Cytokine and Tumor Environments

Jin Tae Hong1*, Ju Kyung Song, Sun Mi Kwon, Byung Woo Ahn, Youngsoo Kim, Sang Bae Han 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1

Cytokines are known to function as regulatory molecules that can be produced by virtually every nucleated cell type in the body, including lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and many others. Cytokines include lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines), monocyte-derived factors (monokines), hematopoietic factors (colony-stimulating factors), connective tissue/growth factors, and chemotactic chemokines. Cytokines released in response to infection can affect tumor development in different ways. When exposed to infectious agents, cytokines are secreted by sentinel cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. These cytokines include interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as others, such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18. When released in sufficient quantities, these molecules can cause inflammation. Chronic inflammation is highly associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. In this article, we review the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor development.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

이동형 생체계측을 위한 임베디드 컴퓨팅

홍주현,진계환,박경순,조명찬,박길선,차은종,이태수 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2003 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.13 No.2

연구목적: 초소형 정밀 기계 기술로 제작된 2차원 가속도 센서와 916 MH2 단거리 고주파 데이터 통신 기술을 응용하여 인체의 운동상태를 자동으로 감지하고 분류하는 기법을 제안 하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 인체의 신호를 획득하기 위하여 미국 버클리대에서 제작한 무선 센서를 등 산용 조끼의 전면상단에 부착해서, 대상자의 흉골 부위에 위치하도록 하고, 앉은 상태에서 일어서거나 눕거나 하는 동작 및 그 역동작이 일어날 때, 가속도 센서에서 감지되는 4가지 종류의 파형 현화에 해당되는 데이터를 무선센서 네트웍을 통해 획득하였다. 결과: 획득한 신호를 주성분분석(Principal Component Analysis)과 지원벡터머신(Support Vector Machine)을 사용하여, 2차주성분까지를 도표화하고 클러스터링 함으로써, 4개의 영역으로 분할하는 것이 가능함을 말 수 있었다 결론: 소형 센서들이 작동되는 임베디드 컴퓨팅 환경에서 일상생활 중에 발생하는 인체의 4가지 동작을 자동으로 감지하고 분류하는 것이 가능함을 보였다. Purpose: New monitoring and classifying method of human motion contort was pro- posed by using 2-axial MEMS accelerometer and 916 MHz short-range data communica-tion technology. Materials and Methods: The wireless sensor of MICA mote was attached to a woman mountain vest and located close to the subject's sternum. During four types of sub-ject's motion, that is, sit-to-stand, stand-to-sit, sit-to-tying, and tying-to-sit, waveform changes of the accelerometer data were acquired by wireless sensor network. Results: The acquired signal was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and Support Vector Machine(SVM) technique. By clustering the first and second principal components, four regions corresponding to the four types of motion, were clearly segment-ed. Conclusion: Human motion context during daily life could be monitored and classified automatically by using small sensors in embedded computing environment

物的視角에서의 道의 解釋

홍진태 동아대학교 인문과학대학 인문과학연구소 1994 인문과학연구 Vol.- No.-

The purpose of this study was to compare the expressions presented in chapter 1 of "Dodugkyong", with the general concepts of physics and to investigate the concept of tao in the physical view. The equation(R-2,l0): I ↔int T→T' or (g o f)(t_(a))=g{f(t_(a))}=g(t_(b))=b is able not only to simplify the concept of tao in the physical view but also to eliminate the puzziness from Lao-tzu's description. In the intellectual knowledge of natural and human life, the contents of cognition pursuiting organic and complementary relation be useful for reducing intellectual preponderance between the heterogeneous areas. Tao is understood in the natural patterns as an existance form of energy whose attribute is dynamic and varialbe and a representation of order. Every existance cognized by modem scientific language is a form of energy. The representations of the first chapter of "Dodugkyong" show considerable analogy with moderan physical patterns in spite of the big differences of the times and descriptive language.

