Quantitative Evaluation of Therapeutic Effect of Liriope Platyphylla on Phthalic Anhydride-induced Atopic Dermatitis in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg Mice

Moon Hwa Kwak(곽문화),Ji Eun Kim,In Sik Hwang,Young Ju Lee,Beum-soo An,Jin Tae Hong,Sang Hak Lee,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2014 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.2

The Role of Hydrocolloid Membrane Containing Styela Clava Tunic as Wound Healing in SD Rats

Moon Hwa Kwak(곽문화),Jun Go,Ji Eun Kim,Young Ju Lee,Seung Hyun Lee,Hong Joo Son,Hee Seob Lee,In-Surk Jang,Young Jin Jung,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2014 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.2

Characterization of allergic response induced by repeated dermal exposure of IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic mice to low dose formaldehyde

Moon-Hwa Kwak,Ji-Eun Kim,Jun Go,Eun-Kyoung Koh,Sung-Hwa Song,Ji-Eun Sung,Seung-Yun Yang,Beum-Soo An,Young-Jin Jung,Jae-Ho Lee,Yong Lim,Dae-Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2014 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.30 No.3

Although formaldehyde (FA) is known to be a major allergen responsible for allergic contact dermatitis, there are conflicting reports regarding correlation between FA exposure and interleukin (IL-4) expression. To investigate whether allergic responses including IL-4 expression were induced by repeated dermal exposure to low dose FA, alterations in the luciferase signal and allergic phenotypes were measured in IL- 4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic (Tg) mice containing luciferase cDNA under control of the IL-4 promoter after exposure to 4% FA for 2 weeks. High levels of luciferase were detected in the abdominal region of the whole body and submandibular lymph node (SLN) of FA treated mice. Additionally, the ear thickness and IgE concentration were significantly upregulated in the FA treated group when compared with the acetone olive oil (AOO) treated group. FA treated mice showed enhanced auricular lymph node (ALN) weight, epidermis and dermis thickness, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, the expression of IL-6 among T helper 2 cytokines was higher in the FA treated group than the AOO treated group, while vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels remained constant. Overall, the results presented herein provide additional evidence that various allergic responses may be successfully induced in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice after exposure to low dose FA for 2 weeks. The luciferase signal under the IL-4 promoter may reflect general indicators of the allergic response induced by exposure to low dose FA.

고분자필름과 금속막 의료소재에 대한 생체적합성 및 독성 평가를 위한 새로운 세포배양시스템의 개발 및 적용

곽문화(Moon Hwa Kwak),윤우빈(Woo Bin Yun),김지은(Ji Eun Kim),성지은(Ji Eun Sung),이현아(Hyun Ah Lee),서은지(Eun Ji Seo),남국일(Gug Il Nam),정영진(Young Jin Jung),황대연(Dae Youn Hwang) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.6

고분자(polymer), 금속(metal), 세라믹(ceramic), 합성물(composite) 등과 같은 바이오소소재(Biomaterials)는 그들의 물리화학적 성질 때문에 의료용섬유(medical fibers), 인공혈관(artificial blood vessels), 인공관절(artificial joints), 임플란트(implants), 연조직(soft tissue), 인공성형물(plastic surgery materials) 등 의료용으로 많이 사용되며, 개발연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 필름(film)이나 판(plate)형태의 바이오소재에 대한 생체적합성(biocompatibility) 이나 독성(toxicity)을 포유동물세포를 이용하여 평가하는 것은 적절한 평가용 장치가 없기 때문에 매우 어려운 상황이다. 따라서 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서, 본 연구에서는 고분자필름이나 금속판에 유용하게 적용할 수 있는 실리콘링, 상판(top panel), 하판(bottom panel)으로 구성된 새로운 포유동물배양시스템을 개발하고, 이를 실제 적용하고자 하였다. 개발된 시스템은 평가하고자 하는 시료를 상판과 하판사이에 조립하는 샌드위치시스템을 기반으로 한다. 세포배양장치의 조립 후, SK-MEL-2세포를 3가지 시료; Styela Clava Tunic (SCT)- PF, NaHCO₃-added SCT (SCTN)-PF, magnesium MP (MMP)에 적용하고 37°C 이산화탄소 배양기에서 24시간과 48시간 동안 배양하였다. MTT분석결과에서, 세포생존율(cell viability)은 24시간과 48시간 동안 SCT-PF배양그룹에서 정상적으로 유지되었지만 48시간 동안 SCTN-PF배양그룹에서는 급격하게 감소되었다. 더불어, MMP배양그룹에서 세포생존율은 24시간과 48시간 배양 후에 대조군과 유사하게 유지되었다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구에서 새롭게 개발된 샌드위치형태의 포유동물세포배양장치는 고분자필름이나 금속판형태의 바이오소재에 대한 독성이나 생체적합성을 평가하기 위한 우수한 잠재력을 보유하고 있음을 제시하고 있다. Biomaterials including polymer, metal, ceramic, and composite have been widely applied for medical uses as medical fibers, artificial blood vessels, artificial joints, implants, soft tissue, and plastic surgery materials owing to their physicochemical properties. However, the biocompatibility and toxicity for film- and plate-form biomaterials is difficult to measure in mammalian cells because there is no appropriate incubation system. To solve these problems, we developed a novel mammalian cell culture system consisting of a silicone ring, top panel, and bottom panel and we applied two polymer films (PF) and one metal plate (MP). This system was based on the principal of sandwiching a test sample between the top panel and the bottom panel. Following the assembly of the culture system, SK-MEL-2 cells were seeded onto Styela Clava Tunic (SCT)-PF, NaHCO₃-added SCT (SCTN)-PF, and magnesium MP (MMP) and incubated at 37°C for 24 hr and 48 hr. An MTT assay revealed that cell viability was maintained at a normal level in the SCT-PF culture group at 24 or 48 hr, although it rapidly decreased in the SCTN-PF culture group at 48 hr. Furthermore, the cell viability in the MMP culture group was very similar to that of the control group after incubation for 24 hr and 48 hr. Together, these results suggest the sandwich-type mammalian culture system developed here has the potential for the evaluation of the biocompatibility and toxicity of cells against PF- and MP-form biomaterials.

