http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Radha Jhappan Research Institute of Asian Women Sookmyung Women' 2005 Asian Women Vol.20 No.-
This article focuses on the commercial sexual exploitation of minors, particularly child prostitution, child sex tourism, and trafficking in children for the sex trade. It charts some of the key economic and social conditions that structure the supply of women and children for the sex trade. It then maps out some of the key cultural and social/psychological forces that condition demandfor children and women as sexually exploitable commodities. Most analysts active in the field seem to assume that solutions to these problems may be found in policies aimed at stemming the supplyof children for the sex trade (by punishing the traffickers, pornographers, and procurers, for instance) and attacking the demand by punishing the consumers (for example, through anti-child pornography, anti-sex tourism, and anti-trafficking laws). This article argues, however, that while the range of existing policies is generally necessary, supply is rooted fundamentally in poverty, and as such is determined at the macro level as a structural requirement of neo-liberal capitalist globalization. Thus, micro level policies targeting the individuals who buy and sell the sexual services of women and children can only enjoy very limited success as they do not aim to dismantle the macro structures of power. The article proposes that policy regimes focus instead on undermining the critical demand stimulus - male sexuality - and offers some tentative proposals as to how this might be achieved.
Radha Ballabha,Archana Kuniyal,Prabhawati Tiwari,Jay Krishan Tiwari 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2020 Journal of Forest Science Vol.36 No.2
We studied forest structure and composition in the vicinity of Srinagar Hydroelectric Power Project in Alaknanda Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India to provide baseline data for the management of forests. Eight sites were selected in the vicinity of power project based on elevation and species composition. Density varied from 650 to 340 ind ha-1 for trees and from 4,360 to 6,480 ind ha-1 for shrubs. TBC ranged from 35.02 to 54.02 m2 ha-1 for trees and from 0.875 to 2.628 m2 ha-1 for shrubs. On the basis of density and IVI, Pinus roxburghii was found dominant tree species in most of the sites, whereas among the shrubs, Carissa opaca was dominant. Dominance of Pinus roxburghii in most of the sites is an indication towards possible threat to associated species in the area. The dominance-diversity curve of trees showed a geometric distribution, whereas the shrubs displayed log-normal curves. The forest has rich and diverse species composition however; habitat degradation caused by the construction of Power Project might lead to reduction of plant species from the area. The information obtained from this study will be helpful in predicting possible changes in the forest ecosystem properties in near future after completion of the power project.
Radha, Sankararajan,Shanmugavel, Sethu The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2003 Journal of communications and networks Vol.5 No.3
The central challenge in the design of ad-hoc networks is the development of dynamic routing protocol that efficiently finds route between mobile nodes. Several routing protocols such as DSR, AODV and DSDV have been proposed in the literature to facilitate communication in such dynamically changing network topology. In this paper, a Node Transition Probability (NTP) based routing algorithm, which determines stable routes using the received power from all other neighboring nodes is proposed. NTP based routing algorithm is designed and implemented using Global Mobile Simulator (GloMoSim), a scalable network simulator. The performance of this routing algorithm is studied for various mobility models and throughput, control overhead, average end-to-end delay, and percentage of packet dropped are compared with the existing routing protocols. This algorithm shows acceptable performance under all mobility conditions. The results show that this algorithm maximizes the bandwidth utilization during heavy traffic with lesser overhead.