실리카 입자를 함유한 광경화형 도료 물성

홍진후,주형태,김순기,김석찬 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2004 生産技術硏究 Vol.26 No.1

We investigated the effects of nano-silica on the kinetic and film properties of UV curable coatings. Coating properties such as hardness, gloss, chemical and stain resistances and adhesion of the UV cured films containing various concentration of nano-silica were investigated. The matting, pencil hardness, chemical resistance, and abrasion resistances were apparently improved Via addition of nano-silica. Pendulum hardness was also enhanced with the increasing content of nano-silica up to 5 weight percent. However, the pendulum hardness and the adhesion decreased as nano-silica content increased above 10 weight percent. DPC analysis revealed that the presence of nano-silica in UV curable coating formulation enhanced photo curing. It was demonstrated that hardness. abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance of UV cured film can be increased without loss of optical properties through nanocomposite.

우수여자 유도선수들의 연간 트레이닝과 디트레이닝에 따른 무산소성 역치의 변화

홍관이,정정진,김학렬,김기진,조현철,손태열,노성규 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1992 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.2 No.1

The seasonal variance for estimate of exercise intensity, energy expenditure, maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold of elite women judo players(Group Ⅰ:4,Group Ⅱ: 4) was measured during 3,5,7,9,10month. The results of this study is as follows. 1. Exercise intensity by %HRmax during seasonal training was shown range of 56.45-73.62, 65.56-82.15, 80.03-86.62, 62.06-68.83%HRmax, respectiveley, from 3 to 9month in the warm up, additional exercise, main exercise and cooling down. 2. Energy expenditure per min during seasonal training was shown range of 4.09-7.96, 5.41-8.66, 8.95-9.90 and 5.05-6.41Kcal/min, respectiveley, from 3 to 9month in the warn up, additional exercise, main exercise, main exercsie and cooling down. 3. Changes of maximal oxygen uptake(VO₂max)during seasonal training and detraining not significant difference between both group, and in the seasonal variance. However, maximal heart rate during detraining expressed significant difference(p<0.05) between both group. 4. Anaerobic threshold levels during seasonal training and detraining not significant difference between both group, and in the seasonal variance. However, AT-VE(1/min) and AT- work time(min) of group Ⅱ expressed significant difference(p<0.01) in the seasonal variance.

2000년 부산광역시 서구에서 발생한 세균성이질 역학조사 평가

홍상기,김정규,전진호,손혜숙,이종태 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.3

Purposes : Bacillary Dysentery is one of the representative infectious disease that widely occurred in recent years, Korea. This study was performed to propose the helpful advices for control of Bacillary Dysentery outbreak based on an assessment of the results of epidemiological survey for Bacillary Dysentery outbreak on May 16, 2000 in Busan. Methods : Subjects were 7,188 peoples who showed diarrhea and contacted with active participants in a religious meeting and suspected cases surveyed from May 16 to May 31, 2000. Direct interview about participation, presence of diarrhea, and history of spring water drinking, and rectal swab on the patients who had diarrhea were done. Results : Among 7,188 peoples, 458 patients had simple diarrhea, and 135 patients confirmed infected with Shigella sonnei. Among confirmed cases. 94.8% had actively participated the religious meeting. The first case occurred on May 10, and consecutive outbreak was concentrated on May 12 and 13. Elementary school children(40.7%) and their parents(35.6%), and women(65.2%) were majority of the confirmed cases. Drinking history of the spring water during the meeting was highly suspected as a cause of this outbreak(odds ratio=3.29, 95% confidence interval=1.59∼6.82). Food intake history was not checked because with low possibility of causing factor. Conclusions : This outbreak appear to be closely related to drinking not sterilized spring water when participating in a religious meeting. However, actual route of transmission was not defined because the epidemiological survey was started six days after the first attack, and, could not find the causative agent in the spring water. The prompt epidemiological survey thought to be essential and important when occurred episode. And also, cooperation with the corresponding health authorities would be very important when the outbreak occurred distant area as this episode. Personal and public concerns and efforts should be sustained to prevent the outbreak and spread-out of Bacillary dysentery.

