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Jeon, G. S.,Nakamura, T.,Lee, J. S.,Choi, W. J.,Ahn, S. W.,Lee, K. W.,Sung, J. J.,Lipton, S. A. HUMANA PRESS INC 2014 Molecular neurobiology Vol.49 No.2
Aggregation of misfolded protein and resultant intracellular inclusion body formation are common hallmarks of mutant superoxide dismutase (mSOD1)-linked familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and have been associated with the selective neuronal death. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) represents a family of enzymatic chaperones that can fold nascent and aberrant proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. Recently, our group found that S-nitrosylated PDI could contribute to protein misfolding and subsequent neuronal cell death. However, the exact role of PDI in the pathogenesis of ALS remains unclear. In this study, we propose that PDI attenuates aggregation of mutant/misfolded SOD1 and resultant neurotoxicity associated with ER stress. ER stress resulting in PDI dysfunction therefore provides a mechanistic link between deficits in molecular chaperones, accumulation of misfolded proteins, and neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, S-nitrosylation of PDI inhibits its activity, increases mSOD1 aggregation, and increases neuronal cell death. Specifically, our data show that S-nitrosylation abrogates PDI-mediated attenuation of neuronal cell death triggered by thapsigargin. Biotin switch assays demonstrate S-nitrosylated PDI both in the spinal cords of SOD1 (G93A) mice and human patients with sporadic ALS. Therefore, denitrosylation of PDI may have therapeutic implications. Taken together, our results suggest a novel strategy involving PDI as a therapy to prevent mSOD1 aggregation and neuronal degeneration. Moreover, the data demonstrate that inactivation of PDI by S-nitrosylation occurs in both mSOD1-linked and sporadic forms of ALS in humans as well as mice.
Suzuki, T.,Bhang, H.,Franklin, G.,Gomikawa, K.,Hayano, R.S.,Hayashi, T.,Ishikawa, K.,Ishimoto, S.,Itahashi, K.,Iwasaki, M.,Katayama, T.,Kondo, Y.,Matsuda, Y.,Nakamura, T.,Okada, S.,Outa, H.,Quinn, B. Elsevier 2004 Physics letters: B Vol.597 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We have measured the proton energy distribution from the <SUP>4</SUP>He(stopped <SUP>K−</SUP>,p) reaction by means of time-of-flight. A mono-energetic peak was observed, which is interpreted as the formation of a new kind of neutral tribaryon S<SUP>0</SUP>(3115) with isospin T=1 and strangeness S=−1. The mass and width of the state were deduced to be 3117.0−4.4+1.5MeV/<SUP>c2</SUP> and <21MeV/<SUP>c2</SUP>, respectively. The state mainly decays into ΣNN.</P>
S. SHIGA,Y. HIROOKA,Y. MIYASHITA,S. YAGI,H. T. C. MACHACON,T. KARASAWA,H. NAKAMURA 한국자동차공학회 2001 International journal of automotive technology Vol.2 No.1
This paper presents further investigation into the effect of over-expansion cycle in a spark-ignition engine. On the basis of the results obtained in previous studies. several combinations of late-closing (LC) of intake valve and expansion ratio were tested using a single-cylinder production engine. A large volume of intake capacity was inserted into the intake manifold to simulate multi-cylinder engines. With the large capacity volume. LC can decrease the pumping loss and then increase the mechanical efficiency. Increasing the expansion ratio from 11 to 23.9 with LC application can produce about 13% improvement of thermal efficiency which was suggested to be caused by the increased cycle efficiency. The decrease of compression ratio from 11 to 5.5 gives little effect on the thermal efficiency if the expansion ratio could be kept constant. Thus. the expansion ratio is revealed to be a determining factor for cycle efficiency. while compression ratio is no more important. which suggests the usefulness of controlling the intake charge with intake valve closure timing. These were successfully explained by simple thermodynamic calculation and thus the mechanism could be verified by the estimation.<br/>
Nakamura, M.,Choi, K.H.,Choi, S.K.,Do, C.S.,Jun, J.H.,Kwon, H.K.,Lee, S.M.,Moon, R.J.,Yi, K.J.,Jang, I.S. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2010 european journal of pharmacology Vol.635 No.1
Neurons within the periaqueductal gray (PAG) have been implicated in the central regulation of pain signals by affecting the descending inhibitory pathway. Here we report on the functional role of presynaptic kainate receptors within the PAG. Using a conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique, we recorded GABAergic spontaneous miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) from mechanically isolated rat PAG neurons in the presence of 300nM tetrodotoxin and 20@?M dl-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid under voltage-clamp conditions. Kainic acid at a 10@?M concentration significantly increased the frequency of GABAergic mIPSCs without affecting their amplitude, suggesting that kainic acid acts presynaptically to enhance spontaneous GABA release. The kainic acid-induced increase in mIPSC frequency was completely blocked by CNQX, a selective AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist. While neither AMPA nor NMDA affected GABAergic mIPSC frequency, ATPA, a selective agonist of GluR5-containing kainate receptors, increased GABAergic mIPSC frequency in a concentration-dependent manner. The kainic acid-induced increase in mIPSC frequency was completely suppressed either in the presence of 100@?M Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>, a general voltage-dependent Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> channel (VDCC) blocker, or in the Na<SUP>+</SUP>-free external solution. These results suggest that presynaptic kainate receptors have a low permeability to Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, and that their activation elicits a presynaptic depolarization large enough to activate presynaptic VDCCs. Presynaptic kainate receptors on GABAergic nerve terminals appear to modulate GABAergic transmission, and in doing so may play an important role in the regulation of PAG neuron excitability.
