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Nam Hyeri,Kim Boil,Lee Younghwan,Choe Han Kyoung,Yu Seong-Woon 한국뇌신경과학회 2023 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.32 No.4
Circadian rhythm is a 24-hour cycle of behavioral and physiological changes. Disrupted sleep-wake patterns and circadian dysfunction are common in patients of Alzheimer Disease (AD) and are closely related with neuroinflammation. However, it is not well known how circadian rhythm of immune cells is altered during the progress of AD. Previously, we found presenilin 2 (Psen2 ) N141I mutation, one of familial AD (FAD) risk genes, induces hyperimmunity through the epigenetic repression of REV-ERBα expression in microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) cells. Here, we investigated whether repression of REV-ERBα is associated with dysfunction of immune cell-endogenous or central circadian rhythm by analyses of clock genes expression and cytokine secretion, bioluminescence recording of rhythmic PER2::LUC expression, and monitoring of animal behavioral rhythm. Psen2 N141I mutation down-regulated REV-ERBα and induced selective over-production of IL-6 (a well-known clock-dependent cytokine) following the treatment of toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands in microglia, astrocytes, and BMDM. Psen2 N141I mutation also lowered amplitude of intrinsic daily oscillation in these immune cells representatives of brain and periphery. Of interest, however, the period of daily rhythm remained intact in immune cells. Furthermore, analyses of the central clock and animal behavioral rhythms revealed that central clock remained normal without down-regulation of REV-ERBα. These results suggest that Psen2 N141I mutation induces hyperimmunity mainly through the suppression of REV-ERBα in immune cells, which have lowered amplitude but normal period of rhythmic oscillation. Furthermore, our data reveal that central circadian clock is not affected by Psen2 N141I mutation.
Seok Hyeri,Park Dae Won,Kim Kwang Nam,Kim Min Ja,Kim Sung-Han,Kim Jeong Yeon,Park Su Eun,Park Se Yoon,Eun Byung Wook,Lee Mi Suk,장현하,Jung Hyungul,Jeong Hye Won,Jo Soo-Nam,Chin Bum Sik,Choi Young Hwa,Ch 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.3
During the 2019 domestic measles outbreak in Korea, measles occurred in healthcare workers with two doses of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, and the strict application of the Occupational Safety and Health Act required medical institutions to identify healthcare workers' immunity to measles and vaccinate the susceptible pockets. In response to the frontline medical institutions' request to review the measles recommendations and guidelines, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases held a roundtable discussion on the causes of measles outbreak, timing of vaccinations, antibody tests, and booster vaccinations for healthcare workers, and financial support from the government and municipality as well as response strategies against the outbreak in healthcare settings. In Korea, the seroprevalence of measles is decreasing in the vaccine-induced immunity group during the maintenance of measles elimination over several years. The susceptible group against measles is in their 20s and 30s, and this may be because of waning immunity rather than non-response considering Korea's vaccine policy. The risk of measles nosocomial infection from community increases as these susceptible pockets actively engage in medical institutions. Thus, data on the immunity of low seroprevalence group in Korea are needed, further discussion is needed on the booster vaccination based on the data. Especially, antibody testing and vaccination in healthcare workers may be necessary to prevent the spread of measles in medical insutitutions, and further discussion is needed regarding specific testing methods, and the timing and frequency of test and vaccination.
( Miju Cho ),( Hyeri Lee ),( Min Hee Hwang ),( Young-keun Cheong ),( Chon-sik Kang ),( Nam Taek Lee ),( Namhyun Chung ) 한국응용생명화학회 2017 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.60 No.1
Although wheat is a common staple food in the world, some people suffer from a variety of wheat allergies. For example, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis is induced in the gastrointestinal tract by wheat proteins. Relatively high molecular weight proteins that are salt-insoluble induce many wheat allergies. In the present study, we investigated the induction of an allergy response using crude wheat proteins, which are relatively low molecular weight, salt-soluble proteins. The crude antigen used in this study was extracted using phosphate buffered saline. When the antigen extracts from various wheat cultivars were orally administered, differentiable degrees of allergy responses were observed as measured by serum IgE and histamine secretion compared to the control. Serum IgE levels increased following administration of three of the wheat extracts. This evidence suggests that a combination of salt-soluble wheat proteins could be antigens for the induction of various allergy responses.
