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Muhammad RAZA(Muhammad RAZA ),Jin-Kwon KIM(Jin-Kwon KIM),Tony-Donghui AHN(Tony-Donghui AHN) 국제융합경영학회 2023 융합경영연구 Vol.11 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between characteristics of social media sites (SNS) and the intention of Pakistani tourists to visit South Korea while determining the role of usefulness, interestingness, and involvement of tourists. Research design, data and methodology: A research model was developed through the previous research, and the questioner-based survey was conducted on Pakistani tourists visiting Korea. The survey data was collected by following multiple hypotheses: the relationship between SNS tourism information and perception of SNS, the relationship between SNS perception and intention to visit, and adjustment of involvement in the relation between tourism information characteristics, and SNS perception. We used SPSS and AMOS24.0 statistical tools to analyze the hypothesis testing data. Results: Based on the data analysis, the study found that the characteristics of SNS have a positive effect on intention to visit via users’ perception like usefulness and interestingness. The involvement has a moderating effect between SNS characteristics and users’ perception. In the group with high involvement, the degree of influence of the quality factor of SNS on user perception was greater than in the group with low involvement. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that traveler's involvement has a moderating effect on the relationship between SNS characteristics and visit intention for Pakistani travelers visiting Korea. It shows that practitioners or researchers should establish and operate SNS strategies in consideration of user involvement.
Recent developments in analytical quantitation approaches for parabens in human-associated samples
Raza, Nadeem,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Abdullah, Muhammad,Raza, Waseem,Brown, Richard J.C. Elsevier 2018 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.98 No.-
<P>Parabens are an important class of antimicrobial compounds used as preservatives. Although they are considered to be safe when used within specified concentration limits, concerns about their potential toxicity have been raised due to their presence in cancerous breast tissues and their association with estrogenic activity, various kinds of allergies, and the malfunctioning of reproductive organs. The small quantities of parabens in human samples and complex nature of biological matrices make it difficult to determine free and/or conjugated forms of parabens and their metabolites. Consequently, it is desirable to develop sophisticated approaches for their sample pretreatments and subsequent determination. This review presents recent developments in the extraction, pre-concentration, and instrumental detection methods needed for the accurate quantification of parabens in human samples. This review is thus expected to help readers assess the potential impacts of parabens on human health through proper description of their exposure routes to human. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Raza, Syed Abbas,Karim, Muhammad Ramzan Abdul,Shehbaz, Tauheed,Taimoor, Aqeel Ahmad,Ali, Rashid,Khan, Muhammad Imran The Korean Electrochemical Society 2022 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.13 No.2
In the present study, the corrosion behavior of aluminum Al-7075 tempered (T-6 condition) alloy was evaluated by immersion testing and electrochemical testing in 1.75% and 3.5% NaCl environment at acidic, neutral and basic pH. The data obtained by both immersion tests and electrochemical corrosion tests (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests) present that the corrosion rate of the alloy specimens is minimum for the pH=7 condition of the solution due to the formation of dense and well adherent thin protective oxide layer. Whereas the solutions with acidic and alkaline pH cause shift in the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy to more active domains aggravated by the constant flux of acidic and alkaline ions (Cl<sup>-</sup> and OH<sup>-</sup>) in the media which anodically dissolve the Al matrix in comparison to precipitated intermetallic phases (cathodic in nature) formed due to T6 treatment. Consequently, the pitting behavior of the alloy, as observed by cyclic polarization tests, shifts to more active regions when pH of the solutions changes from neutral to alkaline environment due to localized dissolution of the matrix in alkaline environment that ingress by diffusion through the pores in the oxide film. Microscopic analysis also strengthens the results obtained by immersion corrosion testing and electrochemical corrosion testing as the study examines the corrosion behavior of this alloy under a systematic evaluation in marine environment.
Muhammad Asim Raza,Nafisa Gull,이세원,Kamala-Kannan Seralathan,Sang Hyun Park 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.109 No.-
In this work, chitosan and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) based (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS)crosslinked hydrogels were prepared for application in drug delivery systems. The swelling behavior indistilled water started to increase until the crosslinker concentration reached the optimum level. Themost significant swelling characteristic is noticed in buffer solutions, with higher swelling in an acidicmedium and lower swelling in a neutral or basic medium. Morphological studies showed the porousand network structure of specimens, which determines the swelling and release characteristics. Hydrogels manifested antimicrobial characteristics against Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes)and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) bacterial strains. The cell viability against RAW 264.7 celllines was >90%, and at higher concentrations, the hydrogels showed anti-cancer efficacy against stomachcancerous AGS cell lines. In vitro drug release analysis of benzocaine in phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4)and simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) showed >90% release within 2 h. These stimuli-responsive hydrogelsshow enhanced antimicrobial characteristics, biocompatibility, and anti-cancer efficacy, as well ascapability of drug release in a controlled manner, which makes them remarkable candidates for use insustainable drug delivery systems.
