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Optimization of 660-nm-Band AlGaInP Laser Diodes by Using Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy Analyses
Young Chul Shin,김태근,Bum Jun Kim,Byoungjin Ma,Chang Yun Lee,Dong Hoon Kang,Joon Seok Kang,김문덕,Sang Bum Lee,Shi Jong Leem,조수행,Yongjo Park,Young Min Kim 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.3
We report high power and high temperature operation of 660-nm-band AlGaInP laser diodes. The double-channel ridge waveguide structure was used, and the growth conditions for each layer of the AlGaInP laser were optimized to have the lowest defect density by using deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) analyses. The optimized AlGaInP lasers showed better performance than those fabricated without optimization. One of the optimized AlGaInP lasers showed a very stable fundamental transverse mode even at 200 mW and 70 $^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, a typical threshold current of 64 mA at 660 nm, a slope efficiency of 1.0 W/A, and a characteristic temperature of 212 K. The beam divergences perpendicular and parallel to the junction plane were 15.3$^{\circ}$ and 8.6$^{\circ}$, respectively, at 80 mW CW, which is small enough for a DVD-R/RW system.
Oh, You-Chang,Cho, Won-Kyung,Jeong, Yun Hee,Im, Ga Young,Kim, Aeyung,Hwang, Youn-Hwan,Kim, Taesoo,Song, Kwang Hoon,Ma, Jin Yeul Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2012 No.-
<P>KIOM-MA was recently reported as a novel herbal medicine effective for atopic dermatitis and asthma. In this study, we have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of KIOM-MA on proinflammatory mediator produced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. KIOM-MA significantly inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as well as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>). Consistent with the inhibitory effect on PGE<SUB>2</SUB>, KIOM-MA suppresses the LPS-induced migration of macrophages and gelatinase activity and the expression of matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, KIOM-MA showed a strong suppressive effect on the inflammatory cytokines production such as tumor necrosis factor-<I><I>α</I></I> (TNF-<I><I>α</I></I>) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We also found that KIOM-MA inhibits the activation of nuclear factor-<I><I>κ</I></I>B (NF-<I><I>κ</I></I>B) and represses the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun NH<SUB>2</SUB>-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Taken together, we elucidated the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of KIOM-MA using RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by LPS.</P>
Characterization of Pulse Reverses Electroforming on Hard Gold Coating
Byoun, Young-Min,Noh, Young-Tai,Kim, Young-Geun,Ma, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Gwan-Hoon American Scientific Publishers 2018 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.18 No.3
<P>Effect of pulse reverse current (PRC) method on brass coatings electroplated from gold solution was investigated by various plating parameters such as plating duration, the anodic duty cycle, the anodic current density and the cathodic current density. The reversed current results in a significant change in the morphology of electrodeposits, improvement of the overall current efficiency and reduction of deposit porosity. With longer pulses, hemispherical surface features are generated, while larger grains result from shorter pulse widths. The porosity of the plated samples is found to decrease compared with results at the same time-average plating rate obtained from DC or Pulse plating. A major impediment to reducing gold later thickness is the corrosion of the underlying substrate, which is affected by the porosity of the gold layer. Both the morphology and the hydrogen evolution reaction have significant impact on porosity. PRC plating affect hydrogen gold and may oxidize hydrogen produced during the cathodic portion of the waveform. Whether the dissolution of gold and oxidation of hydrogen occur depends on the type of plating bath and the plating conditions adapted. In reversed pulse plating, the amount of excess near-surface cyanide is changed after the cathodic current is applied, and the oxidation of gold under these conditions has not been fully addressed. The effects of the current density, pulse-reverse ratio and brightener concentration of the electroplating process were investigated and optimized for suitable performance.</P>
미용치료용 엔디-야그레이저에 의한 황반병증에서 항혈관내피성장인자항체로 치료한 1예
마건정(Gun-Jung Ma),박선경(Sun-Kyoung Park),김미리내(Mirinae Kim),박영근(Young-Geun Park),박영훈(Young-Hoon Park),김래영(Rae-Young Kim) 대한검안학회 2021 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.20 No.3
목적: 미용치료용 고출력 Nd:YAG 레이저에 우연히 노출된 이후 발생한 황반병증 환자에서 조기 유리체강내 항혈관내피성장인자항체 치료를 보고하고자 한다. 증례요약: 36세의 여자 환자가 내원 일주일 전 미용치료용 고출력 Nd:YAG 레이저에 노출된 이후 발생한 우안의 시력저하를 주소로 내원하였다. 환자의 우안 최대교정시력은 0.1이었고 안저검사에서는 우안 중심와 망막하출혈 소견이 관찰되었다. 빛간섭단층촬영에서 우안 중심와 망막하출혈로 인한 장액망막박리 및 망막색소상피-브루크막 복합체 파열 소견을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이에 대해 총 세번에 걸쳐 유리체강내 베바시주맙(Avastin??, 1.25 mg/0.05 mL; Roche Korea, Seoul, Korea) 주사술을 시행하였다. 6개월 후 시력은 초기 내원 시와 변화가 없었으나, 빛간섭단층촬영에서 우안 중심와 망막하출혈 흡수 소견이 확인되었고 이차성 맥락막신생혈관의 발생이나 맥락막출혈의 재발 소견은 보이지 않았다. 결론: 고출력 미용레이저에 의한 황반하출혈 및 맥락막파열 환자에서 조기의 항혈관내피성장인자항체를 이용한 치료를 환자의 형태학적 호전 및 이차성 맥락막신생혈관 방지에 효과적인 치료 방법으로 고려해볼 수 있다. Purpose: To report a follow up of early intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody treatment in a patient with maculopathy after accidental exposure to a high-powered cosmetic Nd:YAG laser. Case summary: A 36-year-old female patient visited our clinic with decreased visual acuity in the right eye after accidental exposure to a high-powered cosmetic Nd:YAG laser. The best-corrected visual acuity of the right eye was 0.1 and subretinal hemorrhage on the foveal area was observed during fundus examination. Optical coherence tomography revealed serous retinal detachment with hyperreflective disruption of the ellipsoid zone and retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch’s membrane complex. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin??, 1.25 mg/0.05 mL; Roche Korea, Seoul, Korea) injections were performed three times. Visual acuity was unchanged at 6 months after the first visit. However, complete resolution of the subretinal hemorrhage was observed and there were no signs of secondary choroidal neovascularization or recurrence of choroidal hemorrhage. Conclusions: Early anti-VEGF antibody treatment in a patient with subfoveal hemorrhage and choroidal rupture after high-powered cosmetic Nd:YAG laser exposure improved morphology and prevented secondary choroidal neovascularization.
