LOWER EXTREMITY INJURY OF VIETNAMESE PEDESTRIAN IN CRASH BY A SEDAN USING NUMERICAL SIMULATION

Phu Thuong Luu Nguyen,Hung Anh Ly,Thien Phu Nguyen 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.1

Pedestrians are among the most vulnerable road users, who often suffer serious injuries in road collisions. Therefore, evaluating the injury of a pedestrian is absolutely necessary. This paper aims to evaluate the lower extremity injuries for Vietnamese people by numerical simulation using a Human Body Model (HBM) – Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS). Considering that the HBM has the anthropometrical and biomechanical properties of the North American and European bodies, it is required to scale it down to represent Vietnamese anthropometry. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a scaling algorithm to scale the published lower extremity injury criteria to properly assess the injury risk of a Vietnamese. After a Vietnamese-sized HBM is obtained from the scaling procedure, its posture is adjusted to represent a walking pedestrian. A sedan is employed for simulating the pedestrian collision with the impact velocity ranging from 20 to 50 km/h. The car models are simplified to reduce computational time. The findings illustrate that the bending moment and resultant force of femur and tibia increase with respect to the impact velocity. The knee ligaments have been injured at high risk.

Synthesis of Maltoheptaose Fatty Ester by Yeast Lipase and Their Emulsion Functions

Phu Cuong Nguyen,Thi My Tuyen Nguyen,Chang-KyuLee,Il-NamOh,Min-Jee Yoo,Kyu-BeenPark,Jae-HanKim,Hyun-JooAn,Jong-TaePark 한국당과학회 2018 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.07

Enzymatic syntheses of sugar fatty acid (FA) esters are important because of their wide range of applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. These molecules are commonly synthesized from F As and mono-, or di-saccharides by chemical or enzymatic esterification. Previously, sugar esters were produced using oligosaccharide, and interfacial tension values and inhibitory effects towards tumor cell lines were improved when higher DP saccharides were used. In this study, the direct esterification of maltoheptaose (G7) with vanous length of F As was investigated by the catalytic action of Candida antartica lipase B. Among the F As palmitic acid (PA) was the best substrate for the G7 ester formation. Optimal reaction conditions including solvent composition and molar ratio of G 7: P A were established for the G7-PA. The conversion yield and sugar ester structure were analyzed using various instrumental analyses. The results showed that G7-PA monoester was successfully synthesized with a molar ratio of I :20 (G7: PA) in I 0% DMSO of t-butanol at 60°C, and the conversion yield was over than 21%. The position of ester bond formation was identified that PA was attached to C-6 of the reducing end glucosyl moiety. The melting temperature of G7- PA monoester was reached at 56 °C, lower than that of pure G7 and PA. In addition, the G7- p A esters and commercial sucrose esters were compared as emulsifiers. Both type of sugar esters prevented coalescence during 7 days and showed good emulsifying properties in 0/W emulsions since the droplets diameter did not have significant change during the storage.

Effect of Material Characteristics and Process Parameters on Wrinkling During Redraw Process of a Beverage Can Using FEM Simulation

Phu-Van Nguyen,Jin-Jae Kim,Young-Suk Kim 한국소성가공학회 2018 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Power allocation strategies for dual-hop relay protocols with best relay selection under constraint of intercept probability

Phu Tran Tin,Tran Trung Duy 한국통신학회 2019 ICT Express Vol.5 No.1

In this letter, we propose two power allocation strategies, named Optimal Power Allocation (OPA) and Equal Intercept Probability (EIP), for dual-hop cooperative decode-and-forward (DF) relaying networks under constraint of intercept probability (IP). Particularly, with knowledge of channel statistics of the eavesdropping links, the transmitters such as source and relays adjust their transmit power to control the value of IP by a desired level. A max–min relay selection method is applied to enhance the e2e outage probability (OP). We derive expressions of transmit power for the source and the selected relay. Then, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to verify analytical results.

A Fully Integrated Multimode Wireless Power Charger IC With Adaptive Supply Control and Built-In Resistance Compensation

Phu Ho Van Quang,Thanh Tien Ha,Jong-Wook Lee Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol. No.

<P>We present a fully integrated multimode lithium-ion battery charger integrated circuit (IC) for wireless power charging applications. The proposed charger IC integrates an analog block for battery charging, a digital control block, an analog-to-digital converter, and memory on a single chip. To improve the charging efficiency, the supply voltage of the charger IC is controlled by an adaptive low-dropout (LDO) regulator. A series-voltage feedback path is formed along the LDO regulator and multimode level shifter, which regulates the supply voltage to closely follow the battery voltage. For a smooth transition during multimode charging, we propose a new approach for built-in resistance compensation. The digital control block of the charger IC is designed in accordance with the Qi standard. The battery charger IC is fabricated in a one-poly six-metal 0.18-μm CMOS process. Integrated with the digital control block and memory, the core area of the multimode charger IC is 0.9 × 1.4 mm<SUP>2</SUP>. The input voltage ranges from 4.8 to 5 V. The output voltage is 4.2 V in constant-voltage mode. The charging current in constant-current mode is 450 mA. The maximum and average charging efficiencies are 83% and 79%, respectively.</P>