Raza, Rabia,Saeed, Aamer,Arif, Mubeen,Mahmood, Shamsul,Muddassar, Muhammad,Raza, Ahsan,Iqbal, Jamshed Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Chemical biology & drug design Vol.80 No.4
<P>On the basis of the observed biological activity of the coumarins, a new set of 3‐thiazolocoumarinyl Schiff‐base derivatives with chlorine, hydroxy and methoxy functional group substitutions were designed and synthesized. These compounds were tested against acetylcholinesterase from <I>Electrophorus electricus</I> and butyrylcholinesterase from horse serum and their structure–activity relationship was established. Studies revealed them as the potential inhibitors of cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase). The <B>3f</B> was found to be most potent against acetylcholinesterase with <I>K</I><SUB>i</SUB> value of 1.05 ± 0.3 μ<SMALL>m</SMALL> and <B>3l</B> showed excellent inhibitory action against butyrylcholinesterase with <I>K</I><SUB>i</SUB> value of 0.041 ± 0.002 μ<SMALL>m</SMALL>. The synthesized compounds were also docked into the active sites of the homology models of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase to predict the binding modes of these compounds. It was predicted that most of the compounds have similar binding modes with reasonable binding affinities. Our docking studies have also shown that these synthesized compounds have better interaction patterns with butyrylcholinesterase over acetylcholinesterase. The main objective of the study was to develop new potent and selective compounds, which might be further optimized to prevent the progression of the Alzheimer’s disease and could provide symptomatic treatment.</P>
Muhammad Hayat,Nadeem Raza,Umair Jamal,Suryyia Manzoor,Naseem Abbas,Muhammad Imran Khan,Jechan Lee,Richard J. C. Brown,김기현 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.109 No.-
As a key member of benzoylurea insecticides, lufenuron exhibits a strong potential for bioaccumulationin ecosystems. Here, we report the synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and its applicationfor selective extraction of lufenuron from agricultural runoff samples. The morphology and thermalstability of the prepared MIP was characterized by SEM and TGA, respectively. The experimental conditionsfor lufenuron detection were optimized through batch binding assay and response surface methodology(RSM). The MIP showcased a two-fold enhancement in binding capacity of lufenuron (74 mg g1)relative to non-imprinted polymer (36 mg g1), when measured through batch binding assay. Using aRSM based on central composite design, the qe value was predicted as 73.6 mg g1 under optimal experimentalconditions (e.g., pH 8). Furthermore, the percentage recovery of lufenuron was estimated as98.8 ± 1.8% (n = 9). The adsorption kinetics of the MIP followed the pseudo-first-order model with v2value of 0.004 (correlation coefficient of 0.99). The limit of detection for lufenuron using MIP-basedmethod was 3 106 mg mL1. There was no significant decrease in the performance of MIP against lufenuronover five successive cycles.
Leveraging Proxy Mobile IPv6 with SDN
RAZA SYED MUHAMMAD,Dongsoo S. Kim,신동렬,추현승 한국통신학회 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.3
The existing Proxy Mobile IPv6 suffers from a long handoverlatency which in turn causes significant packet loss that isunacceptable for seamless realtime services such as multimediastreaming. This paper proposes an OpenFlow-enabled proxy mobileIPv6 (OF-PMIPv6) in which the control of access gateways iscentralized at an OpenFlow controller of a foreign network. Theproposed OF-PMIPv6 separates the control path from the datapath by performing the mobility control at the controller, whereasthe data path remains direct between a mobile access gateway anda local mobility anchor in an IP tunnel form. A group of simpleOpenFlow-enabled access gateways performs link-layer controland monitoring activities to support a comprehensive mobility ofmobile nodes, and communicates with the controller through thestandard OpenFlow protocol. The controller performs networklayermobility control on behalf of mobile access gateways andcommunicates with the local mobility anchor in the Proxy MobileIPv6 domain. Benefiting from the centralized view and information,the controller caches the authentication and configurationinformation and reuses it to significantly reduce the handover latency. An analytical analysis of the proposed OF-PMIPv6 reactiveand proactive handover schemes shows 43% and 121% reductionin the handover latency, respectively, for highly utilized network. The results gathered from the OF-PMIPv6 testbed suggestsimilar performance improvements.
FSRP: Fast Service Data Retrieval Protocol For IP-USN
Muhammad Taqi Raza H. M.,Syed Rehan Afzel,Chung Tae-Sun,Seung-wha Yoo,Ki-Hyung Kim 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
IP-Ubiquitous Sensor Network (IP-USN) is a network composed of smart sensor nodes that are small, low power and limited memory devices, connected with the internet over IPv6, and capable of environment sensing, data computing and wireless communication among the sensor nodes. Energy conservation is the major issue in the sensor network paradigm, because lower energy cost increases the overall life time of the sensor network. IP-USN wide range of applications in scientific, medical, commercial, and military domain, stands out service discovery role from all. Sensor nodes need to store some amount of service information due to the fact that timely querying for service data decreases the network performance. So in this paper, we proposed an efficient service data retrieval protocol that stores the information about the services which are more often than not, resulting fast data retrieval possible under low energy costs. We also discussed the performance between SD protocol with and without FSRP implementation.