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- 저자 : Kaeding, J.F. (검색결과 11 건)
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Bae, S.Y.,Lee, D.S.,Kong, B.H.,Cho, H.K.,Kaeding, J.F.,Nakamura, S.,DenBaars, S.P.,Speck, J.S. Elsevier 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
(112@?2) semipolar GaN thin films were grown on intentionally miscut m-plane sapphire substrates using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. We investigated the material and electrical characteristics by changing the miscut angle from -1<SUP>o</SUP> to +1<SUP>o</SUP>. While the coexistence of (112@?2) surface and inclined {101@?1} surfaces was observed on GaN films on the on-axis m-plane sapphire substrates, {101@?1} surfaces were dominant on the GaN films on the +1<SUP>o</SUP> miscut sapphire substrates. As the miscut angle was changed from -1<SUP>o</SUP> to +1<SUP>o</SUP>, the crystallinity of the GaN films and the electroluminescence intensity of the LEDs were significantly improved.
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배시영,D.S. Lee,B.H. Kong,H.K. Cho,J.F. Kaeding,S. Nakamura,S.P. DenBaars,J.S. Speck 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
(1122) semipolar GaN thin films were grown on intentionally miscut m-plane sapphire substrates using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. We investigated the material and electrical characteristics by changing the miscut angle from -1° to +1°. While the coexistence of (1122) surface and inclined {1011}surfaces was observed on GaN films on the on-axis m-plane sapphire substrates,{1011}surfaces were dominant on the GaN films on the +1° miscut sapphire substrates. As the miscut angle was changed from -1° to +1°, the crystallinity of the GaN films and the electroluminescence intensity of the LEDs were significantly improved.
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Kaede Sano 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7
Social media was originally based on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and is described as “user-generated content” (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2010). Although initially used for communication among internet users for privacy, it has become one of the most powerful online networking tools, and in the last few years has been widely practiced in the real world to enhance relationships between businesses and customers. Virtual tourist communities are not a new concept; they have been used for more than 10 years by tourists to exchange opinions and experiences of certain travel destinations. In tourism, internet based social communities have greatly expanded recently as a result of Web 2.0 technologies’ development. Tourists use the Internet to obtain information on trips, and share experiences related to their trip before, during and after their vacation (Parra-Lopez et al., 2011). Therefore, behaviors such as sharing photos and videos, writing travel experiences in blogs and microblogs, ranking travel destinations and posting opinions on social forums (for example, TripAdvisor) are becoming generalized (Chung & Buhalis, 2008) into what has been called Travel 2.0 (Adam, et al., 2007). The purpose and importance of this study is to explore how tourists perceive the value of social media as practiced in the tourism industry. We also investigate travel agencies’ social media marketing activities, and how tourists’ perceived value of social media affects their intention to use social media for organizing their vacation. Conceptual foundations Perceived value of using social media in tourism Perceived value is treated as a major element in a number of tourism research papers (for example, Parasuraman & Grewal, 2000; Sweeny & Soutar, 2001; Jin et al. 2015). As Parra-Lopez et al. (2011, pp.641) said, “the identification of the types of customer value perceived by travelers using social media for trip planning purposes is very essential, because it can provide significant guidelines on how to design the information sources, the structure and the functionality of social media in order to enhance their web traffic, usage and competiveness”. Realizing the essential role of social media in the tourist industry, and clarifying how to measure the perceived value of using social media is required. Because perceived value is defined as ‘cognitive-affective evaluation’ in this study, we employ both cognitive and affective variables to measure the perceived value of using social mediato organize vacations. This study applies four dimensions – ‘functional’, ‘social’, ‘altruism’ and ‘trust’ from Parra-Lopez et al.’s (2011) study - to measure the value that travelers perceive from using social media to organize their vacations. Because both cognitive and affective value are used to evaluate a product or service during the purchasing process (Bajs, 2015), it seems reasonable to assume that ‘function’, ‘social’, ‘altruism’, and ‘trust’ are regarded as essential when measuring the perceived value of using social media to organize vacations. Such propositions and findings provide valuable insights that enable us to introduce our Hypothesis 1. H1: ‘Functional’, ‘Social’, ‘Altruism’ and ‘Trust’ are the dominant dimensions in the perceived value of using social media in organizing