관동맥 재개통 후 QTc간격분산의 감소 : 정량적으로 측정한 심근 허혈의 호전 정도와의 연관성 Relationships with the Quantitative Degree of Improvement in Myocardial Ischemia

박상선,최기준,남기병,이철환,홍멸기,박성욱,박승정,신중우,문대혁,김유호 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

점군 데이터로부터 NC 공구경로 생성

박정환,정종필 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.2

Digitizing of model parts is the main step in reverse engineering. Presented in the paper is a step-by-step procedure for generating NC toolpaths from optically digitized data, or "cloud of points" data in industrial parlance, which is generated by commercial laser scanning machines of a specific type. The main problem in generating NC toolpaths from cloud of points data is to obtain a smooth fairing of random measurement errors at the presence of missing data points. The most challenging task is reconstructing transition surface features which are usually damaged by random errors and missing points. The procedure for generating NC toolpaths from digitized data consists of five major steps: meshing, splitting, surface fairing, Z-map sampling, and toolpath generation. The proposed method for NC toolpath generation has been applied to a few test cases with premising results.

RW-DBR 레이저의 처핑 (chirping)에 따른 발진모드의 동적특성

박정선,오일환 木浦大學校 情報産業硏究所 1997 情報産業硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-

Narrow-linewidth ridge-waveguide distributed Bragg reflector (RW-DBR) lasers with asymmetric cladding are designed. RW-DBR lasers are Ridge structure coupled Fabry-Perot resonator to DBR, First the turning property is investigated for DBR reflectivity and facet effective reflectivity of a ROR. and it is shown that a ROR has narrow linewidth. Secondly, we also show resonant wavelengths shifts as a result of RW-DBR laser's phase variation. and the chirp due to the external modulation is studied.

Carbamazepine으로 인한 무과립성 백혈구증 1례

박성수,이정호,오석환 인제대학교 1986 仁濟醫學 Vol.7 No.3

발작성 이상 뇌파 소견을 지닌 정신분열증 환자에서 Carbamazepine 사용후 임상 증상과 말초 혈액 소견상 무과립성 백혈구증을 보인 증례를 치험하였기에 문헌적 고찰과 함께 이를 보고한다. Recently Carbamazepine use has been increased in psychiatry. Especially Carbamazepine has been proposed as an alternative therapy in manic-depressive illness when lithium is ineffective or cannot be used because of side effect. As Carbamazepine use is increasing in psychiatry, the psychiatric community become familiar with the adverse effects associated with Carbamazepine's side effects vary widly including a potential irreversible agranulocytosis. We experienced and treated a case of agranulocrtosis in a patient who was given Carbamazepine for schizophrenic disorder with abnormal E. E. G. finding. The it is important to undergo the regular hematological monitoring because of the Carbamazepine administration. Therefore it is important to undergo the regular hematological monitoring because of the severity of the hematological adverse effect, though it is rare. And it is also important to discontinue the medication immediately and to treat intensively agranulocytosis.

Z-map을 이용한 공구 포락면 모델링 방법의 비교연구

박정환,정도영 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.1

Z-map is a special form of discrete nonparametric representation in which the height values at grid points on the xy-plane are stored as a 2D array z[i,j]. While Z-map is the simplest form of representing sculptured surfaces and it is the most versatile scheme for modeling nonparametric objects, the application of Z-map to die machining (eg, finish cutting, clean-up cutting) aroused much controversy over its weaknesses; accuracy, singularities (eg, vertical walls), and some excessive storage needs. Although it has such limitations, much research on the application of Z-map can be found in various articles. However, research involving systematic analysis of Z-map to represent CL (cutter location) surfaces for machining is rather rare. Presented in this paper are a few methods of computing CL surface in a Z-map form.

잘못 시술된 선천성 등골 고정증 2예

박기현,송정환,이진석,조민정 대한이비인후과학회 2001 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.44 No.12

한국초등미술에서 종이판화의 실제 문제와 그 대안 연구 : 기법, 판화용구 및 매체 사용을 중심으로

박정환,강창재 광주교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2000 初等敎育硏究 Vol.15 No.1

This report has been studied in order to guide the desirable collagraph producing in art subject in an elementary school. The content of this study was the review of various techniques, forms and teaching aids and their usage. The methods of this study was to research and analyze teacher's actural state of understanding, art teacher's book, the techniques described on teaching aids and their usage. So I can find out the real problems and make an alternative measure through this study. Finally this studty is as follows. First, the collagraph which has alternative quality on the original printmaking techniques has a possibility to extend the range of printmaking in the elementary school. Second, the successful art(expression) activity can be done with the concrete techniques and proper teaching aids and usage. Third, this study inspected the potential of collagraph as a formative art, possibility of teacher's real guidance and educational development through the various techniques and proper teaching aids and usage.

