadas con el sistema educativo surcoreano, a la vez que expone logros y problemas presentes en la actualidad. No obstante, el proposito principal de este trabajo consiste en destacar que, a pesar del gran desarrollo experimentado, todavia existe margen para seguir avanzando y, asi, alcanzar un nivel de calidad educativa que posibilite la obtencion de mejores resultados academicos. En este sentido, se propone la creacion y el establecimiento de un sistema de control o gestion de la calidad aplicado al ambito educativo y, en concreto, a la docencia del espanol. En nuestra opinion, la aplicacion de un sistema que garantice la calidad en la ensenanza del espanol seria muy conveniente. Por todo ello, consideramos necesario reflexionar sobre la necesidad de incorporar y extender un modelo propio de gestion de la calidad adaptado a las circunstancias del pais, a las necesidades, caracteristicas y objetivos de los estudiantes y, tambien, a los requisitos de un mundo profesional cada vez mas exigente y competitivo.

수부 주상골 요부의 전위골절에 대한 수술적 치료

조용만,이영기,강흥식,리건영,이천동,오상수 대한골절학회 1997 대한골절학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The authors surveyed the clinical study of 17cases of scaphoid fractures from March 1989 to September 1994 with minimal I year follow up at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lee-Rha general Hospital. The following conclusions were obtained through clinical survey. l. Of all l 7 cases, they were l3 males and 4 females; Among the 13 males, 10 cases were aged between 20 and 39 years. forming 56.8% of all. 2. All 17 cases were treated by open reduction. Unions were obtained at average l l.5 weeks in 7 cases treated with Herbert screw fixation and l 2 weeks in l 0 cases treated with K-wire fixation. 3. Two of ten K-wire treated cases resulted in delayed union, one of seven Herbert screw treated cases resulted in delayed union. 4. Unions were obtained at average 20 weeks in 3 cases of delayed union. We concluded that open reduction and K-wire fixation were recomanded for the compatible treatment method of displaced waist fracture of scaphoid.

거골 경부 골절의 치료

조용만,이영기,리건영,이천동 대한골절학회 1996 대한골절학회지 Vol.9 No.4

The talus has some important anatomic features. Approximately 60% of its surface is cartilage and The talus often has problems with circulation. Talar neck fracture have a high association with ostonecosis and osteoarthritis. Authors have analysed l6 cases of the talar neck fractures treated at Lee-Rha General Hospital from January l990 to December l995 with minimal I year follow up. The results were as follows; 1. In thr l6 cases, there were l4 males and 2 females. the age between 20 and 40 years old was 10 cases(63%). 2. The most common cause of injury was traffic accident(63%), with sudden hyperextension as its mechanism. 3. associated injuries were 4 malleolar fracutres, 3 calcaneous fractures, 3 spine fractures, 3 tiviofibular fractures and 2 femur fractures. 4. According to the Hawkins classification: 3 cases in type I, 4 cases in type I, 5 cases in type l. 4 case in type N fractures were observed. 5. The method of treatment, all 3cases of Hawkins type I fractures were treated by closed reduction and cast immobilization, 3 cases of Hawkins type l and I case of Hawtins type III fracture were treated by closed reduction and internal fixation, other 9 cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. 6. Excellent results were observed in 8 cases good in 5 cases, fair in 2 cases . poor in l case with the Hawkins' therapeutic criteria. 7. Complications was observed 3 avascular necrosis, 2 post-traumatic arthritis, 2 ankle stiffness and l skin necrosis. From the above results, authors believe that early anatomical reduction k internal fixation is impotent to get a satisfactory result in de treatment of talar neck fracture.

