Tracking of Moving Objects Using Morphological Segmentation, Statistical Moments and Hough Transform

Muhammad Bilal Ahmad,Min Hyuk Chang,Park JongAn 제어로봇시스템학회 2003 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.10

Thermoelectric Properties of Metallic Antiperovskites AXD3 (A=Ge, Sn, Pb, Al, Zn, Ga; X=N, C; D=Ca, Fe, Co)

Muhammad Bilal,Iftikhar Ahmad,Saeid Jalali Asadabadi,Rashid Ahmad,Muhammad Maqbool 대한금속·재료학회 2015 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.11 No.3

In this paper we communicate the thermoelectric properties of carbon and nitrogen based metallic antiperovskites ANCa3 (A=Ge, Sn, Pb), BCFe3 (B=Al, Zn, Ga) and SnCD3 (D=Co and Fe) using the ab-initio calculations to explore efficient metallic thermoelectric materials. The consistency of the calculated results of SnCCo3 and SnCFe3 with the experimental results confirms the reliability of our theoretical calculations for the other investigated metallic antiperovskites. The results indicate that the thermopower of these materials can be enhanced by changing the chemical potential. The dimensionless figure of merit for the three nitrides approaches 0.96 at room temperature, which proves the usefulness of these materials in thermoelectric generators. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity is minimum at room temperature for chemical potential values between −0.25 μ(eV) and 0.25 μ(eV), and provides the maximum values of dimensionless figure of merit in this range. The striking feature of these studies is identifying a metallic compound, SnNCa3, with the highest value of Seebeck coefficient at room temperature out of all metals. The results anticipate that these materials could be efficient in thermoelectric generators; however, this needs experimental verification.

Human health implications, risk assessment and remediation of As-contaminated water: A critical review

Shakoor, Muhammad Bilal,Nawaz, Rab,Hussain, Fida,Raza, Maimoona,Ali, Shafaqat,Rizwan, Muhammad,Oh, Sang-Eun,Ahmad, Sajjad Elsevier 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.601 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring metalloid and Class-A human carcinogen. Exposure to As via direct intake of As-contaminated water or ingestion of As-contaminated edible crops is considered a life threatening problem around the globe. Arsenic-laced drinking water has affected the lives of over 200 million people in 105 countries worldwide. Limited data are available on various health risk assessment models/frameworks used to predict carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects caused by As-contaminated water. Therefore, this discussion highlights the need for future research focusing on human health risk assessment of individual As species (both organic and inorganic) present in As-contaminated water. Various conventional and latest technologies for remediation of As-contaminated water are also reviewed along with a discussion of the fate of As-loaded waste and sludge.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Arsenic is recognized as a Class-A human carcinogen. </LI> <LI> Groundwater As contamination has affected over 200 million people worldwide. </LI> <LI> This paper reviews current knowledge regarding As in the environment. </LI> <LI> A critical assessment of remediation of contaminated water is presented. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Plasmonic effects and size relation of gold-platinum alloy nanoparticles

Jawad, Muhammad,Ali, Shazia,Waseem, Amir,Rabbani, Faiz,Amin, Bilal Ahmad Zafar,Bilal, Muhammad,Shaikh, Ahson J. Techno-Press 2019 Advances in nano research Vol.7 No.3

Plasmonic effects of gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles (Au-Pt NPs) and their comparison to size was studied. Various factors including ratios of gold and platinum salt, temperature, pH and time of addition of reducing agent were studied for their effect on particle size. The size of gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles increases with increasing concentration of Pt NPs. Temperature dependent synthesis of gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles shows decrease in size at higher temperature while at lower temperature agglomeration occurs. For pH dependent synthesis of Au-Pt nanoparticles, size was found to be increased by increase in pH from 4 to 10. Increasing the time of addition of reducing agent for synthesis of pure and gold-platinum alloy nanoparticles shows gradual increase in size as well as increase in heterogeneity of nanoparticles. The size and elemental analysis of Au-Pt nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and EDX techniques.

Linking Emotional Brand Attachment and Sales Promotion to Post-Purchase Cognitive Dissonance: The Mediating Role of Impulse Buying Behavior

Muhammad Imad Ud Din AKBAR,Bilal AHMAD,Mirza Huzaifa ASIF,Shahid Ali SIDDIQUI 한국유통과학회 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.11

The primary objective of this research is to develop a better understanding of consumer’s post-purchase psychological state by examining the influence of sales promotion and emotional brand attachment on post-purchase cognitive dissonance, taking into account the mediating role of impulse buying behavior. The current study addresses several gaps in literature. Firstly, it is hard to find the direct impact of sales promotion and emotional brand attachment on post-purchase cognitive dissonance. Secondly, to the best of our knowledge, few studies have investigated the mediating role of impulse buying behavior in consumer research. A sample of 256 respondents was collected from Pakistani retail consumers. The statistical findings of this study show that sales promotion has a significant positive effect on the impulse buying behavior and post-purchase cognitive dissonance. Furthermore, results indicate that emotional brand attachment has a negative influence on impulse buying behavior but has a significant positive impact on post-purchase cognitive dissonance. Meanwhile, impulse buying behavior is a potential mediator between sales promotion, emotional brand attachment, and post-purchase cognitive dissonance relationships. The moderating role of Gender describes that the positive relationship between sales promotion and post-purchase cognitive dissonance will be stronger for women as compared to men at a higher level of sales promotion.