텔레비젼이 어린이의 價値觀 形成에 미치는 影響硏究

朴正圭,全煥盛 청주대학교 사회과학연구소 1984 한국사회과학연구 Vol.2 No.-

Ⅰ. The Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study is to search for the relationships betwen children's television viewing behaviors and their value orientations by controlling the socio-demographics and social-psychological factors as inter-mediating variables. As is well known, almost all of the studies of television impact on children have focused on antisocial behavioral effects through examining only the relationship between TV and children's behaviors without considering the third variable on which relationships between the two former variables are dependent. These kinds of approaches have been criticized in terms of studying the child as an individual system rather than within a system. More recently, some researchers suggest that environment-related and psychological variables must be considered in the studies on the relationships between TV and children. With these problems in mind, the following research questions were examined in this study: 1. What are the relationships between children's television viewing behaviors (such as TV viewing hours, types of favorite programs, channel selector, contingent behaviors while TV viewing, etc.) and their social-psychological factors such as affinity, perceived reality of TV contents, children's perception of their parents' authority and generosity, etc. with their demographics? 2. What are the relationships between children's value orientations and their' television viewing behaviors? 3. What are the similarities or differences between children's value orientations and those depicted in children's favorite TV programs? Ⅱ. Research Method For this research, we used a social survey research method with self-administered questionnaires. Total sample of 1020 children from the 4th to 6th grades were selected nationally on a cluster-randomsampling basis from one of the large-sized cities (Seoul), one of the middle sized cities (Cheong-ju) and three rural areas. While each area was selected on a purposive sampling basis, Sample Schools and classes were selected on a multi-stage stratified random-sampling method. Questionnaires were distributed, filled in and collected together afterwards in each sample class. For final analysis, 90.5% of the samples (N=923) turned out to be valid. For the statistical analysis, complex Chi-square, production moment correlation and multiple regression analysis methods were used according to the statistical purposes. Ⅲ. Summary of Significant Research Findings A. Children's TV Viewing Behaviors: 1. In relation to children's week day TV viewing hours, only the age (grade) variable turned out to be significant. The results show that there are more heavy viewers among 5th grade (12 year old) children than 4th or 6th grade. 2. But for the weekend TV viewing hours, children who are in the categories of large-sized city, small-sized family and 5th grade tend to be heavier viewers than the other categories of children. 3. In regressing TV viewing hours with nine independent variables-degree of necessity of TV perceived by children, TV affinity, perceived reality of TV contents, frequency of communication with their father, types of parents, parents attitudes toward children's TV viewing, usefulness of TV for children's study, parents' generosity, and children's study hours-- the total explanatory power of independent variables was only 2.8% of total variances. So it can be assumed that these nine independent variables do not contribute much to determine children's television viewing hours. But multiple regression analysis shows the ranks of contribution among independent variables to the dependent variable. 4. It was found that 76.5% of the respondents were engaged in some other activities (contingent behaviors) such as working, doing homework, playing, reading comics or newspapers, eating and communicating with family while viewing television. These results suggest that most of the children do not watch TV attentively always. 5. The results show that 33.8% of the respondents are viewing TV alone but 66.2% of the respondents are viewing TV with some of their family members. While children in Seoul and male children tend to watch alone, rural children tend to watch with their brothers or sisters, and female children tend to watch with their mother. 6. When there are some conflicts in channel selecting, the power of channel control are in the order of father, child-himself, elder brothers and younger brothers. These results mean that there is a kind of ranking order to control the TV channel in each family. 7. Even when the child himself does not control the channel, 65% of the repondents continue to watch TV programs that they want to watch in the following ways: they endure watching the program even though they want to watch other programs, or go to some other place watch what they want to, or cry for watching what they want to. 8. It was found that 15.2% of the respondents perceived the types of their panental guidance to their TV viewing as lassez-faire, 37.7% as conditioned lassez-faire, 40.7% as controlled and 6.4% as prohibitive. In the case of the conditioned-lassez-faire type, children can watch TV freely as long as they do their homework, but under the controlled type parents, programs or hours which children can watch are restricted or indicated. The types of parental guidances to children's TV viewing have a certain impact on children't viewing behaviors. The results show that children under lassez-faire type tend to be heavier viewers. 9. Children often discuss about what they have watched on TV with their friends and these tendencies are higher among rural children than among children in Seoul. 10. In regard to program preferences, children usually like programs for children especially television cartoons. But the degree of preference for adult programs are increasing in the case of the large city and in older children. Over all results show that children's TV viewing is largely dependent on preferences for TV cartoons. 11. The major reasons to watch television indicated by children are in the order of entertainment, learning, and information. 12. According to the multiple regression analysis, affinity and respectively, reality of television can be explained at the level of only 3.3% and 4.8% by nine independent variables each. The equations of regresion are as follows: Y (TV affinity) = 1.11 + 0.95×1 (reality) + 0.36×2 (parents' attitude to children's TV viewing) + 0.21×3 (TV viewing hours) = 0.33×4 (frequency of communication with father) + 0.39×5 (usefulness for studying) + 0.51×6 (type of parents) + 0.16×7 (generosity of parents) - 0.16×8 (study hours) - 0.93×9 (necessity of TV) + E and Y (TV reality) = 0.73 + 0.90×1. (necessity of TV) + 0.92×2 (affinity) + 0.19×3 (TV viewing hours) + 0.22×4 (type of parents) - 0.25×5 (study hours) + 0.26×6 (generosity of parents) + 0.12×7 (frequency of communication with father) + 0.91×8 (usefulness for studying) + 0.54×9 (parents' attitude to children's TV viewing) + E. 13. It was found that children themselves perceived the psychological effects of identification, arousal, and retention to be higher than those of behavioral effects of imitation or modeling. 14. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis suggests .that there were positive correlations between necessity of TV/usefulness for studying (r=0.42, p<0.0001), weekday TV viewing/weekend TV viewing (r=0.34, p<0.001), TV reality/necessity of TV (r=0.17, p< 0.001), parents, generosity/frequency of communication with father (r=0.16, p<0.001) weekend TV viewing/necessity of TV (r=0.14, p<0.001), TV reality/affinity (r=0.12, p<0.001), and negative correlations between type of parents/generosity (r= -0.12, p<0.001), type of parents/necessity of TV (r=-0.006, p<0.05), and frequency of communication with father/TV affinity (r=-0.06, p<0.05). B. Children's Life-Style and Value Orientations 1. The research shows what children in Korea study about 2 hours and 18 minutes a day on the average, and girls and children living in cities study harder than boys and children living in the rural areas. 2. Children's major consultants when they have difficult problems are according to the following order: older brothers and sisters, their friends, and their fathers. The selection of consultant is related to the TV viewing hours; on weekdays, heavy viewers tend to consult their older brothers and sisters and light viewers ask their mother's advice, while on the weekend, heavy viewers tend to consult their mother but light viewing children tend to select their fathers as their consultant. These differences in viewing hours reflect the differences in life style. Therefore, it is understood that the family life pattern has an important impact on children's TV viewing behaviors. 3. The most favored jobs that children want to have in the future are … in order of preference … school teachers, scientists, athletes, and medical doctors. These prefered future jobs are closely related to weekend TV viewing. According to the research, while the heavy viewers mostly want to be scientists in the future, the light viewers prefer to be school teachers. This suggests that TV viewing has some impact on children's orientations toward occupation. Those orientations are also influenced by such variables as family structures, resident conditions and sex. Considered from this point of view, future studies on the relationships between children's value and TV viewing have to be made in the direction of measuring the degree of contribution that TV makes to the children. 4. The research also shows the fact that children's most admired personal model figures are their parents, and the image of their parents as objects of respect is high in the rural area and low in the urban area. And more children,living in big cities tend to select their respectable model figures from politicians and scientists, compared with those in the rural area. 5. Considered in terms of the amount of TV viewing, light viewers tend to place their highest values on the family and individual factors such as life, health and happiness. However, heavy viewers are inclined to think more of universal and social value such as freedom than light viewers do. Also the heavy viewers. tend to place their highest value on love, filial piety, patriotism and friendship in order to get along with others in the world. From the overall research results, we can come to the conclusion that children's value orientations are not made only by TV but are more influenced by fundamental social agents such as home and school.

