노걸대 3종 판본 내 중국어 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성에 대한 통시적 연구

( Maeng¸ Junghwan ) 한국중국언어학회 2021 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.95

본 논문은 원명청(元明清)대에 걸쳐 출판된 노걸대 3종 판본을 바탕으로 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성의 역사적 변천 과정에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 노걸대는 당시 구어체 북방 관화를 기록한 자료로써 원대부터 청대에 이르기까지의 언어적 변화를 담고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 노걸대 3종 판본을 코퍼스 자료로 사용하여 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성을 분석하였다. 형태론적 생산성은 각 명사 형태소가 생성해낼 수 있는 새로운 어휘의 종류의 수를 바탕으로 측정되었다. 분석 결과 -儿이 원대부터 청대에 걸쳐 가장 높은 생산성을 지니고 있는 것으로 판명된 반면, 명사 접미사 -子와 -們의 경우 이 기간 동안 생산성이 지속적으로 감소하는 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 형태론적 생산성과 어휘화의 밀접한 관련성에 대한 실증적 근거를 제시함과 동시에 형태론적 법칙을 통해 생성된 어휘와 어휘 목록에 등록된 어휘가 서로 독립적인 영역에 속해 있음을 시사하고 있다. This study focuses on the historical change in the productivity of Chinese nominal suffixes based on three versions of Laoqida (老乞大) published in the Yuan, Ming and Qing periods respectively. Because Laoqida transcribes spoken Chinese language at the time and also reflects language change over time spanning from the Yuan to Qing period, it serves as a corpus database that allows us to examine the premodern spoken Chinese language. Using Laoqida as a corpus database, this study used hapax-based analysis to examine morphological productivity of the nominal suffixes (-zi, -er, -men) under investigation based on the number of novel expressions created by each suffix. The findings of the study show that -er remains as the most productive suffix throughout the Yuan-Qing periods whereas the productivity of -zi and -men continues to decline over the same periods. The results of the study suggest that the morphological productivity and the lexicalization of derived words are closely associated with each other. Furthermore, the study provides evidence that lexicon and morphology should be considered as two independent domains.

C-NMR Spectroscopy에 의한 Olefin-Vinylchloride 공중합체의 tacticity에 관한 연구

맹기석,황택성 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1990 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Homo PVC and olefin-vinylchloride copolymers have been prepared by free-radical copolymerization at 60℃. Molecular weights of PVC and copolymers have been caracterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and C-NMR. We are used to calculate the tacticity shifts in the C-NMR spectra of PVC and copolymers by Bovey first order Markov statistics. Copolymers of vinyl chloride with isobutylene, propylene from 1.58 to 8.0mol% olefin, is found to random arrangment by ??C-NMR spectroscopy. The values of molecular weights of the copolymer ranged from 2.38 to 7.03×10⁴, measured by GPC. It was found that both the degree of conversion and molecular weight decreased in accordance with the increase of comonomer ratio in the copolymer.

Alzheimer병의 역학

조맹제,함봉진 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is emerging as a major trouble for the patients and their families as well as community. Epidemiology of AD is the study of the distribution of AD and those factors that influence this distribution. Several findings were derived from reviewing the various epidemiologic studies of AD. Prevalence estimates of AD rise exponentially with age. Typical estimates for the age groups 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and 80-89 years are about 0.5%,3%, and 10%, respectively. All studies showed an exponentially increase in the incidence rate with age and several studies found that the proportion of incident dementias is attributable to AD increased with age. Except for age and family history of dementia, no definite risk factors for AD have yet been proven. Survival of AD patients is worse in early-onset cases and in men, and it appears to be related to the initial severity of the disease. Improvement of prognosis through intervention has been unsuccessful until now. It was shown that methodological variables such as definition of dementia, the design of the study, the characteristics of the sample and methods of assessment and diagnosis might have a significant effect on the results. New epidemiologic approaches to AD should be well designed prospective follow-up studies to provide more accurate information. Epidemiologic studies combined with pathophysiologic findings could be helpful in improvement of prevention and treatment of the AD.

Pd(X)(COPh)(PPh₂)₃(X=Cl,Br,NCS,CN)와 Pd(CN)(COPh)(N-N)(N-N=en,R-pn)의 합성과 성질

정맹준,도명기 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Oxidative addition products, trans-Pd(X)(COPh)(PPh₃)₂(1) is obtained from the reaction of tetrakistriphenylphosphinoPalladium(0) complex and benzoylhalides, XCOPh(X=Cl,Br,NCS,CN), and the structure of these complexes were identified from the UV, IR and ?? spectral data. We found that the stretching vibration energy of the carbonyl group is CN < MCS < Cl < Br and it was depending on the type of X which is in trans position to the carbonyl in the complex 1. We also investigated the formation of the chelate complexes relate to trans influence of carbonyl group in the starting complex 1. It was found that chelate complexes, Pd(X)(COPh)(N-N)(N-N=en, R-pn)(2) were formed, when X is CN, by the reaction of bidentate ligands such as ethylenediamine(en), or R-propylenedamine(R-pn) with complex 1.

CdS film의 Memory effect에 關한 考察 : Department of Radiotechnology

朴孟祚 대구보건대학 1983 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

A new type of memory effect which has been found by the present author is investigated in detail in evaporated CdS films at low temperatures. If the light is turned off during the periodic photocurrent oscillation, the oscillation stops and the phase of the oscillation at the moment of turning off is retained; by turning on the light again, the oscillation begins at the retained phase. The memory remains unchanged in value or polarity. the memory disappears in a certain time under the condition that the specimen is illuminated under a bias voltage smaller than the threshold voltage; In this case the life time of the memory is inversely proportional to the light intensity. It is shown that the phase memory effect is due to the travelling high field domain which is caused by field quenching and is controlled by the light and or the bias voltage.