S. Rohan Munasinghe,Masatoshi Nakamura 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2002 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.3 No.2
This paper presents an advanced motion planning algorithm for effective teleoperation of welfare robotic systems. The proposed system includes means to achieve accurate autonomous performance, safety, stability, and user-friendliness. Proposed motion planning algorithm carefully plans precise manipulator motions by considering important constraints, and it uses a hard real-time control of the robot, thereby assures accurate performance. The telerobotic features of the system possess transmission control protocol (TCP) and supervisory control, to assure reliable communication and system stability. A parameterization algorithm was developed to resolve simple user requests into task parameters, thereby improving user-friendliness. Safe performance of the proposed welfare robotic system is assured by motion planning and telerobotic features. An experimental system was implemented within a local area network (LAN), with a Performer MK3s robot manipulator as the welfare robot. In this implementation, remote supervisor accepts and resolves simple user requests into task parameters, and send them to the local controller (LC) for motion planning and robot control. The experimental performance verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Measurements of Neutron-Capture Cross Sections of Palladium Isotopes at the J-PARC/MLF/ANNRI
S. Nakamura,K. Furutaka,S. Goko,H. Harada,A. Kimura,T. Kin,F. Kitatani,M. Koizumi,M. Ohta,M. Oshima,Y. Toh,J. Hori,T. Fujii,S. Fukutani,K. Takamiya,M. Igashira,T. Katabuchi,M. Mizumoto,T. Kamiyama,K. 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The operation of a new experimental apparatus called ``Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument (ANNRI)''in the Material and Life science experimental Facility (MLF) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) has been started for neutroncapture crosssection measurements of minor actinides and long-lived fission products. As a part of the measurements, we have measured the time-of-flight spectra of palladium-105, 106, 107 and 108 with a ``4π Ge spectrometer'' installed at the ANNRI. We obtained preliminary results of the cross sections for palladium-107 and 105 in neutron energies ranging from 0.1 eV to 300 eV.
Neutron and proton energy spectra from the non-mesonic weak decays of HeΛ5 and CΛ12
Okada, S.,Ajimura, S.,Aoki, K.,Banu, A.,Bhang, H.C.,Fukuda, T.,Hashimoto, O.,Hwang, J.I.,Kameoka, S.,Kang, B.H.,Kim, E.H.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, M.J.,Maruta, T.,Miura, Y.,Miyake, Y.,Nagae, T.,Nakamura, M.,Nak Elsevier 2004 Physics letters: B Vol.597 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We have simultaneously measured the energy spectra of neutrons and protons emitted in the non-mesonic weak decays of HeΛ5 and CΛ12 hypernuclei produced via the (<SUP>π+</SUP>,<SUP>K+</SUP>) reaction with much higher statistics than those of previous experiments. The neutron-to-proton yield ratios for both hypernuclei at a high energy threshold (60 MeV) were approximately equal to two, which suggests that the ratio of the neutron- and proton-induced decay channels, <SUB>Γn</SUB>(Λn→nn)/<SUB>Γp</SUB>(Λp→np), is about 0.5. In the neutron energy spectra, we found that the yield of the low-energy component is unexpectedly large, even for HeΛ5.</P>
Bae, S.Y.,Lee, D.S.,Kong, B.H.,Cho, H.K.,Kaeding, J.F.,Nakamura, S.,DenBaars, S.P.,Speck, J.S. Elsevier 2011 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.11 No.3
(112@?2) semipolar GaN thin films were grown on intentionally miscut m-plane sapphire substrates using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. We investigated the material and electrical characteristics by changing the miscut angle from -1<SUP>o</SUP> to +1<SUP>o</SUP>. While the coexistence of (112@?2) surface and inclined {101@?1} surfaces was observed on GaN films on the on-axis m-plane sapphire substrates, {101@?1} surfaces were dominant on the GaN films on the +1<SUP>o</SUP> miscut sapphire substrates. As the miscut angle was changed from -1<SUP>o</SUP> to +1<SUP>o</SUP>, the crystallinity of the GaN films and the electroluminescence intensity of the LEDs were significantly improved.