The Value of High-Resolution Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System in Children

Juyoung Sung,Dajeong Lee,Joo Young Song,Jiwon Lee,Ji Hye Kim,Jeehun Lee 대한소아신경학회 2021 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.29 No.4

Purpose: High-resolution vessel wall-magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) has been used to detect regional vessel wall pathology, significantly contributing to the diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) from other arteriopathies. In this study, we aimed to describe three cases of PACNS initially presenting as acute ischemic stroke, diagnosed and followed up with VW-MRI. Methods: The medical records of three patients diagnosed with PACNS were retrospectively reviewed. We also reviewed the clinical application of VW-MRI in published articles for the pediatric cases since 2016. Results: The initial presenting symptoms were headache, diplopia, confused mentality, hemiplegia, dysarthria, and dizziness. All patients had acute infarction on brain MRI, with suspicion of vasculopathy on magnetic resonance angiography. VW-MRI revealed narrowing of vessels with concentric wall thickening and diffuse enhancement in the anterior cerebral artery (n=1), middle cerebral artery (n=1), posterior cerebral artery (n=2), lenticulostriate artery (n=1), anterior inferior cerebellar artery (n=1), and vertebral artery (n=1), suggestive of vascular wall pathology. After excluding the possible etiologies of vasculitis, the clinical diagnosis of PACNS was established. Three patients received high-dose steroid and cyclophosphamide therapy. Two patients were treated with long-term azathioprine based upon the findings of persistent vessel enhancement on VW-MRI. All patients were regularly followed up with VW-MRI for more than 1 year. We summarized the clinical and radiological features of the published pediatric cases using VW-MRI to date. Conclusion: High-resolution VW-MRI plays an important role in diagnosing childhood PACNS, as results correlate with disease activity.

Temporal Changes in N Assimilation and Metabolite Composition of Nitrate-Affected Tomato Plants

Sung, Jwakyung,Lee, Suyeon,Lee, Yejin,Kim, Rogyoung,Lee, Juyoung,Lee, Jongsik,Ok, Yongsik Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.6

The role of inorganic nitrogen assimilation in the production of amino acids, organic acids and soluble sugars is one of the most important biochemical processes in plants, and, in order to achieve normally, nitrate uptake and assimilation is essential. For this reason, the characterization of nitrate assimilation and metabolite composition from leaves, roots and xylem sap of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was investigated under different nitrate levels in media. Tomato plants were grown hydroponically in liquid culture under five different nitrate regimes: deficient (0.25 and 0.75 mM $NO_3{^-}$), normal (2.5 mM $NO_3{^-}$) and excessive (5.0 and 10.0 mM $NO_3{^-}$). All samples, leaves, roots and xylem sap, were collected after 7 and 14 days after treatment. The levels of amino acids, soluble sugars and organic acids were significantly decreased by N-deficiency whereas, interestingly, they remained higher in xylem sap as compared with N-normal and -surplus. The N-excessive condition did not exert any significant changes in metabolites composition, and thus their levels were similar with N-normal. The gene expression and enzyme activity of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NIR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) were greatly influenced by nitrate. The data presented here suggest that metabolites, as a signal messenger, existed in xylem sap seem to play a crucial role to acquire nitrate, and, in addition, an increase in ${\alpha}$-ketoglutarate pathway-derived amino acids under N-deficiency may help to better understand plant C/N metabolism.

Isolated Gastric Varix Bleeding Caused by Splenic Vein Obstruction: Two Case Reports

Juyoung Pak,Sangjoon Lee,Hyoung Nam Lee,Dongho Hyun,Sung-Joon Park,Youngjong Cho 대한영상의학회 2023 대한영상의학회지 Vol.84 No.1

Isolated left-sided portal hypertension is a rare clinical syndrome caused by splenic veno-occlusive disease. Splenic vein thrombosis and extrinsic compression causes proximal splenic vein hypertension, and the splenic blood flows into the superior mesenteric or portal vein through the upper stomach’s collateral vessels, such as the short gastric, coronary, and gastroepiploic veins. Open splenectomy is recommended to treat gastrointestinal bleeding caused by isolated left-sided portal hypertension. Interventional management could be a clinically useful option for selected patients who want to avoid surgical corrections. The report presents two cases of left-sided portal hypertension with gastric variceal bleeding.

