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      • KCI등재

        A new thinning-based INAR(1) process for underdispersed or overdispersed counts

        Kang Yao,Wang Dehui,Yang Kai,Zhang Yulin 한국통계학회 2020 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.49 No.2

        Underdispersed and overdispersed phenomena are often observed in practice. To deal with these phenomena, we introduce a new thinning-based integer-valued autoregressive process. Some probabilistic and statistical properties of the process are obtained. The asymptotic normality of the estimators of the model parameters, using conditional least squares, weighted conditional least squares and modified quasi-likelihood methods, are presented. One overdispersed real-data example and one underdispersed real-data example are given to show the flexibility and superiority of the new model.

      • KCI등재

        Modified Compact Combline Filter Using Planar Parallel Coupled Structure with Extended Rejection Bandwidth

        Kang, In-Ho,Wang, Kai,Li, Shang MIng Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research 2010 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.34 No.7

        Modified compact combline bandpass filters are proposed based on the miniaturized quarter-wave transmission line which is composed of the parallel coupled line and lumped capacitors. The electrical length of the parallel coupled line in a resonator, which determines the size of combline bandpass filters, is just $5^{\circ}$ or $7^{\circ}$, resulting in a compact circuit area. The designed combline bandpass filter also has a wide upper stopband by suppressing the spurious passbands, not moving. Measured results of two fabricated filters centered at 400MHz show good agreement with the theoretical predications.

      • KCI등재

        Thermal Management Performance of Epoxy Composites with Boron Nitride and Boron Phosphide Hybrid Fillers

        Yi Wang,Kai Wang,Jiajun Hu,Kang Si,Hongyan Xia 대한금속·재료학회 2023 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.19 No.6

        Thermal interface materials with high thermal conductivity are the best choice to solve the current overheating problem of electronic devices, and the choice of thermal conductive fi ller is a key factor aff ecting the performance of thermal interface composites. Hexagonal boron nitride sheet is considered to be ideal thermal conductive fi ller, but the thermal conductive eff ect of single fi ller is still insuffi cient to meet actual needs. Here, a new type of hybrid fi ller mixed with boron nitride sheet and boron phosphide particles is used to prepare epoxy based composites. When the fi ller volume fraction is 40%, the thermal conductivity of composites reaches 3.18 W m −1 K −1 . Under the same content, the thermal conductivity of the composites with mixed fi llers outperforms those with boron nitride sheet alone. At the same time, the composite material shows high breakdown strength of 46 kV mm −1 . This work provides a new way to prepare thermal interface materials with high thermal conductivity for modern electronic packaging.

      • KCI등재

        Performance Analysis of Hybrid SIMO-RF/FSO Communication System with Fixed Gain AF Relay

        Wenxiao Shi,Kai Kang,Zhuo Wang,Wei Liu 한국광학회 2019 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.3 No.5

        This paper investigates the performance of a hybrid single input multiple output radio frequency/free-space optics (SIMO-RF/FSO) communication system. Each SIMO-RF link is modeled as an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh distribution, while the FSO link follows a generalized Málaga (M) distribution. Considering the fixed gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relay and misalignment errors, novel expressions for the outage probability (OP), average bit error rate (ABER) and average capacity are derived. Numerical results show that atmospheric turbulence and misalignment errors can seriously impair the system performance, and the hybrid RF/FSO communication system using SIMO-RF links can greatly improve system performance. We also analyze system performance under different types of modulation schemes. Numerical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulations.

      • KCI등재

        Modified Compact Combline Filter Using Planar Parallel Coupled Structure with Extended Rejection Bandwidth

        In-Ho Kang,Kai Wang,Shang MIng Li 한국항해항만학회 2010 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.34 No.7

        Modified compact combline bandpass filters are proposed based on the miniaturized quarter-wave transmission line which is composed of the parallel coupled line and lumped capacitors. The electrical length of the parallel coupled line in a resonator, which determines the size of combline bandpass filters, is just 5°or 7°, resulting in a compact circuit area. The designed combline bandpass filter also has a wide upper stopband by suppressing the spurious passbands, not moving. Measured results of two fabricated filters centered at 400MHz show good agreement with the theoretical predications.

      • <i>In vivo</i> imaging of myocardial cell death using a peptide probe and assessment of long-term heart function

        Acharya, Bodhraj,Wang, Kai,Kim, In-San,Kang, WoongChol,Moon, Chanil,Lee, Byung-Heon Elsevier 2013 Journal of controlled release Vol.172 No.1

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>During acute myocardial infarction (AMI), both apoptosis and necrosis of myocardial cells could occur and lead to left ventricular (LV) functional decline. Here we determined whether <I>in vivo</I> imaging signals of myocardial cell death by ApoPep-1 (CQRPPR), a peptide probe that binds to apoptotic and necrotic cells through histone H1, at an early stage after AMI showed correlation with the long-term heart function. AMI was induced using a rat model of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Fluorescence-labeled ApoPep-1 was administered by intravenous injection into rats 2h after reperfusion. <I>Ex vivo</I> imaging of hearts isolated 2h after peptide injection showed higher levels of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) signals at hearts of I/R rats than those of sham-operated rats. The fluorescent peptide was rapidly cleared from the blood and did not bind to red and white blood cells. Localization of fluorescent ApoPep-1 at the area of cell death was demonstrated by co-staining of myocardial tissue with TUNEL. The intensity of <I>in vivo</I> NIRF imaging signals by homing of ApoPep-1 to injured myocardium of I/R rats obtained 2h after peptide injection (equivalent to 4h after injury) showed strong and moderate correlation with the change in the LV ejection fractions (r<SUP>2</SUP> =0.82) and the size of the fibrotic area (r<SUP>2</SUP> =0.64), respectively, observed at four weeks after injury. These results suggest that ApoPep-1-mediated <I>in vivo</I> imaging signals of myocardial cell death, including both apoptosis and necrosis, at an early stage of AMI could be a potential biomarker for assessment of long-term outcome of heart function.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Peptide-based <I>in vivo</I> imaging of myocardial cell death for assessment of long-term heart function</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • KCI등재

