Chinese Tourist’s Goals, Expectation and Confirmation in Korea: Importance-Performances Analysis

Lee,Un-Kon,Shi,Yanchao,Dong,Ximei 한국상품학회 2019 商品學硏究 Vol.37 No.2

Many Chinese tourists visit in Korea, but somebody complains that his expectation has not be fulfilled in Korea. We performed the importance-performance analysis to find the gaps between Chinese tourists expectation and confirmation in the various tourism goals. Results indicate that all values of expectations and performances are higher than the median value of 4 in each tourism goal and such tourism goals as Safety and K-wave are elected as the critical area which needs promotion to attract the more Chinese tourists in Korea. This paper could contribute to provide the basic information to make the tourism promotion strategy for Korean tourism agencies.

백삼의 건조와 가용성 성분 추출에 미치는 pulsed electric fields(PEF)의 효과

임정호(Jeong Ho Lim),심재민(Jae Min Shim),이동언(Dong Un Lee1),김영호(Young Ho Kim),박기재(Kee-Jai Park) 한국식품과학회 2012 한국식품과학회지 Vol.44 No.6

식품의 가공공정에서 투입되는 에너지의 절감을 위한 방안으로 대표적이 농산물 건조제품인 인삼의 건조과정에서 PEF를 처리함으로써 건조효율에 미치는 영향과 PEF를 처리하여 건조한 인삼인 백삼의 열수 추출과정에서의 추출효율에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 4년근 수삼을 2 kV/cm, 200 Hz, 7초의 조건으로 PEF를 처리하여 55±1℃에서 건조한 결과 건조시간을 약 38% 단축시킬 수 있는 결과를 얻었다. 건조한 백삼을 95±1℃로 추출한 결과 무처리에 비해 2 kV/cm, 25 Hz, 7초간 PEF 처리한 건조 백삼, 2 kV/cm, 200 Hz, 7초간 PEF 처리하여 건조한 백삼의 열수 추출물의 고형분 함량, 환원당 함량, 유리당 함량 등에서는 유의적인 차이를 나타내었으나 당도와 진세노사이드 함량에서는 부분적인 유의적 차이만을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 감안할 때 수삼에 PEF를 처리함으로써 건조시간을 효과적으로 단축시킬 수 있고 추출시에도 가용성 고형분의 추출시간을 단축할 수 있는 유용한 수단이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was designed to investigate the effect of pulsed electric fields on the drying of ginseng and extraction of dried ginseng to reduce energy-consumption. Fresh ginseng was treated in a PEF system of 1 and 2 kV/cm electric field strength, 25 and 200 Hz of frequency, 30 μs of pulse width and pulse number of 175. The samples were subsequently dried for 26 h at 55±1℃, and the characteristic of hot-water extraction on dried ginseng was investigated. The ginseng pretreated with an intensity of 2 kV/cm (200 Hz, n=175) resulted in a reduction of approximately 38% for drying time. The influence of PEF treatment on the water extraction of dried ginseng at 95±1℃ was also investigated. The application of an electric field intensity of 2 kV/cm (25 and 200 Hz, n=175) increased soluble solid content, significantly reducing sugar content and free sugar content of the extract compared to non-PEF-treated samples.

The pancytopenia associated with 50% nitroud oxide-enflurane anaesthesia

Dong Sun Seo,Jung Un Lee Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine 1991 Acute and Critical Care Vol.6 No.2

No abstract available.

Efficacy of UV-TiO₂ photocatalysis technology for inactivation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12 on the surface of blueberries and a model agar matrix and the influence of surface characteristics

Lee, Mijin,Shahbaz, Hafiz Muhammad,Kim, Jeong Un,Lee, Hyunah,Lee, Dong-Un,Park, Jiyong Elsevier 2018 FOOD MICROBIOLOGY Vol.76 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Surface disinfection of fresh blueberries is an important food safety challenge due to the delicate texture and short shelf life of these small fruits. A newly designed water-assisted photocatalytic reactor was developed for disinfection of fruits with a delicate texture and complex surface characteristics. Efficacy of UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis was evaluated in comparison with UV alone for inactivation of <I>Escherichia coli</I> K12 (as a surrogate for <I>Escherichia coli</I> O157:H7) inoculated onto the surface of the blueberry skin, calyx, and an experimentally prepared agar matrix that was used as a model matrix. Influence of surface characteristics such as surface hydrophobicity and surface free energy on bacterial adhesion were also investigated. The initial bacterial population on all surfaces was approximately 7.0 log CFU/g. UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis (4.5 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) for 30 s achieved comparatively higher bacterial reductions of 5.3 log and 4.6 log CFU/g on blueberry skin and agar matrix surfaces, respectively, than 4.5 log and 3.4 log CFU/g reductions for UV alone (6.0 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). Total phenolic and total anthocyanin contents of fruits were significantly increased after both UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> and UV treatments, compared with water washed control fruits. UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis technology is a non-chemical and residue-free method with reduced water usage for surface disinfection of fresh blueberries.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Photocatalysis method was developed for disinfection of fruits with a delicate texture. </LI> <LI> UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis was effective against <I>E. coli</I> K12 on blueberry fruit surface. </LI> <LI> Surface properties of blueberry skin and calyx influenced the disinfection efficiency. </LI> <LI> Photocatalysis is a non-chemical and residue-free method with reduced water usage. </LI> </UL> </P>

