Wind characteristics of a strong typhoon in marine surface boundary layer

Lili Song,Q. S. Li,Wenchao Chen,Peng Qin,Haohui Huang,Y.C. He 한국풍공학회 2012 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.15 No.1

High-resolution wind data were acquired from a 100-m high offshore tower during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit in September, 2008. The meteorological tower was equipped with an ultrasonic anemometer and a number of cup anemometers at heights between 10 and 100 m. Wind characteristics of the strong typhoon, such as mean wind speed and wind direction, turbulence intensity, turbulence integral length scale, gust factor and power spectra of wind velocity, vertical profiles of mean wind speed were investigated in detail based on the wind data recorded during the strong typhoon. The measured results revealed that the wind characteristics in different stages during the typhoon varied remarkably. Through comparison with non-typhoon wind measurements, the phenomena of enhanced levels of turbulence intensity, gust factors, turbulence integral length scale and spectral magnitudes in typhoon boundary layer were observed. The monitored data and analysis results are expected to be useful for the wind-resistant design of offshore structures and buildings on seashores in typhoon-prone regions.

Transparent Lamellar Porous Material and Its Greatly Reduced Dielectric Constant

Lili Liu,Cuijiao Zhao,Yawen Huang,Xiaonan Wei,Hongtao Yu,Junxiao Yang 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.10

One trend for low dielectric materials is to reach low dielectric constant values at as low porosity as possible. In this work, a lamellar porous material was prepared by spin-coating of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanosheet composited film, followed by cross-linking of PVA and removing nanosheets. FTIR, XRD and TGA measurement results demonstrate that the templates were almost completely removed. SEM image shows that the etched PVA film has a lamellar porous structure. Dielectric test results indicate that at the porosity of only 17.5%, the dielectric constant of porous PVA is reduced to approximately half that of neat cross-linked PVA. The serial model shows a good consistence with experimental dielectric constant value. This explains well the high efficiency of lamellar porous structure in reducing dielectric constant.

Study of the Permeability of Tomato Pericarp Etched by Low-energy Ion Beams Based on α-particles Irradiation

Lili Zhang,Lianyun Chen,Xue Xu,Qing Huang,Yuejin Wu 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3

Low-energy ion beam bio-technology has been applied in the biological field and has gained remarkable success in crop and microbe breeding. However, to understand how low-energy ion beams interact with biological materials remains a challenge for researchers who work for the development of ion-beam bio-technology. In this work,tomato pericarp was used as the target sample to study the effect of ion beams on the permeability of biological objects. A series of experiments were conducted via irradiating tomato pericarp samples with low-energy (10 keV ~ 25 keV)ion beams followed by measuring the pericarp’s permeability using transmissive α particles. The transmissive spectra of α particles and the measurement of the tip number in CR39gave a quantitative evaluation of the sputtering effect caused by low-energy ions. Meanwhile, natural red dye was used to examine the permeability of irradiated tomato pericarp samples. It was found that the sputtering effect is not only proportional to the ion energy and dose, but dependent on the ion type as well. The damage caused by Ar ions due to sputtering was much more severe than that caused by N ions sputtering with the same dose. Therefore,this study not only demonstrates the permeability difference of biological membranes before and after ion irradiation,but also provides the information on how to optimize the experimental conditions for application of the low-energy ion beam in biology.

Cohesion Metrics for Evaluating Semantic Web Ontologies

Lili Liao,Guohua Shen,Zhiqiu Huang,Fei Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.11

With the widespread development of the Semantic Web, large-scale ontologies are being developed in more real-world applications to represent and integrate knowledge and data. There is an increasing need for measuring the cohesion of these ontologies for better understanding, maintenance, reuse and integration. The ontology cohesion metrics proposed in this paper can be used as a very useful complementarity of existing ontology cohesion metrics. Specifically, we first propose a set of evaluation metrics to measure the cohesion of ontologies based on directed acyclic graph. Following the framework for software measurement validation, we then evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed metrics theoretically. Finally, we conduct experiments using a set of classical ontologies; the results show that the proposed metrics are reasonable and effective.

Predictors of durable immune responses six months after the last vaccination in preventive HIV vaccine trials

Huang, Yunda,Zhang, Lily,Janes, Holly,Frahm, Nicole,Isaacs, Abby,Kim, Jerome H.,Montefiori, David,McElrath, M. Julie,Tomaras, Georgia D.,Gilbert, Peter B. Elsevier 2017 Vaccine Vol.35 No.8

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>The evaluation of durable immune responses is important in HIV vaccine research and development. The efficiency of such evaluation could be increased by incorporating predictors of the responses in the statistical analysis. In this paper, we investigated whether and how baseline demographic variables and immune responses measured two weeks after vaccination predicted durable immune responses measured six months later.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We included data from seven preventive HIV vaccine regimens evaluated in three clinical trials: a Phase 1 study of four DNA, NYVAC and/or AIDSVAX vaccine regimens (HVTN096), a Phase 2 study of two DNA and/or MVA vaccine regimens (HVTN205), and a Phase 3 study of a single ALVAC/AIDSVAX regimen (RV144). Regularized random forests and linear regression models were used to identify and evaluate predictors of the positivity and magnitude of durable immune responses.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>We analyzed 201 vaccine recipients with data from 10 to 127 immune response biomarkers, and 3–5 demographic variables. The best prediction of participants’ durable response positivity based on two-week responses rendered up to close-to-perfect accuracy; the best prediction of participants’ durable response magnitude rendered correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted responses ranging up to 0.91. Though prediction performances differed among biomarkers, durable immune responses were best predicted by the two-week response level of the same biomarker. Adding demographic information and two-week response levels of different biomarkers provided little or no improvement in the predictions.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>For some biomarkers and for the vaccines we studied, two-week post-vaccination responses can well predict durable responses six months later. Therefore, if immune response durability is only assessed in a sub-sample of vaccine recipients, statistical analyses of durable responses will have increased efficiency by incorporating two-week response data. Further research is needed to generalize the findings to other vaccine regimens and biomarkers.</P> <P>Clinicaltrials.gov identifiers: NCT01799954, NCT00820846, NCT00223080.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> HIV vaccine-induced immune responses at 2weeks predict those 6months later. </LI> <LI> The former responses can increase evaluation efficiency of vaccine durability. </LI> <LI> The former responses of the same biomarker best predict the latter. </LI> <LI> Demographics and responses of other biomarkers add little for prediction. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Wind characteristics of a strong typhoon in marine surface boundary layer