Intrusion Detection by Using Hybrid of Decision Tree And K-Nearest Neighbor

Bilal Ahmad,Wang Jian,Muhammad Shafiq 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.12

In the modern age of information technology security of valuable asset become much important issue. Intrusion detection system plays a most important role in this area. It protects the system by attacks or threats by unauthorized access or person. The previous study has identified the need for more enhancements in the research of intrusion detection. This study gives the outline for intrusion detection and proposed a hybrid classification based method based on Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbor. This experiment perform on the bases of cross-10 fold validation techniques on the basis of decision tree and KNN classifiers and proposed hybrid classifier by using KDD cup dataset. Experimental result shows that the proposed idea gives good result as compared to individual base algorithms

Mechanical and thermal properties of carboxymethyl fibers (CMF)/PVA based nanocomposite membranes

Muhammad Bilal Khan Niazi,Zaib Jahan,Arooj Ahmed,Bushra Uzair,Ahmad Mukhtar,Øyvind Weiby Gregersen 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.90 No.-

Carboxymethylfibers (CMF) of cellulose are renewable biopolymer and have shown strong reinforcingproperties when added to a compatible polymer matrix. The objective of this study was to investigate theeffect of CMF on the mechanical, thermal and swelling properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes. The PVA/CMF composite membranes with different proportions of CMF ranging from 1 wt.% to 6 wt.%were prepared by solution casting method. The membranes were characterized by SEM, TGA, XRD, FTIRand mechanical testing. The results revealed that at low CMF concentration composite membranesshowed homogenous dispersion of CMF in PVA matrix. The incorporation of CMF enhanced thecrystallinity of composite membranes with increase in relative humidity (RH). Furthermore, themechanical strength and moisture uptake of PVA/CMF nanocomposite membranes were enhanced afterinclusion of CMF. TGA and DSC results revealed that the addition of CMF has no significant impact on thethermal properties. PVA/CMF nanocomposite membranes showed good potential to be applied for gasseparation application particularly for CO2 capture.

Evaluation of the air pollution tolerance index of ornamentals growing in an industrial area compared to a less polluted area

Iftikhar Ahmad,Bilal Abdullah,John Martin Dole,Muhammad Shahid,Khurram Ziaf 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.4

The aim of this study was to compare the ability to absorb various air pollutants of common roadside ornamental plants growing in an industrial center of Faisalabad, Pakistan, with that of ornamental plants growing at University of Agriculture, Main Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Leaf samples of 17 plant species were collected from both locations and four physiological and biochemical parameters, i.e., relative water content, leaf extract pH, total chlorophyll content, and ascorbic acid content, were assessed. The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was calculated from the obtained values. The results demonstrated the substantial impact of pollutants on the APTI; most of the tested plants grown at the industrial site had a higher APTI than those grown on the campus. Among the tested ornamental plant species, Hibiscus rosa - sinensis (9.8) had the highest APTI value, which was similar to Alstonia scholaris (9.4), Bougainvillea spectabilis (9.6), Morus nigra (9.5), Murraya exotica (9.0), and Nerium oleander (9.0) at the industrial location, while at the campus, B. spectabilis (7.2) had the highest APTI value, which was similar to Ficus benjamina (6.5), H. rosa - sinensis (6.6), Lagerstroemia indica (6.6), and Nerium oleander (6.5). However, Duranta repens , Melia azedarach , and Tecoma stans had the lowest APTI values at both locations, with values of 6.6, 7.5, and 7.7 at the industrial location and 5.5, 5.5, and 5.6 at the campus, respectively. Moreover, Alstonia scholaris , H. rosa - sinensis , and M. nigra had the highest relative diff erence in APTI between the two sites, with diff erences of 3.7, 3.2, and 3.2, respectively. In summary, among 17 ornamental species, A. scholaris , B. spectabilis , H. rosa - sinensis , L. indica , M. nigra , and N. oleander are the most desirable for planting around industrial zones on the basis of APTI and can be used as bio-monitors of environmental pollutants in industrial zones.

Numerical Investigations of Radiative Flow of Viscous Fluid Through Porous Medium

Tasawar Abbas,Bilal Ahmad,Aaqib Majeed,Taseer Muhammad,Muhammad Ismail 한국자기학회 2021 Journal of Magnetics Vol.26 No.3

This study incorporates the numerical behavior of radiative flow of electrically conductive viscous fluid though porous medium with slip effects. The boundary is supposed to be convective during the flow. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into its corresponding ode’s with the help of suitable similarity transformations. Numerical technique is used to solve the system of ordinary differential equations. Effects of pertinent parameters on velocity and fluid temperature are plotted graphically. The velocity of fluid reduces due to opposing force offer by magnetic field whereas temperature rises.

Development and Mechanical Characterization of Weave Design Based 2D Woven Auxetic Fabrics for Protective Textiles

Mumtaz Ali,Muhammad Zeeshan,Muhammad Bilal Qadir,Rabia Riaz,Sheraz Ahmad,Yasir Nawab,Aima Sameen Anjum 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.11

Auxetic materials expand in at least one dimension, when stretched longitudinally i.e. they have negative Poisson’s ratio. Development of 2D woven auxetic fabrics (AF) is a new approach to develop mechanically stable auxetic textile structures. However, the mechanical response of such emerging structure is still not studied in detail yet, therefore different mechanical properties of 2D woven AF are compared with conventional non-auxetic fabric (NAF). AF was developed by orienting yarns in auxetic honey-comb (AHC) geometry and auxeticity is induced due to such orientation of yarns. AF was developed using conventional (non-auxetic) materials; cotton yarn and elastane cotton yarn in warp and weft dimension respectively, using air jet loom. Structure and auxeticity of AF were analyzed using a digital microscope and its different mechanical properties (tensile strength, tear strength, bursting strength, cut resistance, and puncture resistance) were studied. AF showed superior mechanical properties with a lower initial modulus, which is beneficial for different protective textiles applications like cut resistance gloves, blast resistant curtains, and puncture tolerant elastomeric composites.