vacations. The inter-relationship of attitudes towards social media marketing activities and the perceived value and intention of using social media to organize vacations Social media is seen as one of the most powerful communication tools, and social media marketing (referred to henceforth as ‘SMM’) is used by business companies to build and maintain relationships with their customers in various fields (Kim & Ko, 2012). In previous studies, such as Kim and Ko (2012) as well as Teo and Tan (2002), it has been claimed that customers’ attitudes towards SMM activities affect brand equity. This conclusion is also supported by Chan and Guillet’s (2011) study, which shows the important role of SMM in the hospitality industry. Nowadays, most travel agencies in Japan have created their social communities aiming to enhance their relationship with customers and promote their travel products. Aker and Topcu (2011) suggest that attitude greatly affects people’s purchase intention and behavior. Moreover, the wide acceptance of SMM also means that a positive attitude towards SMM affects the perceived value of social media. It has been clarified that perceived value is positive when the benefits are greater than the sacrifices (Zeithaml, 1988). As more and more tourists rely on social media to enhance their vacations, this suggests that the perceived benefit of social media is greater than the sacrifice, and therefore its perceived value positively affects the behavior intention of tourists who use social media to organize vacations. This academic background leads us to Hypothesis 2. H2: Both direct effect (i.e. attitude towards SMM activities→Intention) and indirect effect (i.e. attitude towards SMM activities→ Perceived value→Intention) will provide a good explanation of tourists’ intention of using social media to organize vacations. Methodology Proposed conceptual model Based on the theoretical background, this study proposes a conceptual model (see Figure 1) to show the inter-relationship of ‘attitudes towards SMM activities’, ‘perceived value’ and ‘behavior intention’. Figure 1: Conceptual Model Measurement This study involves items which have been used in past research. All items were developed based on the 7-point Likert-type scale ranging from ‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’ (see Table 1).Data collection The empirical data for this study was collected by an online survey conducted by one of the biggest research companies in Japan from March 13th to March 16th, 2015. A screening test was conducted to select suitable respondents with experience of using social media to organize their vacation and had accessed or used travel agencies’ social media, such as Facebook, Blog, and Twitter. Finally, due to the limited research budget, 622 valid samples were collected to be used in analysing the conceptual model. Data analysis results As all items presented in this study are cited from past research, we employed second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) directly to explore the dominant dimensions of the perceived value of using social media to organize vacations (H1), and covariance structure analysis to investigate the inter-relationship among attitudes towards SMM activities, perceived value and behavior intention (H2). The results of data analysis are shown below (see Figure 2&3). Conclusions and managerial implications Based on the results reported in the present study, ‘functional’, ‘social’, ‘altruism’ and ‘trust’ are shown as dominant dimensions of perceived value in social media literature, thus supporting hypothesis 1. However, these four dimensions play different roles in perceived value. Compared with other dimensions, ‘altruism’ appears to be more essential. This result can be explained by the usage of social media. Tourists tend to share their experiences, opinions, photos and videos about certain travel destinations in what is called ‘altruism dimensions’. These tourists’ behavior is not for the benefit of others but for self-satisfaction (Baym, 2010) and is believed to be the most important incentive for using social media. Concerning the inter-relationship of attitudes towards SMM, perceived value and the intention of using social media to organize a vacation, contrary to our hypothesis, tourists’ attitudes towards SMM activities conducted by travel agencies do not seem to affect their behavior intention of using social media to organize their vacation (.05). The perceived value of social media seems to play a significant mediating role between attitudes towards SMM and behavior intention. In other words, the indirect influence (.585) through perceived value is greater than the direct influence (.05) of attitudes toward SMM on behavior intention. This result implies that travel agency managers should know how to increase the perceived value of social media, instead of only attempting to enhance SMM activities. Limitations Social media’s commodification in Japan is still a new concept, and for Japanese tourists, the practice of social media in the tourist industry is relatively novel. In other words, social media’s commodification has not been developed enough in Japan. Thus, the results gained from the empirical study should be compared in the countries where social media is more developed.
