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        TLR4, but not TLR2, signals autoregulatory apoptosis of cultured microglia: a critical role of IFN-beta as a decision maker.

        Jung, Dae Young,Lee, Heasuk,Jung, Bo-Young,Ock, Jiyeon,Lee, Myung-Shik,Lee, Won-Ha,Suk, Kyoungho American Association of Immunologists 2005 Journal of Immunology Vol.174 No.10

        <P>TLRs mediate diverse signaling after recognition of evolutionary conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as LPS and lipopeptides. Both TLR2 and TLR4 are known to trigger a protective immune response as well as cellular apoptosis. In this study, we present evidence that TLR4, but not TLR2, mediates an autoregulatory apoptosis of activated microglia. Brain microglia underwent apoptosis upon stimulation with TLR4 ligand (LPS), but not TLR2 ligands (Pam(3)Cys-Ser-Lys(4), peptidoglycan, and lipoteichoic acid). Based on studies using TLR2-deficient or TLR4 mutant mice and TLR dominant-negative mutants, we also demonstrated that TLR4, but not TLR2, is necessary for microglial apoptosis. The critical difference between TLR2 and TLR4 signalings in microglia was IFN regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) activation, followed by IFN-beta expression: while TLR4 agonist induced the activation of IRF-3/IFN-beta pathway, TLR2 did not. Nevertheless, both TLR2 and TLR4 agonists strongly induced NF-kappaB activation and NO production in microglia. Neutralizing Ab against IFN-beta attenuated TLR4-mediated microglial apoptosis. IFN-beta alone, however, did not induce a significant cell death. Meanwhile, TLR2 activation induced microglial apoptosis with help of IFN-beta, indicating that IFN-beta production following IRF-3 activation determines the apoptogenic action of TLR signaling. TLR4-mediated microglial apoptosis was mediated by MyD88 and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-beta, and was associated with caspase-11 and -3 activation rather than Fas-associated death domain protein/caspase-8 pathway. Taken together, TLR4 appears to signal a microglial apoptosis via autocrine/paracrine IFN-beta production, which may act as an apoptotic sensitizer.</P>

      • The Role of Dietary Essential Amino Acids in Muscle and Health

        Jung Jiyeon,박상희,김창근,Wolfe Robert R.,Kim Il-Young 건강기능식품미래포럼 2022 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.2 No.1

        Maintenance of proper skeletal muscle mass plays a critical role in health and disease. Dietary essential amino acids (EAAs), particularly when combined with resistance exercise are the most established safe and natural anabolic stimuli that lead to gains in muscle mass and function and in turn overall health. Gains in muscle mass are achieved by stimulation of muscle protein synthesis greater than muscle protein breakdown, which in turn improves muscle strength and function. It is critical that dietary EAAs should be formulated with balanced composition of 9 EAAs for an optimal anabolic response (i.e., a maximal gain in muscle mass). In this review, we will briefly cover following topics: 1) skeletal muscle and its importance in health, 2) regulation of muscle mass through protein turnover, 3) dietary EAAs as natural anabolic stimuli, 4) importance of provision of balanced mixture of EAAs, and 5) practical guidelines for dietary EAA intake to achieve optimal gains in muscle mass and improved muscle function.

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        In vitro combinatorial anti-proliferative and immunosuppressive effects of <i>Brucea javanica</i> extract with CX-4945 and imatinib in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells

        Jung, Jung-Il,Kim, Se Young,Park, Kyeong-Yong,Sydara, Kongmany,Lee, Sang Woo,Kim, Soon Ae,Kim, Jiyeon Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.106 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Since 1970, the isolated and identified components of <I>Brucea javanica</I> (L.) Merr. have been known to contain anticancer effects, particularly antileukemic effect. In this study, the inhibitory effect of <I>Brucea javanica</I> (BJ) on cell growth and inflammation was confirmed in human T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) cells, and its efficacy as an antileukemic agent was verified. Our results showed that BJ extract induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of T-ALL Jurkat cells through inhibition of the CK2-mediated signaling pathway, while exerting no significant cytotoxicity in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, BJ extract suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus, inhibiting the interleukin (IL)-2 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Notably, combined treatment with BJ extract plus CX-4945 or imatinib exerted enhanced inhibitory effects on T-ALL cell growth and IL-2 production. Overall, these results suggest that BJ extract can be a potent therapeutic herbal agent for T-ALL treatment and prevention of IL-2 mediated inflammatory immune responses.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Brucea javanica</I> extract induces caspase-dependent apoptosis of T-ALL cells. </LI> <LI> <I>Brucea javanica</I> extract the PMA/PHA-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway and IL-2 production. </LI> <LI> <I>Brucea javanica</I> extract suppresses expression of CK2 subunits and Akt phosphorylation. </LI> <LI> Combined treatment exerts enhanced inhibitory effects on T-ALL cell viability and IL-2 production. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

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        Synergistic therapeutic effect of diethylstilbestrol and CX-4945 in human acute T-lymphocytic leukemia cells