        Ischemic postconditioning protects cardiomyocytes against ischemia/reperfusion injury by inducing MIP2

        Hong-Lin Zhu,Kang-Kai Wang,Xing Wei,Shun-Lin Qu,Chi Zhang,Xiao-Xia Zuo,Yan-Sheng Feng,Qi Luo,Guang-Wen Chen,Mei-Dong Liu,Lei Jiang,Xian-Zhong Xiao 생화학분자생물학회 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.8

        Cardiomyocytes can resist ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)injury through ischemic postconditioning (IPoC)which is repetitive ischemia induced during the onset of reperfusion. Myocardial ischemic preconditioning up-regulated protein 2 (MIP2) is a member of the WD-40family proteins, we previously showed that MIP2 was up-regulated during ischemic preconditioning (IPC). As IPC and IPoC engaged similar molecular mechanisms in cardioprotection, this study aimed to elucidate whether MIP2 was up-regulated during IPoC and contributed to IPoC-mediated protection against I/R injury. The experiment was conducted on two models,an in vivo open chest rat coronary artery occlusion model and an in vitro model with H9c2 myogenic cells. In both models, 3 groups were constituted and randomly designated as the sham, I/R and IPoC/hypoxia postconditioning (HPoC) groups. In the IPoC group, after 45 min of ischemia, hearts were allowed three cycles of reperfusion/ischemia phases (each of 30 s duration)followed by reperfusion. In the HPoC group, after 6 h of hypoxia, H9c2 cells were subjected to three cycles of 10 minute reoxygenation and 10 minute hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. IPoC significantly reduced the infarct size, plasma level of Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase MB in rats. 12 h after the reperfusion,MIP2 mRNA levels in the IPoC group were 10 folds that of the sham group and 1.4 folds that of the I/R group. Increased expression of MIP2 mRNA and attenuation of apoptosis were similarly observed in the HPoC group in the in vitro model. These effects were blunted by transfection with MIP2 siRNA in the H9c2cells. This study demonstrated that IPoC induced protection was associated with increased expression of MIP2. Both MIP2 overexpression and MIP2 suppression can influence the IPoC induced protection.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Ce3+ triggers fenton-like processes in neutral solutions for effective catechol degradation

        Xing Chen,Xu Liu,Hai-Bo Wang,Kang-Ping Cui,Rohan Weerasooriya,Shi-Long He,Guang-Hong Li,Jun Pan,Kai Zhou 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.1

        Classical Fenton and Fenton-like processes destruct organic pollutants in water non-selectively to complete mineralization. However, the usage of classical Fenton or Fenton-like processes is often limited due to the narrow operational pH window, sludge accumulation, inefficient H₂O₂ and efficiency decline. To overcome these constraints, in this study, we used a homogeneous Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>-H₂O₂ Fenton-like process to degrade catechol at different experimental conditions. At pH 7, almost 97% of 10 mM catechol can be destructed within 60 min while the degradation by Classical Fenton or Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-H₂O₂ Fenton-like process only 36.2% and 23.7%. The resultant solution after the degradation contains only traces of cerium ions. The sludge created by the process was extensively characterized by FTIR and XPS spectroscopy to elucidate the fate of cerium ions. Electron spin resonance (ESR) data confirmed •OH as the major free radical in Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>-H₂O₂ process. Our Fenton-like process widens the optimal pH values to neutral condition.

      • KCI등재

        Study on Drilling Ground Collapse Induced by Groundwater Flow and Prevention Based on a Coupled CFD-DEM Method

        Hao-tong Zhou,Chang-qing Liu,Gui-he Wang,Kai Kang,Yu-hong Liu 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.5

        Given the hazards caused by drilling ground collapse (DGC) due to groundwater flow in the processes of geotechnical engineering investigation, a coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) method is adopted to numerically simulate the development of hazards. An improved coupling program is employed to realize the two-way coupling between open-source CFD code OpenFOAM and commercial DEM software PFC3D. The coupling program allows complex meshes generated by ANSYS ICEM to be imported into PFC3D. The feasibility and accuracy of the CFD-DEM method are first verified by simulating a single spherical particle settling in hydrostatic water and the formation of the repose angle of sandpiles. Then, this method is adopted to investigate the patterns of stratum deformation and foundation loss, typical particle flow processes, and characteristics of drilling rig toppling. Finally, measures for prevention of DGC induced by groundwater flow are discussed in detail. Two typical strata, including a water-rich sand stratum and a water-rich sand-clay compound stratum, are considered. The research results show that for the water-rich sand stratum, DGC induces a “bowl”-shaped settlement trough, and the maximum value of ground surface settlement is proportional to the foundation loss rate. For the water-rich sand-clay compound stratum, a “jar”-shaped settlement trough is created. Four typical particle flow processes are involved in DGC. The drilling rig topples toward the center of the settlement trough. The maximum displacement appears at the top of the tower and has an approximate linear correlation with the groundwater flow velocity. The measures and methods of DGC prevention are also summarized in detail. The results of this research provide a reference for hazard prevention and delicacy control of DGC induced by groundwater flow.

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