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BUSINESS MODEL OF GREEN CROWDFUNDING: BUILDING SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY THROUGH CONSUMER INVOLVEMENT
Natalia Maehle,Ingeborg A. Kleppe,Natalia Drozdova 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07
Green crowdfunding – fundraising for green initiatives – has become a growing source of alternative finance for sustainable entrepreneurs. The current paper explores the business model of green crowdfunding from three perspectives, i.e. funders, founders and platform. We pay special attention to how green crowdfunding extends consumers‘ involvement in sustainable economy.
Adjuvant therapy with 1% alendronate gel for experimental periodontitis treatment in rats
de Campos Kajimoto, Natalia,de Paiva Buischi, Yvonne,Loomer, Peter Michael,Bromage, Timothy G.,Ervolino, Edilson,Fucini, Stephen Enrico,Pola, Natalia Marcumini,Pirovani, Beatriz Ommati,Morabito, Maria Korean Academy of Periodontology 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.-
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of locally delivered 1% alendronate (ALN) gel used as an adjunct to non-invasive periodontal therapy. Methods: Ligature-induced periodontitis was performed in 96 rats. The ligature was tied in the cervical area of the mandibular left first molar. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) NT, no treatment; 2) SRP, scaling and root planning; 3) SRP/PLA, SRP followed by filling the periodontal pocket with placebo gel (PLA); and 4) SRP/ALN, SRP followed by filling the periodontal pockets with 1% ALN gel. Histomorphometric (percentage of bone in the furcation region [PBF]) and immunohistochemical (receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed, with the threshold of statistical significance set at P≤0.05. Results: The SRP, SRP/PLA, and SRP/ALN groups presented a higher PBF than the NT group (P≤0.01) at 7, 15, and 30 days. The SRP/ALN group presented a higher PBF than the SRP/PLA group in all experimental periods, as well as a higher PBF than the SRP group at 15 and 30 days. No differences were observed in the immunohistochemical analyses (P>0.05 for all). Conclusions: Locally delivered 1% ALN gel used as an adjunct to SRP enhanced bone regeneration in the furcation region in a rat model of experimental periodontitis.
Natalia Hagau,Dan Longrois,Cristina Petrisor 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.5 No.6
Purpose: Basophil activation occurs both in patients with immediate hypersensitivity reactions to anti-inflammatory drugs and in healthy controlsin a dose-dependent manner. Our aims were to define the optimal basophil activation test (BAT) concentration and the threshold for BAT positivityfor dipyrone. Methods: From 45 patients with a positive history of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction to dipyrone, we found 20 patients withdipyrone-induced anaphylaxis demonstrating positive skin tests. All selected patients, as well as 10 healthy controls, were tested in vivo and in vitro. BAT was performed using Flow 2CAST technique with three low dipyrone concentrations: 25 μg/mL (c1), 2.5 μg/mL (c2) and 0.25 μg/mL (c3). Thethreshold for BAT positivity was established using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Using ROC curve analysis thehighest area under curve, 0.79 (0.63-0.95) (P<0.01), was found for c3. When the highest stimulation indexes from the three concentrations for eachpatient were used, ROC curve analysis revealed an area under curve of 0.81 (0.65-0.96) (P<0.01), sensitivity and specificity were 0.70 and 1 and theoptimal threshold value for BAT positivity was 1.71. Thirteen patients had a positive BAT for at least one of the tested dipyrone concentrations. Allhealthy controls presented negative BAT. Conclusions: BAT might be a useful technique to diagnose dipyrone allergy, provided all three low dipyroneconcentrations are used together. With an assay-specific threshold of 1.71, ROC curve analysis yields 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
Can Monetary Union Enhance Banking Competition?: A Multicase Study
Natalia Utrero-Gonzlez,Francisco J. Callado-Muoz 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2007 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.22 No.1
This paper investigates empirically the extent to which the ten new EU countriesare ready to join the European Monetary Union (EMU). Using France andGermany as a benchmark, we asses the prospects of succesful EMUparticipation based on common trends analysis of the nominal convergencecriteria as well as on real exchange rates and real per capita GDPs. Theempirical results indicate that the new EU countries are partially ready to join theeurozone, and need further adjustments in their government policies to be fullyprepared for joining the EMU.JEL Classification: F15, F33, F42
Advent of a new civilization project: Eurasia in – U.S. out?
Natalia Eremina 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2016 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.7 No.2
International relations present the picture of integration and disintegration processes in vast territories stimulating different types of states' unions that have become the key points of international relations. Therefore the bulk of questions should be referred to the relationships between the states and the territory. This approach creates a geopolitical paradox revealing that the states' positions depend exactly on the territory and their geographical disposition, for instance, on distance from each other. So, the idea of shared territory and history allowed many European states to build up the European Union (EU). And now we are witnessing the same integration processes in the territory of ex-the USSR (Eurasian Economic Union), which is open for huge international actors like China, India and so on. It is of crucial importance to notify that these two international integration projects are in the territory of Eurasia. At the same time the majority of the EU member states are also connected with or even integrated into another international organization – NATO – with the United States (US) as the head and leader. It makes a clear division between the Atlantic macro-region and the Pacific macro-region underlying the role of the US in the contemporary international system. This role is unique but often hasty and irresponsible. Observation of the US's foreign politics through a geographical approach gives a perfect explanation of that. The US is simply geographically remote (despite the jet planes) from these two integration unions (from Eurasia) that allows them to feel the hegemon and influence the international processes there being at a distance. Therefore the main question nowadays is if the US can sustain their world leadership they have been claiming for, and that is what we aim to address in this article.
Natalia Puzio,Cezary Purwin,Zenon Nogalski,Ireneusz Bialobrzewski,Lukasz Tomczyk,Jacek P Michalski 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.8
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of age and gender (bull vs steer) on feeding behavior parameters in young beef cattle fed grass silage. Methods: The study was conducted on 180 young beef cattle at 7 to 18 mo of age. The experimental materials comprised 90 bulls produced by commercial crossing of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows with Charolais, Limousin and Hereford bulls (30 animals of each breed) and 90 steers of the same genotypes. The animals had ad libitum access to grass silage; the concentrate was fed separately, in feed stations. They received 28 g dry matter of concentrate per kg of metabolic body weight per day. Bunk visit data and silage intake for all experimental animals were recorded individually using the Roughage Intake Control system (5 feed bunks per 15 animals). Results: Age and gender (bull vs steer) exerted significant effects on the feeding behavior of young beef cattle. The frequency of bunk visits and meal frequency decreased, whereas the feeding rate of silage, and the average duration and size of a single meal increased with age (p<0.01). Bunk attendance and meal frequency were higher (p<0.01) in steers than in bulls (49.1 vs 37.4 visits/d, and 8.63 vs 7.99 meals/d, respectively). Daily feeding time was longer in steers than in bulls (102.3 vs 100.3 min/d, respectively), but the feeding rate of silage was lower in steers, and their meals were smaller in size and shorter in duration (p<0.01). Daily silage dry matter intake was higher (p<0.01) in bulls than in steers (4.62 vs 4.47 kg/d, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that age and gender (bull vs steer) exerted significant effects on the feeding behavior of young beef cattle.