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Lee, Seung Muk,Seo, Tae Yang,Park, Geun Chul,Choi, Jun Hyuk,Jeong, Sang Hyeon,Jung, Seung-Boo,Choi, Dae Hyuk,Lim, Jun Hyung,Joo, Jinho American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.10
<P>Mesocrystal is a promising material for improving photocatalytic activity because of its large specific surface area and almost single crystalline structure. In this work, anatase TiO2 mesocrystals were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal process and the morphology and consequent photocatalytic property was controlled through hydrofluoride (HF) addition. The morphology of TiO2 was significantly varied with the amount of HF addition. The pure TiO2 was elliptical mesocrystal, having bipyramidal sub units with high portion of {101} facets, arraying in the [001] direction. Similar mesocrystal morphologies were obtained, but the sub unit size decreased as HF content increased to 0.01 wt%, and the shape of the sub unit then changed to nanosheet with the introduction of further HF (1-2 wt%). The 0.01 wt% sample exhibited superior photocatalytic activity over the pure sample, decomposing similar to 70% and similar to 80% methylene blue in 1 h for the pure sample and 0.01 wt% sample, respectively, resulting from enlarged specific surface area and fluorinated surface. The photocatalytic activity reduced to similar to 20% for the 1-2 wt% particles due to the decrease in surface area and formation of the TiOF2 phase. The present work suggests that the morphology and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 mesocrystal are facilely modified through HF introduction.</P>
Lee, Sang-Hoon,Kim, Pyeung-Hyeun,Oh, Sang-Muk,Park, Jung-Hwan,Yoo, Yung-Choon,Lee, Junglim,Park, Seok-Rae The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2014 Immune Network Vol.14 No.6
TGF-${\beta}$ induces IgA class switching by B cells. We previously reported that Smad3 and Smad4, pivotal TGF-${\beta}$ signal-transducing transcription factors, mediate germline (GL) ${\alpha}$ transcription induced by TGF-${\beta}1$, resulting in IgA switching by mouse B cells. Post-translational sumoylation of Smad3 and Smad4 regulates TGF-${\beta}$-induced transcriptional activation in certain cell types. In the present study, we investigated the effect of sumoylation on TGF-${\beta}1$-induced, Smad3/4-mediated $GL{\alpha}$ transcription and IgA switching by mouse B cell line, CH12F3-2A. Overexpression of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-1, SUMO-2 or SUMO-3 did not affect TGF-${\beta}1$-induced, Smad3/4-mediated $GL{\alpha}$ promoter activity, expression of endogenous $GL{\alpha}$ transcripts, surface IgA expression, and IgA production. Next, we tested the effect of the E3 ligase PIASy on TGF-${\beta}1$-induced, Smad3/4-mediated $GL{\alpha}$ promoter activity. We found that PIASy overexpression suppresses the $GL{\alpha}$ promoter activity in cooperation with histone deacetylase 1. Taken together, these results suggest that SUMO itself does not affect regulation of $GL{\alpha}$ transcription and IgA switching induced by TGF-${\beta}1$/Smad3/4, while PIASy acts as a repressor.
( Sang Muk Hwang ),( Ji Hyun Yang ),( Sang Kyung Jo ),( Myung Seok Lee ),( Sang Hoon Park ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most frequent and devastating complication in cirrhotic patients. Emerging evidences suggest that novel biomarkers could predict AKI earlier than conventional markers and better predict prognosis in these patients. To determine the incidence and prognosis of AKI in acutely decompensated cirrhotic patients and also test whether plasma cystatinc C, urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), insulin like growth factor 7 (IGFBP7) could predict the development of AKI and prognosis. Methods: This is a single center prospective observational study conducted between May 2015 and Dec. 2017 with acutely decompensated cirrhotic patients. AKI was defined by KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) criteria and urine and plasma samples were collected at the time of admission. Performances of novel biomarkers as well as various functional, clinical parameters were compared. Results: Of 111 patients, 45 (40.5%) developed AKI during hospitalization and these patients showed significantly higher mortality (25% vs. 46.5%, P=0.02). Although initial BUN and serum creatinine were not different, plasma cystatin C and urine NGAL at the time of admission were significantly increased in patients who developed AKI and also death. Plasma cystatin C and urine NGAL were independently associated with the development of AKI after adjusting for clinical variables including age, co-morbidity and Child-Pugh score. [plasma cystatin C, odds ratio (OR) 2.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01- 4.35), urine NGAL, OR 1.04, CI 1.01-1.05]. Although these biomarkers failed to predict mortality independent of clinical variables, urine NGAL significantly improved the accuracy of MELD in predicting mortality. Conclusions: Novel biomarkers including plasma cystatin C or urine NGAL might be useful in earlier diagnosis of AKI and also in predicting mortality in acutely decompensated cirrhotic patients.
