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Pang Lei,Ding Zijun,Chai Hongqiang,Li Fei,Wu Ming,Shuang Weibing 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.2
Background Smoking is a well-established risk factor for bladder cancer. However, it remained unclear that whether smoke status and smoke frequency increase bladder cancer. Objective We aim to explore the causal relationship between smoking status, smoking frequency and the risk of bladder cancer by Mendelian randomization. Methods Large sample size of the genome-wide association(GWAS) database of smoking status, smoking frequency and bladder cancer were obtained. Smoking status included never, previous and current whereas smoking frequency included cigarettes smoked per day, number of cigarettes currently smoked daily and pack years of smoking. Six sets of instrumental variables and 78 related single nucleotide polymorphic(SNP) loci were identified (P < 5 × 10–8. Linkage disequilibrium R2 < 0.001). The causal relationship between smoking status and bladder tumor was studied by inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results There is no causal effect from smoke status on bladder cancer risk while significantly positive relationship between smoking frequency on bladder cancer risk were found. IVW results showed that cigarettes smoked per day, number of cigarettes currently smoked daily and pack years of smoking increase bladder cancer (OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.002, P = 0.047; OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.000–1.005, P = 0.028; OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.001–1.006, P = 0.003). Sensitivity analysis showed that genetic pleiotropy did not bias the results. Conclusion The results of two sample Mendelian randomization analysis show that there is a positive causal relationship between smoking frequency and the risk of bladder cancer.
A SUPERLINEAR VU SPACE-DECOMPOSITION ALGORITHM FOR SEMI-INFINITE CONSTRAINED PROGRAMMING
Pang Li-Ping,Ming Huang,Yuan Lu,Zun-Quan Xia 한국전산응용수학회 2012 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.30 No.5
In this paper, semi-infinite constrained programming, a class of constrained nonsmooth optimization problems, are transformed into unconstrained nonsmooth convex programs under the help of exact penalty function. The unconstrained objective function which owns the primal-dual gradient structure has connection with VU-space decomposition. Then a VU-space decomposition method can be applied for solving this unconstrained programs. Finally, the superlinear convergence algorithm is proved under certain assumption.
Development of High Spectral Resolution Lidar System for Measuring Aerosol and Cloud
Ming Zhao,Chen-Bo Xie,Zhiqing Zhong,Bang-Xin Wang,Zhenzhu Wang,Pang-Da Dai,Zhen Shang,Min Tan,Dong Liu,Yingjian Wang 한국광학회 2015 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.19 No.6
A high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) system based on injection-seeded Nd:YAG laser and iodineabsorption filter has been developed for the quantitative measurement of aerosol and cloud. The laserfrequency is stabilized at 80 MHz by a frequency locking system and the absorption line of iodine cellis selected at the 1111 line with 2 GHz width. The observations show that the HSRL can provide verticalprofiles of particle extinction coefficient, backscattering coefficient and lidar ratio for cloud and aerosolup to 12 km altitude, simultaneously. For the measured cases, the lidar ratios are 10~20 sr for cloud,28~37 sr for dust, and 58~70 sr for urban pollution aerosol. It reveals the potential of HSRL to distinguishthe type of aerosol and cloud. Time series measurements are given and demonstrate that the HSRL hasability to continuously observe the aerosol and cloud for day and night
Robust singular perturbation control for 3D path following of underactuated AUVs
Lei Ming,Li Ye,Pang Shuo 대한조선학회 2021 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.13 No.1
This paper presents a novel control scheme for the three-dimensional (3D) path following of underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUVs) subject to unknown internal and external disturbances, in term of the time scale decomposition method. As illustration, two-time scale motions are first artificially forced into the closed-loop control system, by appropriately selecting the control gain of the integrator. Using the singular perturbation theory, the integrator is considered as a fast dynamical control law that designed to shape the space configuration of fast variable. And then the stabilizing controller is designed in the reduced model independently, based on the time scale decomposition method, leading to a relatively simple control law. The stability of the resultant closed-loop system is demonstrated by constructing a composite Lyapunov function. Finally, simulation results are provided to prove the efficacy of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated AUVs under internal and external disturbances.
Simon Ming-sum Lo,Josephine Chui-ling Pang 한국증권학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.46 No.2
Mainland Chinese companies make up more than 50% of the Hong Kong securities market in terms of number of listings and market capitalization. Our empirical results indicate that Chinese companies have a higher incidence of corporate fraud and greater fraud severity than other listed counterparts, even after controlling for state versus private ownership, internal corporate governance, financial standing, firm characteristics, and time factors. Further investigation reveals that incorporation in China and Chinese culture and business practices are two distinct and major driving factors in corporate fraud. Conventional explanatory variables for corporate fraud other than board tenure, firm size, listing year, and year of fraud detection do not have explanatory power in the Hong Kong context.