프로타쥬 기법을 이용한 다색판화 연구 : 초·중등 판화교육 중심으로

박정환 光州敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 2002 初等敎育硏究 Vol.17 No.-

'Frottage-Colour Printmaking' is colour printmaking by utilizing frottage method. The study on 'Frottage-Colour Printmaking' examined the working type and the features of expression in the colour printmaking. As a result, this study offered the opportunity to solve the real problem of the colour printmaking education. Also, through the making test of 'Frottage-Colour Printmaking', the presentation of real works and the analysis and the verification showed the result which could solve the problems of colour printmaking education in the art curriculum of school in Korea. In addition, this study suggested that the various methods of expression in 'Frottage-Colour Printmaking' could substitute the existing colour printmaking. Moreover, this study made it possible not only to confirm the extension of colour printmaking but to establish the educational significance of 'Frottage-Colour Printmaking'.

직물의 구조인자와 태 및 역학특성과의 상관관계

박정환 동의대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 生活科學論集 Vol.4 No.-

The Mechanical properties of woven fabrics which have different blend ratio and weight were measured by the KES-FB system, and hand values were calculated. The difference of hand values and mechanical properties for the change of blend ratio and the weight were inspected, and also discussed the mechanical properties which influenced on the hand values and total hand values. And the relation between mechanical properties and hand values, cloth density were discussed.