Song, Lili,Li, Q.S.,Chen, Wenchao,Qin, Peng,Huang, Haohui,He, Y.C. Techno-Press 2012 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.15 No.1

High-resolution wind data were acquired from a 100-m high offshore tower during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit in September, 2008. The meteorological tower was equipped with an ultrasonic anemometer and a number of cup anemometers at heights between 10 and 100 m. Wind characteristics of the strong typhoon, such as mean wind speed and wind direction, turbulence intensity, turbulence integral length scale, gust factor and power spectra of wind velocity, vertical profiles of mean wind speed were investigated in detail based on the wind data recorded during the strong typhoon. The measured results revealed that the wind characteristics in different stages during the typhoon varied remarkably. Through comparison with non-typhoon wind measurements, the phenomena of enhanced levels of turbulence intensity, gust factors, turbulence integral length scale and spectral magnitudes in typhoon boundary layer were observed. The monitored data and analysis results are expected to be useful for the wind-resistant design of offshore structures and buildings on seashores in typhoon-prone regions.

Mangiferin ameliorates placental oxidative stress and activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in mouse model of preeclampsia

Jing Huang,Lili Zheng,Fang Wang,Yuan Su,Hongfang Kong,Hong Xin 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.2

Preeclampsia is an inflammatory disease whichcan induce oxidative stress in placenta. Oxidative stressin preeclampsia is regulated by the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway. Mangiferin, an anti-oxidative molecule,is reported to ameliorate oxidative stress in the kidney andbrain through activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Weaimed to investigate the effects of mangiferin in a mousemodel of preeclampsia, which was induced by phosphatidylserine/dioleoyl-phosphatidycholine (PS/PC) from day 5to 17 of pregnancy. The female pregnant mice were dividedinto five groups according to drug treatment. Animalsreceived mangiferin orally at doses of 10, 20, 40 mg/kg/dayfrom day 0.5 to 17. In preeclampsia mouse model, elevatedsystolic blood pressure and proteinuria were ameliorated bymangiferin treatment. Mangiferin attenuated fms-like tyrosinekinase-1 and placental growth factor expression andoxidative stress in both blood and placenta of preeclampsiamice. The suppressed PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in placentawas activated by mangiferin treatment. This study demonstratesthat mangiferin ameliorates placental oxidative stressand activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in a mouse modelof preeclampsia.

A New Approach for Test Detection Using Homoge

Jianhua Huang,Xianglong Tang,Jiafeng Liu,Lili Xu 한국어정보학회 2006 한국어정보학 Vol.8 No.1

In this paper, a new approach for text detection in images and video based on homogeneity is studied. The texture analysis is applied to the homogeneity domain. Both local information and global information are used while calculating the homogeneity feature. Text region property is confirmed by using neural network trained to extract property feature by a fixed size text detector in homogeneity domain. Comparisons with text detection edge‐based method show that the proposed method has a better accuracy.

Characteristics of the gut microbiota colonization, inflammatory profile, and plasma metabolome in intrauterine growth restricted piglets during the first 12 hours after birth

Shimeng Huang,Na Li,Cong Liu,Tiantian Li,Wei Wang,Lili Jiang,Zhen Li,Dandan Han,Shiyu Tao,Junjun Wang 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.9

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) predisposes newborns to inflammatory and metabolic disturbance. Disequilibrium of gut microbiota in early life has been implicated in the incidence of inflammation and metabolic diseases in adulthood. This study aimed to investigate the difference in gut microbiota colonization, cytokines and plasma metabolome between IUGR and normal birth weight (NBW) piglets in early life. At birth, reduced (P < 0.05) body, jejunum, and ileum weights, as well as decreased (P < 0.05) small intestinal villi and increased (P < 0.05) ileal crypt depth were observed in IUGR piglets compared with their NBW counterparts. Imbalanced inflammatory and plasma metabolome profile was observed in IUGR piglets. Furthermore, altered metabolites were mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory response. At 12 h after birth and after suckling colostrum, reduced (P < 0.05) postnatal growth and the small intestinal maturation retardation (P < 0.05) continued in IUGR piglets in comparison with those in NBW littermates. Besides, the gut microbiota structure was significantly altered by IUGR. Importantly, the disruption of the inflammatory profile and metabolic status mainly involved the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IFN-γ) and amino acid metabolism. Moreover, spearman correlation analysis showed that the increased abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and decreased abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 in IUGR piglets was closely associated with the alterations of slaughter weight, intestinal morphology, inflammatory cytokines, and plasma metabolites. Collectively, IUGR significantly impairs small intestine structure, modifies gut microbiota colonization, and disturbs inflammatory and metabolic profiles during the first 12 h after birth. The unbalanced gut microbiota mediated by IUGR contributes to the development of inflammation and metabolic diseases.

A NEW APPROACH FOR TEXT DETECTION USING HOMOGENEITY

Jianhua Huang,Xianglong Tang,Jiafeng Liu,Lili Xu 한국어정보학회 2005 국제학술대회 Vol.2005 No.08