MicroRNA Target Recognition: Insights from Transcriptome-Wide Non-Canonical Interactions

Sung Wook Chi,석희영,Juyoung Ham,Eun-Sook Jang 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.5

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (~22 nucleotides) regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. By directing the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to bind specific target mRNAs, miRNA can repress target genes and affect various biological phenotypes. Functional miRNA target recognition is known to majorly attribute specificity to consecutive pairing with seed region (position 2-8) of miRNA. Recent advances in a transcriptome-wide method of mapping miRNA binding sites (Ago HITS-CLIP) elucidated that a large portion of miRNA-target interactions in vivo are mediated not only through the canonical “seed sites” but also via non-canonical sites (~15-80%), setting the stage to expand and determine their properties. Here we focus on recent findings from transcriptome-wide non-canonical miRNA-target interactions, specifically regarding “nucleation bulges” and “seed-like motifs”. We also discuss insights from Ago HITS-CLIP data alongside structural and bio-chemical studies, which highlight putative mechanisms of miRNA target recognition, and the biological significance of these non-canonical sites mediating marginal repression.

Evaluation of body composition using computed tomography in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

( Sung Soo Ahn ),( Byung-woo Yoo ),( Hyeok Chan Kwon ),( Juyoung Yoo ),( Seung Min Jung ),( Jason Jungsik Song ),( Yong-beom Park ),( Sang-won Lee ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.5

Background/Aims: Measures of body composition, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and skeletal muscle area (SMA), are considered important prognostic factors in chronic diseases. The association of these measures with auto-inflammatory disorders, such as anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), remains unclear. We investigated the clinical significance of VAT, SAT, and SMA in patients with AAV. Methods: Patients with AAV subjected to chest computed tomography (CT), abdominal CT, or positron emission tomography-CT on diagnosis of AAV were evaluated. Quantitative assessment of VAT, SAT, and SMA was performed at the third lumbar vertebral level and computed by summing the pixel attenuation for tissue-specific Hounsfield units in the corresponding region. Associations of VAT, SAT, and SMA with clinical and laboratory data and clinical outcome measures were evaluated. Results: Of the 117 patients, 61 (52.1%) were classified as having microscopic polyangiitis, 28 (23.9%) as granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and 28 (23.9%) as eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. VAT significantly correlated with age, weight, body mass index (BMI), and Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, whereas SAT correlated with weight, BMI, and creatinine levels. A significant association was found between SMA and age, height, weight, BMI, and the Five-Factor Score. Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that creatinine levels (odds ratio [OR], 1.346; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.034 to 1.753; p = 0.027) and high VAT (OR, 7.137; 95% CI, 1.343-37.946; p = 0.021) were independently associated with all-cause mortality during follow-up. Conclusions: Evaluation of VAT using CT is useful for estimating disease activity and all-cause mortality in patients with AAV.

Development of Cross-Species Molecular Markers in Solanaceae Crops

Sung-Chur Sim,Juyoung Lee 한국원예학회 2015 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2015 No.5

Royal jelly enhances migration of human dermal fibroblasts and alters the levels of cholesterol and sphinganine in an in vitro wound healing model

Juyoung Kim,Youngae Kim,Hyejeong Yun,Hyemin Park,Sun Yeou Kim,Kwang-Gill Le,Sang-Mi Han,Yunhi Cho 한국영양학회 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.4 No.5

Oral administration of royal jelly (RJ) promotes wound healing in diabetic mice. Concerns have arisen regarding the efficacy of RJ on the wound healing process of normal skin cells. In this study, a wound was created by scratching normal human dermal fibroblasts, one of the major cells involved in the wound healing process. The area was promptly treated with RJ at varying concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, or 5 ㎎/㎖ for up to 48 hrs and migration was analyzed by evaluating closure of the wound margins. Furthermore, altered levels of lipids, which were recently reported to participate in the wound healing process, were analyzed by HPTLC and HPLC. Migration of fibroblasts peaked at 24 hrs after wounding. RJ treatment significantly accelerated the migration of fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner at 8 hrs. Although RJ also accelerated the migration of fibroblasts at both 20 hrs and 24 hrs after wounding, the efficacy was less potent than at 8 hrs. Among various lipid classes within fibroblasts, the level of cholesterol was significantly decreased at 8 hrs following administration of both 0.1 ㎍/㎖ and 5 ㎎/㎖ RJ. Despite a dose-dependent increase in sphinganines, the levels of sphingosines, ceramides, and glucosylceramides were not altered with any concentration of RJ. We demonstrated that RJ enhances the migration of fibroblasts and alters the levels of various lipids involved in the wound healing process.