하이브리드 광경화를 이용한 소광 도료 연구

홍진후,주형태,한승택 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2004 生産技術硏究 Vol.26 No.1

We investigated the effects of photosynergist and LED curing on the kinetic and film properties of UV curable coatings containing micro-silica. Cure kinetics were studied by DPC and the degree of curing at the surfaces and the interfaces with substrate were investigated by FT-IR/ ATR. Coating properties such as hardness, gloss, chemical and stain resistances and adhesion of the UV cured films containing various concentration of micro-silica were investigated. The results showed that UV cured films containing micro-silica provide an excellent matting property while sacrificing chemical resistance due to the surface morphology and oxygen inhibition. The UV cured films containing photosynergist produced superior surface properties such as chemical resistance while sacrificing the adhesion and matting properties. LED-UV dual curing system was proposed to optimize the process for the system where both high matting and excellent coating properties are required.

실리카흄을 흔입한 고강도 콘크리트 개발

홍창우,김태경,김경진,김성환,김남윤,심도식,이정호,윤청호,백민경,원치문,박제선,이주형,정경일 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

콘크리트 구조물이 대형화됨에 따라 설계단면이 증대되어 상대적으로 많은 경제적 손실을 부담하게 된다. 따라서 단면을 감소시키면서도 소요의 하중에 안전한 구조물을 건설하기 위해서는 우선적으로 구조물 건설에 기초가 되는 고품질, 고내구성의 고강도 콘크리트 개발이 절실히 요구된다 본 연구에서는 일정 시멘트비 및 혼화재 비율하에서 소요의 워커빌리티가 확보되는 고강도 콘크리트를 시간과 온도의 변화에 따라 증기 양생하여, 압축, 인장, 휨강도 뿐만 아니라 파괴특성을 실험적으로 연구하였다. 시료 제작시 시멘트 입자 사이의 공극 및 불연속 영역을 충전하여 고밀도화하기 위한 콘크리트용 혼화재로 시멘트 비표면적이 상당히 작은 초미립 분말인 실리카흄을 이용하였다. 또한 AE감수제 및 고성능 유동화제를 사용하여 혼화재의 첨가에 의하여 발생될 수 있는 워커빌리티의 감소를 방지하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 일정 양생 지속 시간하에서 온도의 증가에 따라 콘크리트의 압축, 인장 및 휨강도가 전반적으로 증가하였다. 동일하게 일정 온도하에서 양생 지속시간이 커짐에 따라 강도들이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 상대적으로 높은 온도와 긴 지속 양생 조건하에서 파괴에 대한 저항력이 크게 나타났다. The compressible, tensible, and flexibleresistance of the high strength concrete is analyzed by the experimentation in the present study. For the test, we cure several samples with the silica fume as a mixture being become dense the spaces between the particle of cement under the variation of both the temperature and the curing-interval. Then, the superplasticizer and the ezcon are also used to satisfy the required workability for construction. The compressible, tensible, and flexible resistances to a stress are increased as increasing the temperature and the time interval for the curing. Therefore it is concluded that the overal fractural and mechanical properties is improved by mixing the silica fume into the cement.

무증상으로 발견된 담낭-담관 누공을 동반한 Mirizzi 증후군 1예

홍진희,전태주,서지영,서동대,오태훈,신원창,최원충,신은아,김기환 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Mirizzi's syndrome is a rare complication of the gallstone disease, characterized by narrowing of the common bile duct (CBD) due to chronic extrinsic compression of an impacted gallstone in the cystic duct or the neck of the gallbladder. The impacted gallstone may erode into the bile duct, causing cholecystocholedochal fistula. The patients generally have history of repeated attacks of jaundice and abdominal pain. But there is no report about asymptomatic Mirizzi syndrome with cholecystocholedochal fistula which were found incidentally. So herein we present our clinical experience with a case of asymptomatic Mirizzi syndrome with cholecystocholedochal fistula in a young female.