스페인어와 한국어의 통사적 유사성

이만기 서울大學校 스페인中南美硏究所 2004 이베로아메리카硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Desde el punto de vista tipolo´gico, es bien claro que el espan~ol, lengua roma´nica, y el coreano, lengua de la familia ural-altaica, son lenguas evidentemente distintas. De modo que no es una tarea fa´cil que en dichas lenguas podamos encontrar aspectos parecidos en el campo fonolo´gico, morfolegico y sinta´ctico. En contraste, el espan~ol y el ingle´s pertenecen a la familia de lenguas indoeuropeas, por lo cual muchas palabras derivadas del lati´n en espan~ol y en ingle´s son morfolo´gicamente muy similares. Por lo Canto, muchos estudiantes coreanos, quienes ya saben ingles y empiezan a aprender espanol como lengua secundaria, tienen tendencia a adquirir los aspectos lingu¨isticos del espan~ol con la base del ingle´s. Pero, en este trabajo procuramos mostrar que el espan~ol y el coreano comparten rasgos comunes en algunos aspectos sintacticos. En concreto, intentamos argumentar que estas dos lenguas muestran las similitudes sintacticas en los siguientes temas: el feno´meono de sujeto nulo, el orden de palabras de estructura informativa, y la preposicio´n personal 'a' como una marca de Caso. En primer lugar, el espan~ol y el coreano son lenguas de sujeto nulo. En espanol, el morfema flexivo del verbo puede identificar el sujeto nulo. En cambio, el coreano, que no tiene conjugacio´n verbal, legitima el pro-drop mediante la situacio´n discursiva. En estas dos lenguas, el sujeto nulo es obligatorio cuando esta licenciado y completamente recuperable. En segundo lugar, el espan~ol y el coreano muestran una similitud sintactica en que el orden de palabras, aunque es distinto uno del otro por la posicio´n parame´trica del nucleo, varia dependiendo de la estructura informativa del discurso. Es decir, sen~alaremos que estas dos lenguas no son lenguas con sujeto obligatorio como el ingle´s y el france´s: en espan~ol y en coreano no aparecen un expletivo le´xico como 'it' o 'there' del ingle´s y 'il' del france´s. Por u´ltimo, procuramos argumentar que la preposicio´n 'a' del espan~ol tiene una funcio´n muy parecida a la marca de Caso acusativo 'ul/lul' del coreano en los siguientes aspectos. Primero, estas dos particulas se utilizan para evitar la ambiguedad de sujeto y objeto. Segundo, hacen que el objeto directopueda llevar un rasgo sema´ntico y aspectual de 'especificidad' y de 'telicidad'. Tercero, tienden a aparecer delante del objeto directo con predicado secundario. Con todo esto, pensamos que, en los aspectos sinta´cticos, el coreano es una lengua ma´s cercana al espan~ol que al ingle´s. Si aplicamos a la ensen~anza del espan~ol estas similitudes sinta´cticas entre las dos lenguas, los estudiantes coreanos tendra´n un acceso ma´s fa´cil a la adquisicio´n del espan~ol.