( Radha Karki ),( Chan Mi Park ),( Kyu Yeon Jun ),( Tara Man Kadayat ),( Eung Seok Lee ),( Young Joo Kwon ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
Dihydroxylated 2,4-diphenyl-6-aryl pyridine derivatives were simply achieved using Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction and mdifiled Krohnke pyridine synthetic method. Total forty-five compounds were designed and synthesized which contain hydroxyl groups at ortho, meta or para position of 2- and 4-phrnyl rings attached to the central pyridine. They were evaluated for topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, and cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines for the development of novel antitumor agents. Most of the prepared compounds exhibited dignificant antiproliferative activity on human cancer cell lines, HCT15 and K562, as well as potent topo II inhibitory activity comparable to or stronger than etoposide. The structure-activity relationship demonstrated that compounds with hydroxyl group at meta or para position of 2-phenyl ring in combination with htdroxyl at ottho, meta or para position of 4-phenyl ring displayed the most potent topoisomerase II inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity. Posirice correlation between topoisomerase II inhibition and cytotoxicity was obtained for several compounds (30, 35, 36, 40-45, 49, 54, 56). Compound 56 showed the most potent topoisomerase II inhibitory activity at low concentrartion and functioned as a topoisomerase poison like the mode of action of etoposide. ⓒ2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Beneficial Effects of Fermented Soybean through PPARs Activation in Metabolic Syndrome
Radha Arulkumar,방은진,Sang-Gyun Noh,정희진,김대현,Takako Yokozawa,Hae Young Chung 대한약학회 2019 약학회지 Vol.63 No.5
Fermented soybean is an important fermented soybean food in Korea as it has many health benefits. Thephytochemicals that are modified and concentrated by fermentation with Bacillus subtilis are isoflavone aglycones,flavonols, and gallic acid, which were produced by the activity of β-glucosidase and esterase. On the other hand,isoflavone glycosides and flavanol gallates were decreased. It possesses various biological activities such as anti-oxidative,anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, recent research has paid great attention tofermented soy food products to improve human health. We performed in silico molecular docking simulation of increasedphytochemical components during soybean fermentation for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which isa well-known nuclear receptor family for preventive roles in metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The results demonstratedthat components such as epicatechin, daidzein, catechin, and genistein showed strong binding affinity with PPARs, suggestingtheir potential therapeutic effects. In this review, we highlighted the recent studies and possible action mechanisms ofphytochemical extracts during the fermentation process of soybean and their potential health benefits to humans, especiallyfor the treatment of the metabolic syndrome.
( Radha Karki ),( Pritam Thapa ),( Han Young Yoo ),( Tara Man Kadayat ),( Pil Hoon Park ),( Young Wha Na ),( Eun Young Lee ),( Kyung Hwa Leon ),( Won Jea Cho ),( Hee Sung Choi ),( Young Joo Kwon ),( E 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0
Twelve dihydroxylated 2,4,6-triphenyl pyridines were designed and synthesized which contain hydroxyl groups at ortho, meta or para position of 2- and 6-phenyl, or 2- and 4-phenyl rings attached to the central pyridine. They were evaluated for topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, and cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines for the development of novel anticancer agents. Generally,dihydroxylated 2,4,6-triphenyl pyridines exhibited stronger topoisomerase II inhibitory activity, and cytotoxicity compared to those of monohydroxylated 2,4,6-triphenyl pyridines. The concrete structure-activity relationship was observed that dihydroxylated 2,4,6-triphenyl pyridines with hydroxyl group at meta or para position of 2-phenyl ring displayed significant topoisomerase II inhibitory activity as well as cytotoxicity. Positive correlation between topoisomerase II inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity was observed for compounds 10, 12, 13, 17-20 and 22. ⓒ 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS All rights reserved.
( Radha Karki ),( Kyu Yeon Jun ),( Tara Man Kadayat ),( Somin Shin ),( Til Bahadur Thapa Magar ),( Ganesh Bist ),( Aarajana Shrestha ),( Younghwa Na ),( Youngjoo Kwon ),( Eung Seok Lee ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-
As a continuous effort to develop novel antitumor agents, a new series of forty-five-2phenol-4-aryl-6-chlorophenyl pyridine compounds were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four different human cancer cell lines(DU145, HCT15, T47D, and HeLa), and topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, Several compounds(10-15, 20, 22, 24, 28, 42, and 49) displayed strong to moderate dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity at 100 μM. It was observed that hydroxyl and chlorine moiety at meta or para position of phenyl ring is favorable for dual topoisomerase inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity. Most of the compounds displayed stronger cytotoxicities than those of all positive controls against the HCT15 and T47D cell lines. For investigation of the structure-activity relationships, a 3D-QSAR analysis using the method of comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed. The generated 3D contour maps can be used for further rational design of novel terpyridine derivatives as highly selective and potent cytotoxic agents.