[ $\beta$ ]-Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitors from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Husk

Kwak Hye-Min,Jeon So-Young,Sohng Bang-Ho,Kim Jong-Guk,Lee Jin-Man,Lee Kyung-Bok,Jeong Hyun­Hee,Hur Jong-Moon,Kang Young-Hwa,Song Kyung-Sik The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.12

In the course of screening for anti-dementia agents from natural products, two $\beta$-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors were isolated from the husk of pomegranate (Punica granatum) by activity-guided purification. They were identified as ellagic acid and punicalagin with $IC_{50}$ values of 3.9 $\times$$10^{-6}$ and 4.1$\times$$10^{-7}$ M and Ki values of 2.4$\times$$10^{-5}$and 5.9$\times$$10^{-7}$ M, respectively. The compounds were non-competitive inhibitors with a substrate in the Dixon plot. Ellagic acid and punicalagin were less inhibitory to $\alpha$-secretase (TACE) and other serine proteases such as chymotrypsin, trypsin, and elastase, thus indicating that they were relatively specific inhibitors of BACE1.

경북대학교병원 외래환자수술실의 현황

곽경화,문철원,박성식,임동건,박진웅 대한정맥마취학회 2001 정맥마취 Vol.5 No.4

Background: Outpatient surgery has been continuously expanded around the world because of its cost-effectiveness and benefits for patients. Additionally, advances in anesthesia and surgical procedure have facilitated the rapid growth in day surgery. The purpose of this article is to analyze our 2 years' experience in day surgery center and therefore, to improve the management and effectiveness of day surgery center. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,160 patients who were monitored and maintained by anesthesiologist except 6,549 patients who were done under local anesthetics during 2 years from Feb. 1998 to Jan. 2000. Patients were evaluated for ratio of outpatients to total surgery patients, male to female ratio, age distribution, ASA classification, participating departments, anesthetic techniques and aesthesia time. Results: The mean ratio of outpatients to total surgery patients was 4.6%. The sex ratio of outpatient surgery was similar and the age of patients was distributed 34.6 of under 20 years of age, 63.7 of 20-59 years of age and 12% of over 60 years of age. ASA physical status 1 and 2 occupied most of proportion of patients by 77.4 and 21.7% respectively. In our outpatient surgery center, all case was dane under general anesthesia and otolaryngologic surgery (47.5), orthopedic surgery (10.6), cardiac surgery (10.3), gynecologic sugery (10.1) and general surgery (10.0%) in ascending order. General anesthesia using propofol (88.2%) was commonly used and the airway has been kept with endotracheal tube (61.0), mask or manual (22.6), LMA (14.0) and COPA (2.4%). Anesthesia time less than 30 minutes was most common (42.2%), and most of the cases were done in less than 60 minutes (71.2%). Conclusions: The rate of outpatient surgery was very low compared to other countries but continuously has been increased. In this period, I think that the role of anesthesiologist is very important for faclitating outpatient surgery and improving both quantity and quality of outpatient surgery center.