핵연료 저장시설의 임계 안전성 분석

Dong Ha Kim,Un Chul Lee Korean Nuclear Society 1982 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.14 No.2

1977년 집합체 cell 중심간의 간격을 53.34cm(162 연료 집합체 저장)에서 36cm(562 연료 집합체저장)로 줄임으로 고리 1호기 부속 기사용 연료 저장 용량을 화장하였다. 확장된 저장 시설에 대하여 Monte Carlo방법을 이용한 KENO-IV코드로 Core Performance Branch에서 제시한 비정상적인 냉각수 밀도 조건에 따라 유효증배계수를 구하였다. KENO-IV결과 밀도 0.1143g/cm에서 최대유효 증배계수 0.9958$\pm$0.0048을 얻었고, 이 값은 US NRC 기준과 CPB기준인 0.98을 초과하므로 새로운 집합체 cell중심간의 간격을 구하였다. 이 과정은 KENO-IV보다 보수적인 결과를 나타내는 확산 코드 KIDD를 이용하여 cell중심간의 간격에 따른 상관 연구로부터 새로운 cell중심간의 간격을 얻었다. 이로부터 현재의 집합체 cell중심 간의 간격 36cm를 43cm 이상으로 늘려야 비정상적인 냉각수 밀도의 감소로 인한 사고의 경우에도 안전함을 알았다. In 1977, spent fuel storage capacity of Ko-Ri Unit 1 was raised to contain 4-2/3 core, by reducing the center-to-center spacing between fuel assemblies from 53.34cm to 36cm. In this paper the adequacy is discussed in detail by examining the previous design analysis report. According to the analytic method presented by Core Performance Branch, study on credible abnormal moderator density condition is performed by using KENO-IV for the redesigned spent fuel storage facility. Result shows that 36cm for the center-to-center spacing between fuel assemblies is not enough to keep the storage safe at water density of 0.1143g/㎤, which gives the maximum $K_{eff}$ 0.9958$\pm$0.0048, which exceeds the CPB regulation limit 0.98. From sensitivity study regarding to the center-to-center spacing, it should be maintained to space greater than 43cm in order to meet the CPB requirements.s.

Effect of Labetalol on Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Postoperative Hypertension

Lee, Jung-Un,Seo, Dong-Sun 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.2

수술후 발생할 수 있는 합병증 중의 하나인 고혈압 발생시 심근경색증, 부정맥 또는 울혈성심부전 등을 초래할 수 있을 뿐만아니라 심할 경우 뇌혈관장애까지 발생할 수 있다. 고혈압을 초래할 수 있는 원인으로서 가장 흔한 것으로 동통에 의한 혈중 cathecholamine 분비의 증가를 들 수 있으며 그 밖에 과탄산혈증, 저산소증, 혈압상승제의 잔류효과 및 수액의 과다보충 등이 있을 수 있으며 이러한 술후 고혈압의 치료를 위하여 혈관확장제, 알파- 및 베타-아드레날린수용체차단제 및 칼슘통로차단제 등의 사용이 시도되어 왔다. 최근 소개된 labetalol은 선택적으로 알파 1-아드레날린수용체 그리고 비선택적으로 베타-아드레날린수용체를 차단시키는 항고혈압제로 전신혈관저항을 감소시키어 심근작업을 좋게 하고 심내막 내의 혈류를 증강시키어 심근산소소모량을 감소시키는 약물로 알려져 있다. 저자는 labetalol의 혈압 및 심박수 억제효과를 실험하기 위하여 심장질환이 없는 정상혈압의 환자 71명을 대상으로 약물을 투여하지 않은 대조군(13명,III군), labetalol을 체중당 각각 0.25mg을 정주한 군(16명, II군), 0.5mg을 정주한 군(13명, III군), 0.75mg을 정주한 군(14명, IV군) 그리고 1.0mg을 정주한 군(15명, V군)으로 나누어 labetalol 투여전후의 확장기, 이완기혈압 및 심박수를 측정 비교 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 최고의 약물 효과를 나타낸 시간은 labetalol 정맥투여 후 10분 내였다. 2. 수축기혈압의 변화 : 모든 군에서 labetalol 투여 후 최고 21.8%에서 최저 8.0%까지 통제적으로 유의한 감소를 관찰하였다(P<0.05). 3. 이완기혈압의 변화 : III, IV군에서 약물 투여 후 최고 17.4%에서 최저 6.2%의 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 관찰하였다.(P<0.05) 4. 심박수의 변화 : 모든 군에서 약물 투여 후 최고 20.3%에서 최저 9.8%의 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 관찰하였다.(P<0.01) 5. 수축시혈압, 이완기혈압 및 심박수 공히 각 군 및 약물 투여시간 간의 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 없었다.