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Kaede Sano 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of social media in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) based on a theoretical foundation. Social media was firstly used as a new communication tool by internet users, and is being commercialized as a powerful tool to build and maintain long-term relationships between customers and businesses. This study focuses on service sectors and aims to clarify how social media helps companies innovate traditional CRM. Social CRM is seen as one of these service innovations and is highlighted in this paper.
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Kaede Sano 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.10
The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of social media in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) based on a theoretical foundation. Social media was firstly used as a new communication tool by internet users, and is being commercialized as a powerful tool to build and maintain long-term relationships between customers and businesses. This study focuses on service sectors and aims to clarify how social media helps companies innovate traditional CRM. Social CRM is seen as one of these service innovations and is highlighted in this paper.
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Gait generation and change of direction for the underactuated three-legged robot
Kazunori Kaede,Keiichi Watanuki 대한기계학회 2010 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.24 No.1
This paper describes a three-legged robot that consists of one actuated leg and two passive legs. The active leg has a knee joint and an ankle joint. The passive legs have no knee joint, although they have a passive ankle joint respectively. The passive leg part and the actuated leg part are linked by a hip part. The robot behavior is passive while the robot is supported by its passive legs and swings the actuated leg part. Generally, in the event that an actuator or a transmitting mechanism fails, robots cannot apply torques to the joint. We therefore took up a walking robot with passive knee joints not only for the energy-efficient walking but also with a view to making ambulation failsafe in case of mechanical failures.
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Atsushi Suzuki,Kaede Kitagawa,Takeo Oku,Masanobu Okita,Sakiko Fukunishi,Tomoharu Tachikawa 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.2
Fabrication and characterization of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells incorporated with formamidinium iodide, copper halides, alkali metal halides and decaphenylcyclopentasilane were performed. Addition of CuCl and KI at 2% into the perovskite layer off ered compact morphologies and crystal orientation in the perovskite layer, improving short circuit current densities, series resistance and open-circuit voltages related to conversion efficiencies. The stabilities of conversion efficiencies were improved for the perovskite layer incorporated with 2% CuCl and 2% NaI. The stabilities depended on the state of the surface morphologies and crystal orientation while suppressing decomposition reaction in the perovskite layer. The photovoltaic mechanisms were associated with promotion of carrier generation and diffusion in the crystalline layer. The electronic correlation was based on the charge transfer between 5p orbital of I ion and 3d orbital of Cu ion near valence band, promoting the carrier generation and diffusion related to the short circuit current densities.
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Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from a Dairy Cattle Shed in Japan
Nobuyuki Tanaka,Kaede Moriyama,Megumi Ohtsu,Akane Miyazaki 한국대기환경학회 2019 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.13 No.3
To clarify the nature and characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from dairy cattle within a cattle shed located in Chiba, Japan, air samples were collected and analyzed for the four seasons in 2017-2018. Thirty-four VOCs were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In addition, air temperature and relative humidity inside and outside of the shed were monitored during each sampling campaign to estimate the ventilation rate of the shed. The average concentrations of total VOCs (μg m-3) in the shed in each season were 50.5 (spring), 128.4 (summer), 168.8 (autumn), and 199.5 (winter). Ketones were always the most dominant components followed by alcohols and volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The sum of ketones, alcohols, and VFAs accounted for more than 80% of the total VOCs in all seasons. Acetone, 3-pentanone, 1-butanol, and acetic acid were the major components regardless of the season, accounting for more than 60% of the total VOCs. The average emission rates of total VOCs from the shed (μg h-1 kg-1) were calculated to be 623 (spring), 1520 (summer), 585 (autumn) and 469 (winter). The emission rates of almost all the VOCs except alcohols increased exponentially with increase of air temperature in the shed. The ranges of the emission rates for each class of chemical (μg h-1 kg-1) were 39-170 (VFAs), 247-913 (ketones), 65-134 (alcohols), 40-122 (phenols), 10-122 (aldehydes), 4.17- 22.3 (sulfur compounds), and 0.0067-0.74 (indoles). Furthermore, the annual emissions of VOCs for a single dairy cattle and for the cattle shed were estimated to be 5.5 kg and 44 kg, respectively.
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