Koh, Kyung-Nam,Im, Ho Joon,Kim, Hyery,Kang, Hyoung Jin,Park, Kyung Duk,Shin, Hee Young,Ahn, Hyo Seop,Lee, Ji Won,Yoo, Keon Hee,Sung, Ki Woong,Koo, Hong Hoe,Lim, Young Tak,Park, Jun Eun,Park, Byung-Kiu KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.32 No.4
<P>This multicenter, prospective trial was conducted to develop an effective and safe reinduction regimen for marrow-relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by modifying the dose of idarubicin. Between 2006 and 2009, the trial accrued 44 patients, 1 to 21 years old with first marrow-relapsed ALL. The reinduction regimen comprised prednisolone, vincristine, L-asparaginase, and idarubicin (10 mg/m<SUP>2</SUP>/week). The idarubicin dose was adjusted according to the degree of myelosuppression. The second complete remission (CR2) rate was 72.7%, obtained by 54.2% of patients with early relapse < 24 months after initial diagnosis and 95.0% of those with late relapse (<I>P</I> = 0.002). Five patients entered remission with extended treatment, resulting in a final CR2 rate of 84.1%. The CR2 rate was not significantly different according to the idarubicin dose. The induction death rate was 2.3% (1/44). The 5-year event-free and overall survival rates were 22.2% ± 6.4% and 27.3% ± 6.7% for all patients, 4.2% ± 4.1% and 8.3% ± 5.6% for early relapsers, and 43.8% ± 11.4% and 50.0% ± 11.2% for late relapsers, respectively. Early relapse and slow response to reinduction chemotherapy were predictors of poor outcomes. In conclusion, a modified dose of idarubicin was effectively incorporated into the reinduction regimen for late marrow-relapsed ALL with a low toxic death rate. However, the CR2 rate for early relapsers was suboptimal, and the second remission was not durable in most patients.</P>
Translocator protein (TSPO): the new story of the old protein in neuroinflammation
( Younghwan Lee ),( Youngjin Park ),( Hyeri Nam ),( Ji-won Lee ),( Seong-woon Yu ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2020 BMB Reports Vol.53 No.1
Translocator protein (TSPO), also known as peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, is a transmembrane protein located on the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM) and mainly expressed in glial cells in the brain. Because of the close correlation of its expression level with neuropathology and therapeutic efficacies of several TSPO binding ligands under many neurological conditions, TSPO has been regarded as both biomarker and therapeutic target, and the biological functions of TSPO have been a major research focus. However, recent genetic studies with animal and cellular models revealed unexpected results contrary to the anticipated biological importance of TSPO and cast doubt on the action modes of the TSPO-binding drugs. In this review, we summarize recent controversial findings on the discrepancy between pharmacological and genetic studies of TSPO and suggest some future direction to understand this old and mysterious protein. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(1): 20-27]
Woojung Jeon,Young Kwon Koh,Sunghan Kang,Hyery Kim,Kyung-Nam Koh,Ho Joon Im 대한혈액학회 2022 Blood Research Vol.57 No.1
Background Aggressive mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children. The outcome of chemotherapy for B-NHL has improved over decades. Methods We reviewed 82 children and adolescents with B-NHL diagnosed at Asan Medical Center between 1993 and 2020. The D-COMP/COMP (daunomycin–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone), Pediatric Oncology Group (POG)-9219/9315/ 9317, R-CHOP/CHOP (rituximab–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone), and Lymphomes Malins B 89 (LMB89)/LMB96 regimens were administered. In 2018, rituximab was added to the LMB protocol (R-LMB) for advanced- staged Burkitt lymphoma (BL). The patients’ clinical features and treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results The most common subtype was BL (61%), followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (35%). The median age was 7.8 (range, 1.3‒16.4) years, and the most frequently used regimen was French‒American‒British (FAB)/LMB96 (58 patients, 70.7%). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 92.5% and 85.7%, respectively. The EFS rates of patients with BL and DLBCL were 90.0% and 79.3%, respectively. Among the FAB/LMB risk groups, group C (85.7%) had a significantly lower 5-year OS (P =0.037). Eleven events occurred (6 relapses, 3 deaths, and 2 secondary malignancies) during the median follow-up of 7.1 (range, 3.7‒118.5) months. Two patients treated with R-LMB had good outcomes without complications. Conclusion Various treatment regimens have favorable outcomes in pediatric patients with B-NHL. However, further studies are needed to improve survival in high-risk patients. In addition, careful monitoring for acute toxicity or secondary malignancy due to intensive multidrug chemotherapy is required.