        Jung, Jung-Il,Park, Kyeong-Yong,Kim, Soon Ae,Kim, Jiyeon Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.98 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Human acute T-lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) is one of the most commonly diagnosed hematological disorders, and is characterized by poor prognosis and survival rate. Despite the development of new therapeutic approaches, leukemia treatment options remain limited. In this study, we investigated the immunosuppressive and anti-proliferative effects of the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES), both alone and combined with the casein kinase 2 (CK2) inhibitor CX-4945. Our results indicated that DES induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a human T-ALL cell line (Jurkat cells), while exerting no significant cytotoxicity in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Phytohaemagglutinin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced interleukin (IL)-2 production and activation of NF-κB signaling pathways, which were both inhibited by DES. Moreover, DES exerted synergistic effects with CX-4945 on proliferation and IL-2 production in Jurkat cells. Our results demonstrated that DES exerts anti-proliferative and immunosuppressive effects through inhibition of CK2 and the NF-κB signaling pathway in human T-ALL Jurkat cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DES induces a caspase-dependent apoptosis of T-ALL cells. </LI> <LI> DES inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway and the production of IL-2. </LI> <LI> The mRNA expression of CK2α subunit was overexpressed in T-ALL patient’s cell. </LI> <LI> DES/CX-4945 synergistically inhibits the proliferation and the production of IL-2. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • Promoting Physical Activity and Weight Loss with mHealth Intervention among Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

        Jung, Jiyeon,Cho, Inhae 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

        Aim(s): Mobile technology has emerged as an effective strategy to change health behaviors among workers; however, the effectiveness of mHealth interventions in promoting physical activity and weight reduction for the workers is still unclear. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of current evidence on the mHealth intervention effectiveness in promoting physical activity and weight reduction. Method(s): We searched relevant databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL complete, and the Cochrane Library, for publications of randomized controlled trials in English and Korean languages from inception to December 2020. A meta-analysis with a random-effect model and subgroup analyses were performed on physical activity types and mHealth intervention characteristics. Result(s): A total of 8 studies were included in this analysis. The mHealth intervention group showed a significant improvement in physical activity (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.142; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.003-0.281; P=.005; I2=65.54%). No statistically significant difference in weight reduction was observed (SMD -0.006; 95% CI -0.079-0.067; P=.087; I2=0.0%). Walking (SMD 0.381; 95% CI 0.069-0.694; P=.02; I2=64.27%) and multi-component program (SMD 0.224; 95% CI 0.062-0.385; P=.000; I2=70.15%) showed a significant enhancement of physical activity. Conclusion(s): The study suggests the effectiveness of mHealth interventions for improving physical activity among workers. Future studies to assess long-term efficacy with a larger population are recommended.

      • TREND ANALYSIS OF ENGLAND THROUGH CHRISTOPHER KANE

        Jiyeon Park,Jee Eun Han,Sung Hye Jung 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06

        London collection is one of the four dominant fashion weeks in the world, and particularly, it is influencing the world fashion as the center that leads the 21st world fashion with experimental, creative, and unique design. One of the designers that are highly noteworthy among the new designers of fashion in England is Christopher Kane. He studied in Central Saint Martins, England and is famous as a designer that well reflects the characteristics of fashion education in England and also the characteristics of London collection with his own experimental and unique design. The purposes of this study are to examine the current trends of fashion in England with fashion designer Christopher Kane who is receiving attention in England these days and practicing the most English-like design and provide support to vitalize Seoul collection in Korea. This study has analyzed collection images and reviews from the S/S season of 2010 until the F/W season of 2015 and investigated the actual cases mainly. Christopher Kane’s design shows largely four characteristics, and this works as the keyword of current trends in English. The first is to use new technology such as digital printing technology and laser cutting which have been recently introduced. With the collections issued from 2010, we can see that he designed with either digital printing or laser cutting for five wears at the smallest up to for thirteen wears at the largest. With this tendency, we can see that Christopher Kane tries to accept newly introduced technology to apply it to his collection. Second, he is freed from stereotypes and tries experimental design that feel free of the formality. Especially in 2015 FW Ready-To-Wear Collection, we can see that he was inspired by the bags not with zippers or buttons and introduced unique design by applying bags’ accessories or unique closing patterns to clothes. Third, he pursues classiness by using handcraft techniques like embroidery or appliqué. He introduces classy design combining new materials and new technologies with handcraft techniques as well as sensuous design reflecting England’s unique Old & New properly. The last one is to develop unique textile design. In each season, he uses natural elements like splendid flowers up to geometric, unique textile designs to contain the philosophy that the designer intends to show in them. Like this, Christopher Kane can be said to be a designer who expresses his own design by exquisitely combining various techniques well harmonizing the past, present, and the future as one of the fashion designers representing England. Also, he is a designer representing England as he is constantly applying new technology based on his own philosophy and making experiments restlessly. Seoul collection in Korea which has already become a field of competition among fashion brands in the world also should be equipped with its own unique sense differentiated with Korean designers’ unique identity in order to be one of the fashion collections that is recognizable in the world fashion market, and it is needed to make creative design based on the restless combination of new technologies and the spirit of challenge and experiment. Also, it is necessary to establish a creative fashion education system connected with industries to cultivate competent persons, and it is needed to provide much support and pay attention to design and fashion in the entire society recognizing fashion as a high value-added industry to create national brand image.

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