大家畜의 受精卵 移植에 關한 硏究

李基萬,鄭吉生,高光斗 건국대학교 1982 學術誌 Vol.26 No.2

This study was carried out in order to induce multiple birth following egg transfer in Korean native cattle, and composed of three experiments ; induction of multiple birth following GTH single administration, Ovarian response to the administration of GTH in combination with Prostaglandin F2α and non-surgical egg transfer following superovulation and non-surgical recovery of fertilized eggs. The results obtained in three experiments were summarized as followings: Experiment I. Induction of multiple birth following GTH single administration. (1) Average duration from PMS administration to the onset of estrus was 3.8 to 4.7 days and no difference due to dosage and administration site of PMS were observed. (2) Duration of induced estrus was ranged from 3.1 to 4.6 days and that of induced estrous cycle was shortened by the length of induced estrus. (3) The most slowed follicles (5.3- 5.5) were observed in the cattle administrated with 2,000 IU of PMS and 1,000 IU of PMS was considered to be the optimum dosage for the limited ovulation. (4) Ovulation rate was declined when the PMS dosage was increased more than, 1000 IU (5) Highest rate of twin birth (35.7%) was obtained from the cattle treated with 1,000 IU of PMS and the next was the catties treated with 500 IU and 2,000 IU of PMS, respectively. Experiment II. Ovarian response to the administration of GTH in combination with Prostaglandin F2α. (1) Average duration from PMS administration to the onset of estrus was 5 days and the duration was shortened with the increasing dosage of PMS. (2) Duration of induced estrus was ranged from 2.3 to 4.5 days and the duration of estrus was shortened with the decreasing dosage of PMS. (3) Number of follicle obtained from the cattle treated with 4,000, 3,000, 2,000, 1,000 and 500 IU of PMS were clarified to be 11.4, 11.5,7,2.3 and 2.5, respectively, after 4.8-5.2 days of PMS administration. (4) Observing the results of slaughter, ovulation rates of the cattle treated with 4,000, 3,000, 2,000, 1,000, and 500 Iu of FMS were 16.3, 35.6, 60.0, 65 and 75%, respectively. (5) The numbers of degenerated, or bled follicle were increased with the increase of PMS dosage. Experiment III. Non-surgical egg transfer following superovulation and non-surgical egg transfer. (1) Average six eggs per donor were ovulated and 65% of them were recovered by non-surgical technique. (2) Eighty two percent of eggs recovered were found to be normal morphologically and were at 4-32 cell stage, respectively. (3) Seventy five percent of cattle treated with prostaglandin F2α were synchronized in their estrus within 4 days of administration. (4) No twin fetation was obtained from the five recipients received fertilized eggs.

최소주의에서의 영허사 주어에 관하여

이만기 서울대학교 어학연구소 2002 語學硏究 Vol.38 No.1

The present paper argues, in the line of Chomsky (1998), that the EPP(Extended Projection Principle)-feature of T may not be universally obligatory as the EPP-feature of phase heads v/C varies parametrically among languages and if available is optional. Accepting the idea of Fox (1998) and Chomsky (1999), we propose that optional operations can apply only if they have an effect on outcome and that the EPP position of T in Spanish can be optionally assigned interpretive complex INT(semantic interpretation such as topic). On the basis of Spanish data, we claim that T in Spanish can have EPP optional feature. As a result of this claim, we point out that (ⅰ) VSO orders lack an expletive pro, (ⅱ) in the languages that don't have EPP feature obligatorily, there will not be a lexical expletive as 'it' in English or 'il' in French, (ⅲ) in Spanish (XP)VS word order, the preverbal XP constituent(including 'subject') will occupy the [Spec, TP] position, checking the EPP optional feature of T and, as a result, showing the INT semantic effect such as a topic interpretation.

N-Isoprophyliminotriphenylphosphorane과 Benzaldehyde 유도체와 반응

李英行,李晩求,金基炫 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1986 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.5 No.2

The reactions of N- sopropyliminotriphenylphosphorane with benzaldehyde derivatives were investigated by GC. The reaction were completed within 8hours at an approximate reaction condition. The reactivity of benzaldehyde was in order, Ar=p-NO_2>p-Cl>p-Br>H>p-CH_3>p-CH_3O> and Ar=p-C_2H_5O, consistant with the Wittig mechanism. The reactivity of iminophosphorane increased with the change of reaction solvent from benzene to ethanol.

Head Constraint on Spanish/English and Korean/English Code-Switching

Lee,Man-Ki 한국언어학회 2009 언어 Vol.34 No.2

In this paper, I am concerned entirely with code switching within sentences, i.e. intrasentential code switching. Specifically, this study examines Spanish/English and Korean/English code-switched utterences, in order to test "the Equivalence Constraint" proposed by Poplack (1980). I claim that the Equivalence Constraint cannot be a code-switching restriction on "word order mapping" between the two languages, because there are counterexamples in which, even if the word order is different between L1 and L2, the code-switching is possible if it does not involve the phrasal head. To explain these data, I propose Head Constraint on Code-Switching: If L1 has a unique phrase structure which is not shared with L2, the head which licenses the structure must be lexicalized in L1 while the other constituents can be randomly filled from either lexicon.