Management of Hepatoblastoma in the Modern Era and Future Perspectives
Jin Kyung Suh,Sunghan Kang,Hyery Kim,Kyung-Nam Koh,Ho Joon Im 대한소아혈액종양학회 2020 Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Vol.27 No.1
Hepatoblastoma is the most common malignant hepatic tumor in infants and young children and accounts for approximately 1% of all pediatric malignancies. A treatment strategy incorporating chemotherapy and surgical resection has evolved based on the results of the multicenter clinical trials performed by the major liver study groups during the last two decades and led to significantly improved survival outcomes. The alpha-fetoprotein level, PRE-Treatment EXTent tumor stage, and histological category are well-known prognostic factors that are used for risk stratification. Platinum-based chemotherapy regimens are effective in terms of increasing the likelihood of surgical resectability. Refinement of surgical techniques and the advent of liver transplantation have improved the outcomes in patients with advanced tumors. However, the optimal treatment strategy for advanced hepatoblastoma remains unclear. Unanswered questions include the optimal timing and indications for pulmonary metastasectomy and when the surgical strategy should be complex liver resection or liver transplantation. The major liver study groups have now formed a global coalition known as the Children’s Hepatic tumors International Collaboration and developed an international staging system. The aim of this article is to review current treatment strategies of hepatoblastoma focusing on high risk patients.
Fecal microbiome shifts by different forms of copper supplementations in growing pigs
( Minji Kim ),( Jae Hyoung Cho ),( Pil-nam Seong ),( Hyunjung Jung ),( Jin Young Jeong ),( Sheena Kim ),( Hyeri Kim ),( Eun Sol Kim ),( Gi Beom Keum ),( Robin B. Guevarra ),( Hyeun Bum Kim ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.6
Copper is an essential mineral for pigs, thus it is used as a feed additive in the forms of copper sulfate. Therefore, this study aimed at characterizing the fecal microbiota shifts in pigs as fed by different forms of copper supplementation. 40 growing pigs aged 73 ± 1 days with an average weight of 30.22 ± 1.92kg were randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group (CON) fed with basal diet, while treatment groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 100 ppm/kg of copper sulfate (CuSO<sub>4</sub>), Cu-glycine complex (CuGly), Cu-amino acid complex (CuAA), and Cu-hydroxy(4methylthio)butanoate chelate complex (CuHMB) for 28 days of trial, respectively. The data presented the comparison between inorganic and organic copper supplementation through gut microbiota in growing pigs. Alpha and Beta diversity anaylsis resulted in copper supplementation did shifted gut microbioal community structure. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant phyla at all times regardless of treatment. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Megasphaera, and SMB53 of the CuGly and CuHMB groups were significantly higher than those of copper sulfate and basal diet groups. Overall, this study may provide the potential role of organic copper replacing inorganic copper, resulting in increased beneficial bacteria in the pig gut.