낮병원 치료 : 2년간 추적연구

조맹제,이부영,신동수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.1

저자들은 1989년 1월 1일부터 1990년 12월 31일까지 서울대학교병원 낮병원에서 퇴원한 만성정신분열병 환자 30명을 같은 기간 보호병동에서 퇴원한 정신분열병 환자 30명과 성별, 연령, 주치의의 예후에 대한 평가등을 1:1로 짝지워 총30쌍, 60명을 대상으로 낮병원 입원이 환자의 예후에 미치는 영향을 기준 퇴원후 2년간을 후향적 추적방법으로 비교 연구하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 추적기간동안 양군의 사회인구학적인 변인은 통계적으로 의미있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 사회인구학적 변인 중 기준 퇴원시 학력과 이전 입원횟수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2) 재입원율, 재입원횟수, 재입원환자수, 누적재입원횟수, 누적재입원환자수 등의 일반 예후변인에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 단지 낮병원군에서 기준 퇴원후 1년간의 재입원율이 통계적으로 유의하게 더 컸는데, 2년후 전체 재입원율에 있어서는 양군이 유사하였다. 3) 사회적응도에 있어 양군에서 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 단지 낮병원군에서 재입원한 환자들 (n=6)의 경우 시간이 지남에 따라 사회적응정도가 향상하는 양상을 보였다. 또한 기존의 연구들에서 퇴원후 주로 6개월 내지 1년 이내에 입원에 의한 사회적응효과가 나타난다고 했으나 본 연구에서는 오히려 추적 기간의 후반부에 사회적응도가 향상하는 경향을 보여 저자들은 이점에 대해 낮병원에서의 사회적응훈련이 '후기 효과'를 보일 가능성에 대해서 토론하였다. 본 연구의 결과만으로 낮병원 치료가 정신분열병환자의 예후에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 확실한 결론은 얻을 수 없었다. 그러나 유병기간이 더 길고 사회적응이 어렵다고 판단된 낮병원 환자들과 보호병동군을 비교한 결과 기준퇴원후 2년간 각 예후변인들이 유의한 차이가 없었던 것은 낮병원 치료가 만성 정신분열병 환자의 사회재적응에 장기적으로 도움이 되었기 때문이라고 추론할 후 있다. 향후 본 연구에서는 고려되지 못한 정신분열병의 예후에 관련이 있는 좀더 많은 변수들을 충분히 고려한 전향적 연구가 필요하다. A two year retrospective follow up analysis of outcome was done comparing 30 chronic schizophrenic patients discharged from standard in-patient hospital to day hospital treatment with 30 matched patients discharged directly to the community. The authors developed an 80 item interview questionnaire for sociodemographic characteristics, social functioning, family functioning, psychopathology and rehospitalization. Index numbers of rehospitalization within two years were six in day hospital group, and eight in the comparative group respectively. When the duration was divided into three month intervals, cumulative percentage of number of patients rehospitalized was lower in the day hospital group. Readmission rate calculated by rehospitalization days divided by total follow-up days was, however, higher significantly in the day hospital group within one year. It seemed that this result within one year was due to the bias of selection of day hospital patient. That is, the poorer prediction of community adjustment by the psychiatrist was related with the day hospital treatment. Social functioning score checked on the rehospitalized patients showed little difference between the two groups.

우리 나라 파생 금융 시장의 발전에 관한 연구

장맹렬 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2000 産業經營 Vol.27 No.-

시장 평균 환율 제도의 개선 방안

장맹렬 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1996 産業經營 Vol.19 No.-

유럽 경제 통합이 세계 경제에 미치는 영향

장맹렬 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 2002 産業經營 Vol.31 No.-

韓國語 終結語尾와 對人關係要素의 相關關係에 관한 연구 (1)

李孟成 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1975 人文科學 Vol.33-34 No.-

This is a part of an attempt to study a relation which is assumed to exist between the system of speech level in Korean and the interpersonal relations of the speaker and the addressee. In this paper, we are particularly concerned with the relation between the selection of sentence-final endings, in paiticular, and the social relationship of the speaker and the addressee. The major points which this research is centered around and their resulting findings are as follows. Investigations were made through questionnaires on what sentence-final endings may be used when a speaker talk to an addresse whom the speaker sees as having a particular social status (which was defined in terms of the relative age difference and the relative difference in social levels) and a particular degree of familiarity. An assumption was made that the sentence-final endings hold hierarchical relations with each other and the relative ranks of these endings were determined. The basic factors which determine the social interpersonal relation of the speaker and the addressee are assumed to be the relative social levels(labelled as ‘C’) and the age difference(labelled as ‘A’). It is shown that both these two factors affect the selection of the sentence-final endings revealing a systematic correlation. Furthermore, the power(the force of influence effected upon the selection of endings) of the factor C and that of the factor A are compared and the followings observations are made. a) When the speaker-addressee hold a kinship relation, the power of A is stronger than that of C b) When the speaker-addressee does not hold a kinship relation, the power of C is stronger than that of A. c) The difference of the degrees of power between A and C is somewhat greater when the speaker-addressee holds a kinship relation than when they do not. It has been shown that the degree of psychological distance or familiarity(labelled as ‘F’) which the speaker feels toward the addressee also affects the selection of the sentence-final endings in quite a systematic manner.