( Mi Youn Park ),( Kyung Ho Kim ),( Hoon Kang ),( Young Chul Kye ),( Hyuck Hoon Kwon ),( Kwang Joong Kim ),( Nack In Kim ),( Myeung Nam Kim ),( Young Suck Ro ),( Seong Uk Min ),( Kui Young Park ),( Ma 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2
Background: Despite the prevalence of acne is increasing gradually in the population of Korea, relatively little is known about its epidemiology. Also the incidence of childhood acne is unknown. Objectives: Investigation about the number and distribution of acne according to age group by analyzing epidemiological data from several general hospitals in Korea. Methods: Retrospective multi-center study of patients who are diagnosed with acne vulgaris through department of dermatology in Korea. Results: 1. Acne patients have been increased by 60% in number compared to 10 years ago. The number of childhood acne also increased 10-15% annually during the recent 4 years and the number of patients with age under 19 has been doubled during 10 years. 2. Age under 12 accounted for 11% of total acne patients and showed 20% increase in number during 4 years. Although upper grade of elementary school patients (age 10-12) have biggest portion among the patients under 12, the number of patients under the age of 9 has been also increased rapidly by 73% compared to 10 years ago. Conclusion: This was the first large scale, multi-center study and analysis done in Korea including 14 general hospitals with maximum 10 years of long term follow-up. We could find out that acne patients are increasing consistently and the proportion of group under 19 is getting larger. Additionally onset age of acne is getting younger. So it is important to raise the public awareness of childhood acne for early management
Ma, Seung Hyun,Park, Bo-Young,Yang, Jae Jeong,Jung, En-Joo,Yeo, Yohwan,Whang, Yungi,Chang, Soung-Hoon,Shin, Hai-Rim,Kang, Daehee,Yoo, Keun-Young,Park, Sue Kyung The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2012 예방의학회지 Vol.45 No.6
Objectives: Diabetes and obesity each increases mortality, but recent papers have shown that lean Asian persons were at greater risk for mortality than were obese persons. The objective of this study is to determine whether an interaction exists between body mass index (BMI) and diabetes, which can modify the risk of death by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Subjects who were over 20 years of age, and who had information regarding BMI, past history of diabetes, and fasting blood glucose levels (n=16 048), were selected from the Korea Multi-center Cancer Cohort study participants. By 2008, a total of 1290 participants had died; 251 and 155 had died of CVD and stroke, respectively. The hazard for deaths was calculated with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) by Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Compared with the normal population, patients with diabetes were at higher risk for CVD and stroke deaths (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.56; HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.76; respectively). Relative to subjects with no diabetes and normal BMI (21 to 22.9 $kg/m^2$), lean subjects with diabetes (BMI <21 $kg/m^2$) had a greater risk for CVD and stroke deaths (HR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.57 to 5.09; HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.58 to 6.76; respectively), while obese subjects with diabetes (BMI ${\geq}25kg/m^2$) had no increased death risk (p-interaction <0.05). This pattern was consistent in sub-populations with no incidence of hypertension. Conclusions: This study suggests that diabetes in lean people is more critical to CVD deaths than it is in obese people.
Risk factors of electrocoagulation syndrome after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Ma, Dae Won,Youn, Young Hoon,Jung, Da Hyun,Park, Jae Jun,Kim, Jie-Hyun,Park, Hyojin Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2018 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.24 No.10
<P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To investigate post endoscopic submucosal dissection electrocoagulation syndrome (PEECS) of the esophagus.</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>We analyzed 55 consecutive cases with esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal squamous neoplasms at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. Esophageal PEECS was defined as “mild” meeting one of the following criteria without any obvious perforation: fever (≥ 37.8 °C), leukocytosis (> 10800 cells/μL), or regional chest pain more than 5/10 points as rated on a numeric pain intensity scale. The grade of PEECS was determined as “severe” when meet two or more of above criteria.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>We included 51 cases without obvious complications in the analysis. The incidence of mild and severe esophageal PEECS was 47.1% and 17.6%, respectively. Risk factor analysis revealed that resected area, procedure time, and muscle layer exposure were significantly associated with PEECS. In multivariate analysis, a resected area larger than 6.0 cm<SUP>2</SUP> (OR = 4.995, 95%CI: 1.110-22.489, <I>P</I> = 0.036) and muscle layer exposure (OR = 5.661, 95%CI: 1.422-22.534, <I>P</I> = 0.014) were independent predictors of esophageal PEECS. All patients with PEECS had favorable outcomes with conservative management approaches, such as intravenous hydration or antibiotics.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>Clinicians should consider the possibility of esophageal PEECS when the resected area exceeds 6.0 cm<SUP>2</SUP> or when the muscle layer exposure is noted.</P>