Two New Chemical Constituents from the Rhizome of Sparganium stoloniferum

Lee, Seung-Young,Choi, Sang-Un,Lee, Dong-Ung,Lee, Jei-Hyun,Lee, Kang-Ro Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.12

The Effects of Acupuncture(ST36. LI4) on the Colonic Transit Time in Chronic Constipation Patients

Lee, Un Jung,Kim, Dong Woung 대한동의생리학회,대한동의병리학회 2003 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Background and Purpose : We were to investigate whether simple and electric acupuncture can affect the colonic transit time in both normal persons and chronic constipation patients. Methods : Twenty one volunteers were divided into two groups; first, normal control group(N=12) who had normal defecation habits, second, chronic constipation group(N=13). Before acupuncture, colonic transit time was checked using radio-opaque markers. Then simple acupuncture was done at four acupoints(both ST36, L14) and maintained for 15 minutes during 4 days. Electric acupuncture was done using same methods except for applying 2Hz electrical stimulation. Result : In the normal group, after simple acupuncture, each transit time in the total, right, left was not changed statistic significance compared to pre-acupuncture(P>0.05), but which of rectosigmoid colon shortened statistic significance(P<0.05). After Electric acupuncture, transit time of right colon was shortened(P<0.05), and extended(P>0.05) in rectosigmoid colon compared to pre-acupuncture and simple acupuncture. In constipation group, after simple acupuncture, only rectosigmoid colonic transit time shortened statistic significance compared to pre-acupuncture(P<0.05). After electric acupuncture, also the transit time of rectosigmoid colon was shortened statistic significance compared to pre-acupuncture(P<0.05), but not to simple acupuncture(P>0.05). Conclusion : In normal persons without constipation, acupuncture affect the colonic transit time differently to the methods of it. In chronic constipation group, simple and electric acupuncture only reduces the rectosigmoid colonic transit time statistically significant(P<0.05).

The Influence of Face Shields on the Quality of Colonoscopy in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Lee Jin Wook,Lee Hyo Jeong,Kim Dae Sung,Yoon Jiyoung,Hong Seung Wook,Hwang Ha Won,Lee Jong-Soo,Kim Gwang-Un,Lee Sinwon,Choe Jaewon,Park Jin Hwa,Yang Dong-Hoon,Byeon Jeong-Sik 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.3

Background/Aims: The worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led endoscopists to use personal protective equipment (PPE) for infection prevention. This study aimed to investigate whether wearing a face shield as PPE affects the quality of colonoscopy. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and colonoscopy findings of patients who underwent colonoscopies at Asan Medical Center, Korea from March 10 to May 31, 2020. The colonoscopies in this study were performed by five gastroenterology fellows and four expert endoscopists. We compared colonoscopy quality indicators, such as withdrawal time, adenoma detection rate (ADR), mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC), polypectomy time, and polypectomy adverse events, both before and after face shields were added as PPE on April 13, 2020. Results: Of the 1,344 colonoscopies analyzed, 715 and 629 were performed before and after the introduction of face shields, respectively. The median withdrawal time was similar between the face shield and no-face shield groups (8.72 minutes vs 8.68 minutes, p=0.816), as was the ADR (41.5% vs 39.8%, p=0.605) and APC (0.72 vs 0.77, p=0.510). Polypectomy-associated quality indicators, such as polypectomy time and polypectomy adverse events were also not different between the groups. Quality indicators were not different between the face shield and no-face shield groups of gastroenterology fellows, or of expert endoscopists. Conclusions: Colonoscopy performance was not unfavorably affected by the use of a face shield. PPE, including face shields, can be recommended without a concern about colonoscopy quality deterioration.

Cutaneous metastases from pancreatic cancer simultaneously developed on the scalp and chest

( Dong Yeup Lee ),( Dong Joo Kim ),( Soo Kyung Lee ),( Myoung Shin Kim ),( Un Ha Lee ),( Jeong Hee Hahm ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.1

Cutaneous metastases from the internal malignancies are rare compared to metastasis to other organs, and the incidence of cutaneous metastases from the internal carcinoma was estimated to be between 0.6% and 10.4% of all skin cancer. According to many investigators, the most common type of primary tumor in male is metastasis from lung, whereas the breast is the most frequent origin in female. However, the metastasis from the pancreas is very rare and they represent only 0.9% of all cutaneous metastasis according to one report in Korea. In case of cutaneous metastasis from pancreas, the skin lesions prior to the diagnosis of primary pancreas are relatively common compared to metastasis from other organs. The most common metastatic location of skin is umbilicus, called Sister Mary Joseph nodule. Herein, we report a 83-year-old female patient with pancreatic cancer who developed the nodules on her scalp and clavicular area, simultaneously. The pathologic evaluation demonstrated that cutaneous metastasis originated from the pancreas.