Weavable and Highly Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Fibers for Wearable Electronics: A Scalable, Low-Temperature Process

Kwon, Seonil,Kim, Hyuncheol,Choi, Seungyeop,Jeong, Eun Gyo,Kim, Dohong,Lee, Somin,Lee, Ho Seung,Seo, Young Cheol,Choi, Kyung Cheol American Chemical Society 2018 Nano letters Vol.18 No.1

<P>Fiber-based wearable displays, one of the most desirable requisites of electronic textiles (e-textiles), have emerged as a technology for their capability to revolutionize textile and fashion industries in collaboration with the state-of-the-art electronics. Nonetheless, challenges remain for the fibertronic approaches, because fiber-based light-emitting devices suffer from much lower performance than those fabricated on planar substrates. Here, we report weavable and highly efficient fiber-based organic light-emitting diodes (fiber OLEDs) based on a simple, cost-effective and low-temperature solution process. The values obtained for the fiber OLEDs, including efficiency and lifetime, are similar to that of conventional glass-based counterparts, which means that these state-of-the-art, highly efficient solution processed planar OLEDs can be applied to cylindrical shaped fibers without a reduction in performance. The fiber OLEDs withstand tensile strain up to 4.3% at a radius of 3.5 mm and are verified to be weavable into textiles and knitted clothes by hand-weaving demonstrations. Furthermore, to ensure the scalability of the proposed scheme fiber OLEDs with several diameters of 300, 220, 120, and 90 μm, thinner than a human hair, are demonstrated successfully. We believe that this approach, suitable for cost-effective reel-to-reel production, can realize low-cost commercially feasible fiber-based wearable displays in the future.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

The relationship between nurse managers’ leadership and patient safety and quality of care: A systematic review

Somin Sang,Nowon Kwon,Hyunjie Lee,Seung Eun Lee 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): To examine the relationship between nurse managers’ leadership and patient safety and quality of care in hospital settings. Method(s): Online literature search was conducted, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, besides manual searching. On four databases, the search terms used were: “nurse leadership,” “nurse manager,” “nurse administrator,” “patient safety,” “patient outcome,” “quality of care,” “care quality,” and “hospital*.” The inclusion criteria for this review were studies that examined nurse managers’ leadership, investigated patient safety or quality of care as outcome variables, comprised samples of nurses working in hospital settings, employed quantitative study designs, and were published in the English language between 2011 and 2021. Result(s): This review included 12 studies. Two studies were conducted in Canada, two in Iran, two in the United States, and one each in Brazil, Ghana, Jordan, Pakistan, the Philippines, and South Korea. Three studies used a theoretical framework. Transformational leadership was positively related to quality of care, and negatively to frequency of adverse patient outcomes. Ethical leadership was negatively associated with frequency of nursing errors and positively with frequency of error reporting. Authentic leadership was positively related to quality of care but was insignificant to frequency of adverse patient outcomes. Transactional leadership and toxic leadership had negative association with quality of care. Toxic leadership was also associated with an increased frequency of adverse patient outcomes. Studies measuring non-specific leadership—such as nursing managers’ ability and support—and team leadership reported inconsistent results. Conclusion(s): The use of transactional and toxic leadership should be avoided while reinforcing transformational and ethical leadership of nurse managers that positively affect patient safety and quality of care. Future research is needed to elucidate the systematic mechanism between leadership and patient safety and quality of care based on theoretical frameworks.

행동기준 평정척도(BARS) 기반 대학생 핵심역량 진단 결과의 준거설정 및 활용

권승아(Kwon, Seung-a),이소민(Lee, Somin) 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2020 교육과학연구 Vol.51 No.4