Lee, Kyoung-Muk,Oh, Seh-Min,Lee, Sung-Man Korean Chemical Society 2008 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.29 No.6
A carbon composite was synthesized by mechanical mixing of ball-milled graphite and PVC powders, followed by pyrolysis reaction of PVC. Natural graphite ball milled under atmosphere of argon or air leads to a disordered structure. It appears that the electrochemical lithium intercalation reaction is dependent on the atmosphere in which the graphite is ball milled. The carbon composite obtained using air-milled graphite shows a high reversible capacity and high initial coulombic efficiency compared to argon-milled graphite. This is attributed to the enhanced thermal stability of a disordered structure in the air milled sample. For the one with air-milled graphite, the disordered structure is maintained during heat treatment, while argon-milled graphite is partially crystallized.
Bulk Effects of Thermal Flow Resists
sang-kon kim,오혜근,Cheol-Kyu Bok,안일신,Seung-Chan Moon,Sung-Muk Lee 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.2
In the semiconductor lithography process, the thermal flow process after development can pattern sub-100-nm contact holes and saves the cost of using resolution enhancement technology. In this study, the resist flowing behavior and the contact hole shrinkage are described by using the level-set method and the thermal reflow length. The viscosity variable affects the shrinkage of the critical dimension. This variable is extracted from the experimental data by using a proposed equation. Our simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results for various baking temperatures and times. Although the most effective process of a 193-nm chemically amplified resist is the post exposure bake process, the inhibition reaction order of the enhanced Mack model, which is a parameter of the development process, is shown to be the most controllable parameter for the critical dimension. In the resist reflow process, the side-wall angle of the resist profile is decreased by the surface tension. This phenomenon is shown to be similar to that in the spin coating process by modeling a dimensionless parameter in spin coating.
( Sang-muk Park ),( Sun-kyung Lee ),( Yoon-sik Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2011 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.43 No.3
The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection has been strongly associated with pathogenesis of uterine cervix carcinoma. HPV type 16, a causative agent of uterine cervix carcinoma, encodes the E6 and E7 oncogenes, expression of which is pivotal for malignant transformation and maintenance of malignant phenotypes. To develop a gene therapy for HPV-related carcinoma, We investigated the effect of E6 short-interfering RNA (E6 siRNA) on the expression of this oncogene and on the growth of HPV 16-related uterine cervix carcinoma cells. SiHa cells, a uterine cervix carcinoma cell line, which contain a single copy of HPV 16 integrated in the chromosome and express the E6 and E7 oncogenes. Before 24 hr of transfection, cells were seeded and transfected with control plasmid or E6 siRNA-expressing plasmid. The mRNA was analysed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR). The cell growth rate was investigated by MTT method. The E6 mRNA level in SiHa cells was decreased in HPV 16 E6 siRNA-expression vector transfected cells and a decrease in the growth of these cells was also observed. From these results. it is evident that E6 siRNA played a role in suppression of growth of SiHa cells and has a fair chance as a candidate for gene specific therapy for HPV related uterine cervix carcinoma.
Aquitalea denitrificans sp. nov., isolated from a Korean wetland.
Lee, Chang-Muk,Weon, Hang-Yeon,Kim, Yoo-Jeong,Son, Jung-A,Yoon, Sang-Hong,Koo, Bon-Sung,Kwon, Soon-Wo Society for General Microbiology 2009 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.59 No.5
<P>A novel bacterium, designated strain 5YN1-3(T), was isolated from wetland peat collected from Yongneup, Korea. The bacterium was facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, yellow-coloured, rod-shaped, mesophilic and motile with one polar flagellum. The strain grew optimally at 30 degrees C, at pH 6.0-9.0 and with 0-1 % NaCl (w/v). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed the highest similarity to the sequence from Aquitalea magnusonii TRO-001DR8(T), with 98.7 % sequence similarity. However, strain 5YN1-3(T) showed DNA-DNA relatedness of 43 % (40 % in a reciprocal experiment) with A. magnusonii LMG 23054(T). The strain contained summed feature 3 (iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH and/or C(16 : 1)omega7c) and C(16 : 0) as major cellular fatty acids. On the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness and physiological and biochemical characterization, strain 5YN1-3(T) should be assigned to a novel species of the genus Aquitalea, for which the name Aquitalea denitrificans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5YN1-3(T) (=KACC 12729(T) =DSM 21300(T)).</P>