Divorcing Diagnosis From Treatment: Contemporary Management of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer

Allison S. Glass,Sanoj Punnen,Matthew R. Cooperberg 대한비뇨의학회 2013 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.54 No.7

Today, the majority of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer will present with low-risk features of the disease. Because prostate cancer often takes an insidious course, it is debated whether the majority of these men require radical treatment and the accompanying derangement of quality of life domains imposed by surgery, radiation,and hormonal therapy. Investigators have identified various selection criteria for “insignificant disease,” or that which can be monitored for disease progression while safely delaying radical treatment. In addition to the ideal definition of low risk, a lack of randomized trials comparing the various options for treatment in this group of men poses a great challenge for urologists. Early outcomes from active surveillance cohorts support its use in carefully selected men with low-risk disease features, but frequent monitoring is required. Patient selection and disease monitoring methods will require refinement that will likely be accomplished through the increased use of biomarkers and specialized imaging techniques.

Acupuncture Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in an American Indian Community

Anne Bailey,Deborah Wingard,Matthew Allison,Priscilla Summers,Daniel Calac 사단법인약침학회 2017 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.10 No.2

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) develops in 30% of type 2 diabetes patients, increases the risk for foot ulcers and amputation, and is a significant source of disability and medical costs. Treatment remains challenging, propelling research to focus on therapeutic methods that aim to improve blood circulation or ameliorate oxidative stress that drives development of DPN. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment for DPN symptoms and lower extremity arterial circulation in people with type 2 diabetes. Twenty-five patients seen at a Southern California Tribal Health Center who reported a threshold level of diabetic neuropathy symptoms in the lower extremities during the previous 4 weeks received acupuncture treatment once per week over a 10-week period between 2011 and 2013. The Neuropathy Total Symptom Scale (NTSS-6), Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS), and laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) were used for assessment at baseline and 10 weeks. A total of 19 of 25 study participants completed the study and reported a significant reduction in the NTSS symptoms of aching pain, burning pain, prickling sensation, numbness, and allodynia. Lancinating pain did not decrease significantly. LDF measures improved but not significantly. Acupuncture may effectively ameliorate selected DPN symptoms in these American Indian patients.

Susceptibility of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Ceftazidime-Avibactam Against a Collection of β-Lactam-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria

Mark D. Gonzalez,Allison R. McMullen,Meghan A. Wallace,Matthew P. Crotty,David J. Ritchie,Carey-Ann D. Burnham 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.2

Dear Editor, Ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) were recently approved for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections (http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm427534.htm, http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm435629.htm, both accessed February 24, 2016). To date, only one study has simultaneously evaluated the activities of C/T and CZA in vitro against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and few studies have evaluated the effects of these antibiotics on multi-drug resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria [1-3]. This study aimed to examine the activities of C/T and CZA against β-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa clinical isolates.

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous intercostal nerve cryoneurolysis for analgesia following traumatic rib fracture -a case series-

John J. Finneran IV,Rodney A. Gabriel,Matthew W. Swisher,Allison E. Berndtson,Abhijit Nair,Todd W. Costantini,Brian M. Ilfeld 대한마취통증의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.73 No.5

Background: Rib fractures are a common injury in trauma patients and account for significant morbidity and mortality within this population. Local anesthetic-based nerve blocks have been demonstrated to provide significant pain relief and reduce complications. However, the analgesia provided by these blocks is limited to hours for single injection blocks or days for continuous infusions, while the duration of this pain often lasts weeks. Case: This case series describes five patients with rib fractures whose pain was successfully treated with cryoneurolysis. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoneurolysis is a modality that has the potential to provide analgesia matching the duration of pain following rib fractures.