본 연구는 행동기준 평정척도(behaviorally anchored rating scale) 기반 대학생 핵심역량 진단 결과에 준거참조평가를 도입하고, 피험자의 핵심역량 함양을 위한 진단적 정보를 실제적으로 제공하는 방안을 마련하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 A대학의 5대 핵심역량(10개 세부핵심역량)을 측정하는 데 활용한 행동기준 평정척도 90개 문항에 대한 재학생 940명의 응답 자료를 바탕으로 준거설정을 수행하였다. 준거설정을 위해 세부핵심역량의 성취수준과 각 성취수준의 조작적 정의를 수립하고, A대학 6인의 교원을 준거설정자로 선정하여 Modified-Angoff 방법과 Bookmark 방법을 통해 분할점수를 산출하였다. 분석 결과, 10개 세부핵심역량과 준거설정 방법에 따라 ‘탁월’, ‘우수’, ‘기본’, ‘미흡’ 성취수준의 분할점수 및 분류비율이 상이하게 나타났다. 준거설정 결과를 토대로, 개별 학생들이 핵심역량 진단 결과를 효과적으로 활용할 수 있는 결과 프로파일 보고 방안을 제시하였고, 준거참조평가가 적용된 대학생 핵심역량 진단 결과 활용의 의의를 논의하였다. This study aimed to introduce a criterion-referenced assessment of the results of the core competency diagnosis conducted on college students based on a behaviorally anchored rating scale and to devise a measure to provide practical diagnostic information for developing the core competencies of subjects. Hence, this study established criteria based on the response data of 940 enrolled students to 90 items of the behavioral standards rating scale, which was utilized to measure 5 core competencies (10 detailed core competencies) of University A. To establish the criteria, the achievement levels of detailed core competencies and operant definition of each achievement level were established, then 6 faculty members of University A were selected as criterion settlors to derive cut scores using the Modified-Angoff and Bookmark methods. In conclusion, the cut scores and classification rates of achievement levels “below basic,” “at basic,” “at proficient,” and “at advanced” varied depending on 10 detailed core competencies and criterion setting methods. Based on the conclusion of the criterion setting, this study suggests a profile reporting measure that allows individual students to effectively utilize the results of the core competency diagnosis conducted based on the criterion-referenced assessment and discusses the significance of utilizing the diagnosis results with the application of the assessment.

국가 화학물질 유해성정보 데이터베이스 구축 과정의 신뢰도 제고 방안에 관한 연구

이소민(Somin Lee),이민혁(Minhyeok Lee),강미진(Mijin Kang),권순광(Soon-Kwang Kwon),나진성(Jin-Sung Ra),박백수(Beaksoo Park) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.4

Objectives: According to the Act on Registration, Evaluation, Etc. of Chemicals, new and existing chemicals must be registered by 2030. In addition, industries need to submit hazard data as an attachment during the registration process. Therefore, we constructed a nationwide chemical database to support small industry by providing hazard data and original sources. During the process, we developed a new standard procedure for minimizing errors and increasing reliability. Methods: We analyzed the categories of errors and the cause of the errors through the verification results of the 2019 project. We present an improved database construction methodology and system. Results: Errors are categorized according to their causative factors into simple, technical, and structural type errors. Simple errors arise simply because of decreased concentration or negligence in following the instructions. Technical errors are caused by a discrepancy between the professional field and the type of data. Structural errors indicate systemic errors such as incomplete forms on the excel database or ambiguity in the guidelines. Lessons from the errors collected in the 2019 project are used to update the procedures for database authorization and technical guidelines. The main update points are as follows; ‘supplementation of review process’, ‘giving regular training to external reviewers’, ‘giving additional information to authors, like physico-chemical properties of substances, degradability, etc.’, ‘amendment of excel form’, and ‘guideline upgrades’. Conclusions: We conducted this study with the aim of improving the accuracy and reliability of the database of hazard information for chemical substances. The new procedures and guidelines are now being used in the 2020 project for construction of a hazard information database for Korea.