Time-Slicing Control Strategy for Rotary SMA Actuators

Phu Van Do,이병룡 한국정밀공학회 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

A new control strategy that can be applied efficiently to rotary SMA actuators was investigated. This type of controller primarily focuses on adjusting the amount of time to apply a voltage or current to actuators while the traditional controllers have been widely used to compute amplitude of signals fed to the actuators. To prove the effectiveness as well as the capability of the proposed strategy in controlling rotary SMA actuators, a simple time-slicing PID controller was developed. The experimental results showed that the proposed time-slicing PID controller attained a better tracking performance compared to the traditional one.

Targeting the Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase Pathway in Gastric Cancer: Can Omics Improve Outcomes?

Phu Tran,Cham Nguyen,Samuel J. Klempner 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.S1

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway signaling is an established oncogenic signal transduction pathway implicated in multiple malignancies. Therapeutic targeting of PI3K pathway components has improved outcomes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, kidney cancer, breast cancer, and neuroendocrine tumors. Gastric cancers harbor some of the highest rates of oncogenic alterations in PI3K but attempts to translate this genomic observation have met with limited clinical success and novel approaches are needed. In the following review we discuss PI3K signaling, previous preclinical and clinical investigations in gastric cancer, and discuss future strategies aimed at overcoming resistance and improving efficacy. Identification and refinement of molecular tumor subtypes, development of predictive biomarkers along, and rational drug combination strategies are key to capitalizing on the therapeutic potential of PI3K pathway directed therapies in gastric cancers.

Seismic Fragility Assessment for A Newly Developed Buried Arch Bridge

Phu Van Dang,허정원,안진희,Achintya Haldar,곽기석 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.11

This study aims to assess the seismic response of a newly developed buried arch bridge system. The proposed buried arch bridge system is comprised of precast concrete panels, external steel outriggers, and steel V-strips to solve the limitation encountered in the storage, transportation, and construction of traditional buried arch structures. The three-dimensional finite element analysis of this arch system is conducted under dynamic analysis emphasizing the frequency content of earthquakes. Then, the fragility curves are suggested for this arch system based on two damage states defined via incremental dynamic analysis. The results show that this proposed arch system is significantly affected under a high frequency content earthquake compared to the low and intermediate ones. Additionally, the arch system deflects the most at the mid-high position rather than at the arch crown. The deflection at the arch crown or at the mid-high position can be used for establishing the fragility curves as they both connect with the failure mechanism of the arch structure.

Detection and Quantification of Major Royal Jelly Protein 1 in Honeybees by ELISA using a Monoclonal Antibody

Phu Van Nguyen,Ji-Na No,Bo-Ram Lee,Mi-Sun Yoo,Byoung-Su Yoon 한국양봉학회 2011 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.26 No.1

The most abundant protein in royal jelly (RJ) is the major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1), which is a key protein responsible for rapid growth in bee larvae. It plays a pivotal role initiating and maintaining the immune response though the production of inflammatory cytokines. An ELISA method was developed to detect and quantify MRJP1 using a specific monoclonal anti-MRJP1 antibody. The limit of detection for MRJP1 was 1ng/ml, MRJP1 was identified in RJ samples collected from Vietnam and Korea, and under storage conditions. The results showed that the ELISA had good sensitivity and precision for detecting MRJP1 in RJ samples.

An Efficient Chloride Ingress Model for Long-Term Lifetime Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Structures Under Realistic Climate and Exposure Conditions

Phu Tho Nguyen,Emilio Bastidas-Arteaga,Ouali Amiri,Charbel-Pierre El Soueidy 한국콘크리트학회 2017 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.11 No.2

Chloride penetration is among the main causes of corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete (RC) structures producing premature degradations.Weather and exposure conditions directly affect chloride ingress mechanisms and therefore the operational service life and safety of RC structures. Consequently, comprehensive chloride ingress models are useful tools to estimate corrosion initiation risks and minimize maintenance costs for RC structures placed under chloride-contaminated environments. This paper first presents a coupled thermo-hydro-chemical model for predicting chloride penetration into concrete that accounts for realistic weather conditions. This complete numerical model takes into account multiple factors affecting chloride ingress such as diffusion, convection, chloride binding, ionic interaction, and concrete aging. Since the complete model could be computationally expensive for long-term assessment, this study also proposes model simplifications in order to reduce the computational cost. Long-term chloride assessments of complete and reduced models are compared for three locations in France (Brest, Strasbourg and Nice) characterized by different weather and exposure conditions (tidal zone, de-icing salts and salt spray). The comparative study indicates that the reduced model is computationally efficient and accurate for long-term chloride ingress modeling in comparison to the complete one. Given that long-term assessment requires larger climate databases, this research also studies how climate models may affect chloride ingress assessment. The results indicate that the selection of climate models as well as the considered training periods introduce significant errors for mid- and long- term chloride ingress assessment.