FLASH: The First Large Absorption Survey in HI with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder

Hyein Yoon,Elaine Sadler,James Allison,Vanessa Moss,Elizabeth Mahony,Matthew Whiting,Renzhi Su 한국천문학회 2020 天文學會報 Vol.45 No.1

Computed Tomography-Derived Myosteatosis and Metabolic Disorders

Iva Miljkovic,Chantal A. Vella,Matthew Allison 대한당뇨병학회 2021 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.45 No.4

The role of ectopic adipose tissue infiltration into skeletal muscle (i.e., myosteatosis) for metabolic disorders has received considerable and increasing attention in the last 10 years. The purpose of this review was to evaluate and summarize existing studies focusing on computed tomography (CT)-derived measures of myosteatosis and metabolic disorders. There is consistent evidence that CT-derived myosteatosis contributes to dysglycemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammation, and, to some extent, dyslipidemia, independent of general obesity, visceral fat, and other relevant risk factors, suggesting that it may serve as a tool for metabolic risk prediction. Identification of which muscles should be examined, and the standardized CT protocols to be employed, are necessary to enhance the applicability of findings from epidemiologic studies of myosteatosis. Additional and longer longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm a role of myosteatosis in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and examine these associations in a variety of muscles across multiple race/ethnic populations. Given the emerging role of myosteatosis in metabolic health, well-designed intervention studies are needed to investigate relevant lifestyle and pharmaceutical approaches.

Associations between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Abdominal Fat and Muscle Mass: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

김지윤,최지민,Chantal A. Vella,Michael H. Criqui,Matthew A. Allison,김남훈 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.5

Background: The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) reflected body compositional changes with aging. This study was to investigate the association of WWI with abdominal fat and muscle mass in a diverse race/ethnic population.Methods: Computed tomography (CT) data from 1,946 participants for abdominal fat and muscle areas from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (785 Whites, 252 Asians, 406 African American, and 503 Hispanics) were used. Among them, 595 participants underwent repeated CT. The WWI was calculated as waist circumference (cm) divided by the square root of body weight (kg). The associations of WWI with abdominal fat and muscle measures were examined, and longitudinal changes in abdominal composition measures were compared.Results: In all race/ethnic groups, WWI was positively correlated with total abdominal fat area (TFA), subcutaneous fat area, and visceral fat area, but negatively correlated with total abdominal muscle area (TMA) and abdominal muscle radiodensity (<i>P</i><0.001 for all). WWI showed a linear increase with aging regardless of race and there were no significant differences in the WWI distribution between Whites, Asians, and African Americans. In longitudinal analyses, over 38.6 months of follow-up, all abdominal fat measures increased but muscle measures decreased, along with increase in WWI. The more the WWI increased, the more the TFA increased and the more the TMA decreased.Conclusion: WWI showed positive associations with abdominal fat mass and negative associations with abdominal muscle mass, which likely reflects the abdominal compositional changes with aging in a multi-ethnic population.

Association Between Perirenal Fat Thickness and Renal and Systemic Calcified Atherosclerosis

구보경,Julie O. Denenberg,C. Michael Wright,Michael H. Criqui,Matthew A. Allison 대한내분비학회 2020 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.35 No.1

Background: We investigated associations between perirenal fat thickness and atherosclerotic calcification in six different vascularbeds. Methods: Using a community-based cohort (n=3,919), perirenal fat thickness was estimated from computed tomography scans. Itwas classified as Q1 (the lowest quartile) to Q4 (the highest quartile) in each sex. Calcification in the carotid arteries, coronary arteries, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, iliac arteries, and renal arteries was evaluated. Results: Perirenal fat thickness was associated with older age (P<0.01) and a higher prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia (P<0.01 for all). Perirenal fat thickness was independently associated with renal arterial calcification even after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking history, and family history of heart diseases in first-degreerelatives (odds ratio [OR] per quartile of perirenal fat thickness, 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.44). Compared to Q1,the odds of renal arterial calcification in Q4 was about two times higher (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.29 to 3.25). After adjustment for renalarterial calcification and atherosclerotic risk factors, the only other vascular bed where perirenal fat thickness showed a significantassociation with calcification was the abdominal aorta (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.23; P=0.045). Conclusion: Perirenal fat thickness was independently associated with vascular calcification in the renal artery and abdominal aorta.