이상탐지를 위한 딥러닝 기반 학습모델의 성능평가 및 분산 학습모델

이소민(Somin Lee),권혁윤(Hyuk-Yoon Kwon) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

식이제한이 마우스 신장의 글루타치온 대사과정에 미치는 영향

이소민(Somin Lee),배지은(Ji Eun Bae),권도영(Doyoung Kwon),정영석(Young-Suk Jung) 대한약학회 2022 약학회지 Vol.66 No.6

Various benefits for the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis can be obtained through dietary restriction. Short-term fasting of mice may induce systemic metabolic remodeling, which may have a significant effect on the level of endogenous metabolites. This study was conducted to examine metabolic changes of sulfur-containing substances in the kidneys of fasted mice over 48 h. No change in the concentration of renal methionine was observed over 48 h; however, significant decreases in the concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine were observed at both 24 and 48 h after fasting. A significant decrease in the concentration of renal cysteine was observed from 24 h, and this was maintained at 48 h. A significant decrease in the concentration of glutathione (GSH) was observed in the kidney at 48 h, whereas increased concentrations of taurine were observed 48 h after fasting. Although significantly increased expression levels of BHMT were observed, markedly decreased expression levels of CβS were observed at 48 h after fasting, indicating activated generation of methionine, but downregulation of cysteine synthesis. The expression level of γ-GCL was not altered by fasting for 48 h; however, a significant increase of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase mediating the taurine synthesis was observed. Significantly decreased protein expression levels of solute carrier family 7 member 11, which imports extracellular cystine, were observed at 48 h. These results suggest that the renal methionine concentration was maintained during short-term fasting through an increase in the re-methylation of homocysteine. Moreover, a reduction in the concentration of cysteine was the result of an increase in the synthesis of taurine and a decrease in the uptake of extracellular cystine, which may result in a decreased concentration of renal GSH.

mGluR5 in the nucleus accumbens is critical for promoting resilience to chronic stress

Shin, Sora,Kwon, Obin,Kang, Jee In,Kwon, Somin,Oh, Sora,Choi, Jiwon,Kim, Chul Hoon,Kim, Dong Goo NATURE AMERICA 2015 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.7

Resilience to aversive events has a central role in determining whether stress leads to the development of depression. mGluR5 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, but the effect of mGluR5 activity on stress resilience remains unexplored. We found that mGluR5<SUP>−/−</SUP> (also known as Grm5<SUP>−/−</SUP>) mice displayed more depression-like behaviors (for example, learned helplessness, social withdrawal and anhedonia) than control mice following exposure to various stressful stimuli. Lentiviral 'rescue' of mGluR5 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) decreased these depression-like behaviors in mGluR5<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. In the NAc, ΔFosB, whose induction promotes stress resilience, failed to be upregulated by stress in mGluR5<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Notably, targeted pharmacological activation of mGluR5 in the NAc increased ΔFosB expression. Our findings point to an essential role for mGluR5 in promoting stress resilience and suggest that a defect in mGluR5-mediated signaling in the NAc may represent an endophenotype for stress-induced depression.

Effects of innate immune receptor stimulation on extracellular α-synuclein uptake and degradation by brain resident cells

Kim Changyoun,Kwon Somin,Iba Michiyo,Spencer Brian,Rockenstein Edward,Mante Michael,Adame Anthony,Shin Soo Jean,Fields Jerel A.,Rissman Robert A.,Lee Seung-Jae,Masliah Eliezer 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-

Synucleinopathies are age-related neurological disorders characterized by the progressive deposition of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates and include Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Although cell-to-cell α-syn transmission is thought to play a key role in the spread of α-syn pathology, the detailed mechanism is still unknown. Neuroinflammation is another key pathological feature of synucleinopathies. Previous studies have identified several immune receptors that mediate neuroinflammation in synucleinopathies, such as Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). However, the species of α-syn aggregates varies from study to study, and how different α-syn aggregate species interact with innate immune receptors has yet to be addressed. Therefore, we investigated whether innate immune receptors can facilitate the uptake of different species of α-syn aggregates. Here, we examined whether stimulation of TLRs could modulate the cellular uptake and degradation of α-syn fibrils despite a lack of direct interaction. We observed that stimulation of TLR2 in vitro accelerated α-syn fibril uptake in neurons and glia while delaying the degradation of α-syn in neurons and astrocytes. Internalized α-syn was rapidly degraded in microglia regardless of whether TLR2 was stimulated. However, cellular α-syn uptake and degradation kinetics were not altered by TLR4 stimulation. In addition, upregulation of TLR2 expression in a synucleinopathy mouse model increased the density of Lewy-body-like inclusions and induced morphological changes in microglia. Together, these results suggest that cell type-specific modulation of TLR2 may be a multifaceted and promising therapeutic strategy for synucleinopathies; inhibition of neuronal and astroglial TLR2 decreases pathogenic α-syn transmission, but activation of microglial TLR2 enhances microglial extracellular α-syn clearance.