Clinical Experiences of Molecular Genetic Evaluation of Achondroplasia in Prenatal and Neonatal Cases

Kwak, Dong Wook,Kim, Hyun Jin,Park, So Yeon,Ahn, Hyun Suk,Chae, Yong Hwa,Kim, Moon Young,Lee, Young Ho,Ryu, Hyun Mee Korean Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics 2013 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the characteristics of achondroplasia (ACH) diagnosed in fetuses or neonates and to evaluate the usefulness of a molecular genetic testing to confirm ACH. Materials and Methods: The medical and ultrasonographic records of 16 pregnant women, who had molecular genetic testing for ACH performed on their fetus or neonate at the Cheil General Hospital between February 1999 and April 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. Detection of G1138A and G1138C mutations of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene was accomplished by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: Of the eight fetuses and two neonates who were suspected of having ACH during pregnancy, four fetuses and one neonate was confirmed to have ACH and they all carried the heterozygous G1138A mutation. Out of 6 cases which had a history of ACH in prior pregnancies, three had genetic information for the previous fetuses while the other three did not. All six fetuses had no mutations at G380R. However, the one fetus of pregnant woman with non-confirmed ACH showed shortened long bone on ultrasound thereafter and the fetus was identified as having oto-spondylo-megaepiphyseal dysplasia after birth. Conclusion: Korean patients with achondroplasia have the heterozygous G1138A mutation that is most commonly defined in other countries. Molecular genetic evaluations of ACH are helpful not only for establishing diagnosis but for appropriate counseling with subsequent pregnancies.

Lipohrperplasia of the lleocecal Valve Mimicking Malignant Neoplasm OH CT: A Case Report

Kwak, Hyo-Sung,Lee, Jeong-Min,Moon, Woo-Sung,Kang, Shin-Hwa,Lee, Joug-Deok The Korean Radiological Society 2001 대한영상의학회지 Vol.45 No.1

전산화단층촬영 (CT)상 맹장의 악성종양과 유사한 영상소견을 보였던 회맹장판과 맹장의 유지체성과형성 1예를 보고한다 조영전 CT에서 병변은 등근육에 비하여 저감쇄를 보였으며 조영증강 CT에서 맹장주변의 지방침윤과 임파선종대를 동반한 불규칙한 조영증강을 가진 엽상의 용종양 종괴로 보였다 이러한 소견은 맹장의 악성종양과 유사하게 보일 수 있으나 종괴의 위치가 회맹판을 침범하는 점과 조영전 CT상 저감쇄종괴로 보이는 점등은 악성종양과 감별에 도움이 되었다 We report a case in which CT scanning revealed lipohyperplasia of the ileocecal (IC) valve and cecum with acute inflammation and ulceration mimicking malignant neoplasm. At unenhanced CT lesion attenuation was lower than that of back muscle, and at contrast-enhanced CT, the lesion was seen as a lobulated polypoid mass with inhomogeneous enhancement, pericecal fat infiltration, and pericecal Iymphadenopathy. Although these findings mimick those of malignant neoplasm, the typical location of the mass, involving the IC valve, and the low attenuation observed at unenhanced CT, can help distinguish it from other masses.

The Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Endogenous Nitric Oxide in Proliferation of Trophoblastic BeWo Cells

( Moon Seok Cha ),( Myoung Seok Han ),( Goo Hwa Je ),( Hyun Ho Kim ),( Jong Young Kwak ) 대한산부인과학회 2001 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.87 No.-

경요도 전립선절제술에서 척추마취 시 소용량 Bupivacaine-Fentanyl의 병용투여와 상용용량 Bupivacaine의 임상 효과 비교

곽경화,이수현,전영훈,문철원,백운이 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4

Background: The combination of local anesthetics and opioids in the spinal anesthesia has a synergic analgesic effect, Therefore, we compated intraoperative conditions and clinical effects of low dose (5 mg) bupivacaine added with fentanyl versus a conventional dose(10 mg) of bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods: Forty five ASA class 1 and 2 patients scheduled for a TURP were randomly divided into three groups. Group B (n = 15) received bupivacaine 10 mg, group BF (n = 15) received bupivacaine 5 mg added with fentanyl 20 ㎍, and group BFE received bupivacaine 5 mg added with fentanyl 20 ㎍ and 0.2 mg epinephrine. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded every 5 minutes before and after spinal anesthesia. Sensory blockade was measured by a pin-prick test and motor blockade was evaluated by the Bromage motor scale. Side effects including pruritus, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and intraoperative pain were observed. Results: The duration of sensory and motor blockade in group BF was significantly shorter than in group B and group BFE (P < 0.05). Without statistical significance, hypotension (6.7%) and bradycardia (13.3%) were observed in group B and pruritus (26.7%) and nausea (13.3%) occurred in all patients who received fentanyl. Conclusions: The addition of fentanyl 20 ㎍ to low dose bupivacaine 5 mg resulted in short lasting motor and sensory block, compared with conventional dose bupivacaine 10 mg. Therefore, we concluded that the clinical application of this method could provide adequate analgesia with early discharge and no serious side effects for TURP patients. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 418~423)