Reclassification of Korean patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis based on the Bohan and Peter criteria by the 2017 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

( Juyoung Yoo ),( Sung Soo Ahn ),( Seung Min Jung ),( Jason Jungsik Song ),( Yong-beom Park ),( Sang-won Lee ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.2

Background/Aims: We investigated the concordance rate of the classification of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) between the Bohan and Peter criteria and the 2017 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) (the 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria) in Korean patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 137 patients with PM and DM. We finally included 72 PM patients and 49 DM patients who fulfilled the Bohan and Peter criteria for PM and DM and reclassified them by the 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria. Results: Three patients (4.2%) with probable PM were newly reclassified as non- IIM due to a total score of 5.3 or smaller. Meanwhile, one patient with possible PM was newly reclassified as probable PM due to the presence of dysphagia. In addition, eight patients (16.3%) with possible DM with DM-specific typical skin rash were newly reclassified as amyopathic DM (ADM) due to the absence of proximal muscle weakness. The concordance rate of the classification between the Bohan and Peter criteria and the 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria was 95.8% for PM patients and 83.7% for DM patients. Conclusions: The Bohan and Peter criteria were comparable to the 2017 EULAR/ ACR criteria for classifying PM and DM in Korean patients. Considering the convenience of the Bohan and Peter criteria in the real clinical settings, we suggest that the old criteria should be preferentially applied and then performing muscle biopsy should be considered in a patient suspected of PM without antihistidyl tRNA synthetase (anti-Jo-1). Moreover, we suggest that ADM could also clinically be classified by the old criteria.

Preparation of β-Amino-α-Mercapto Acids and Amides: Syntheses of 2’-Sulfur Analogues of the Taxol C-13 Side Chain, Both syn and anti N-Benzoyl-S-Acetyl-3-phenylisocysteine

( Sang-hveup Lee ),( Juyoung Yoon ),( Kensuke Nakamura ),( Yoon-sik Lee ) 한국공업화학회 2001 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2001 No.-

Paclitaxel (taxol) bears the (2R,3S)-N-benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine unit in its C-13 side chain. Recent studies have revealed that 2'-hydroxyl functionality is crucial for microtubule binding, perhaps acting as a hydrogen bond donor. In light of this postulate, the synthesis of analogues containing the 2’-thiol functionality, which is more acidic than the hydroxyl group, would be of considerable interest to understand the features of the paclitaxel binding site on microtubles. Herein, we report upon stereoselective syntheses of both syn and anti N-benzoyl-S-acetyl-3-phenylisocysteine,as coupling-ready reagents, via the ring opening reactions of trans- and czs-oxazoline-5-carboxylates with thiolacetic acid. In addition, we report upon ring-opening reactions of oxazoline-5-carboxamides. Ab initio molecular calculations were used to explain the different reactivities of these oxazolines with respect to the ring-opening reaction.

IoT 기반 스마트축산을 위한 서비스 프레임워크 표준화 연구

박주영(Juyoung Park),최문환(Mun Hwan Choi),윤성현(Sung Hyun Yoon) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

본 논문은 스마트축산에 대한 이해와 함께 ITU-T SG20에서 표준화를 진행하고 있는 ITU-T Y.IoT-SLF(”Framework and capabilities for smart livestock farming based on Internet of things“)의 내용을 간략히 소개한다. 한편 기존의 축산업에 IoT 기술을 접목하여 개선할 수 있는 여러 축산 서비스들을 제시하고, 관련된 이해당사자와 필수 요구사항들을 정의하는 Y.IoT-SLF의 소개를 통하여, 향후 스마트축산 관련 국내외 표준화를 추진하기 위한 표준화 항목을 제시한다.