FISH기법을 이용한 중국 운남성 자생 원종백합의 핵형분석과 NTS 분석

곽가(Ge Guo),안소민(Somin Ahn),권민지(Minji Kwon),Fahad Ramzan,임기병(Ki-Byung Lim) 한국원예학회 2015 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2015 No.10

SO₃ ²⁻/SO₄ ²⁻ functionalization-tailorable catalytic surface features of Sb-promoted Cu₃V₂O₈ on TiO₂ for selective catalytic reduction of NO_X

Kim, Jongsik,Lee, Somin,Kwon, Dong Wook,Lee, Kwan-Young,Ha, Heon Phil Elsevier 2019 Applied Catalysis A Vol.570 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>SO<SUB>2</SUB> is notorious to poison the catalytic surface during the selective catalytic reduction of NO<SUB>X</SUB> with NH<SUB>3</SUB> (NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR). Nonetheless, the use of poisonous SO<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB> as surface modifiers to generate the surface metal-SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> species (Y = 3 or 4) can be one of the viable ways for promoting catalytic NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR consequence. To develop a novel catalyst that is highly active in and selective to NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR, we previously explored four catalytic copper vanadates and determined the optimum active phase (i.e., Cu<SUB>3</SUB>V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>, denoted as Cu<SUB>3</SUB>) that revealed the greatest NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR performance, when combining with a proper Sb quantity of 1.4 wt. %. While using anatase (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) as a support, this study investigated the effect of SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> functionalization temperature on the surface property of the optimum catalyst, Sb-promoted Cu<SUB>3</SUB>V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> on TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (Cu<SUB>3</SUB>-Sb<SUB>1.4</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>). Cu<SUB>3</SUB>-Sb<SUB>1.4</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> was subjected to SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> functionalization at 300, 400, and 500 °C, leading to the formation of S300, S400, and S500. Although the catalyst surface was not fully functionalized with the SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> species in S300-S500, various metal sulfate or sulfite species appeared on the surfaces and showed distinct surface features. The SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> functionalization of Cu<SUB>3</SUB>-Sb<SUB>1.4</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> could not increase the quantity of Lewis acid sites. However, 400 °C was deemed as an adequate SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> functionalization temperature for increasing the quantity of Brӧnsted acid sites and the redox behavior of the intact Cu<SUB>3</SUB>-Sb<SUB>1.4</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. This could result from the increase in the surface abundance of Cu(SO<SUB>4</SUB>) or from a proper combination of the metal-bound SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> species with <I>mono</I>-dentate and <I>bi</I>-dentate binding configurations. Apart from exhibiting moderate tolerance to hydrothermal aging, S400 was also validated to improve its resistance to alkali-metal, H<SUB>2</SUB>O, SO<SUB>2</SUB>, (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB>, or (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)HSO<SUB>4</SUB> in comparison to its SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP>-unfunctionalized counterpart, S300, and S500.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sb-promoted Cu<SUB>3</SUB>V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> subjected to SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP>-functionalization at 300–500 °C to obtain S300-S500. </LI> <LI> S400 populated the metal-SO<SUB>Y</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> surface species, yet balanced the ionic and covalent features. </LI> <LI> S400 promoted NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR performance because of its enhanced quantity of acid sites and redox character. </LI> <LI> S400 exhibited moderate resistance to hydro-thermal aging during NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR. </LI> <LI> S400 revealed improved tolerance to alkali metal/SO<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>O/AS/ABS species during NH<SUB>3</SUB>-SCR. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>