迎日灣의 ECOSYSTEM 硏究 3. 水溫

尹伊鏞,朴相來,李東澈,金基台,崔銀珠,安由煥 嶺南大 海洋科學硏究所 1988 Marine Nature Vol.1 No.1

In order to observe hydrological characteristics in the Gulf of Yoeng-il, measurements of water temperature have been carried out from February to August 1983, and from August 1985 to December 1986. Surface water temperatures are closely linked to air temperature and solar-radiation for all littoral stations. Seasonal and annual variations of all horizontal stations are very similar to one another. Vertical variations of water temperatures for the stations located along the central-line of the Gulf are characteristic (and observed) as thermoclines and thermal stratification in the hottest summer-time (August). It is interesting to note that water column temperature of July and September are rather warmer than August, on account of a cold water mass coming from NE direction. For example, surface temperature in June 1982 was above 19℃, but the water below a depth of about 30m drastically drops to 4℃. It is indicative of invasion of water mass from cold current or deep sea.

迎日灣의 ECOSYSTEM 硏究 2. 기후적 要因 : 氣溫, 日射量, 증발량, 바람, 강우량

朴相來,金基台,崔銀珠,李東澈,安由煥,尹伊鏞 嶺南大 海洋科學硏究所 1988 Marine Nature Vol.1 No.1

In order to understand phytoplankton ecology in the Gulf of Yeong-il, climatic factors such as air-temperature, solar-radiation, evaporation, direction and strength of winds, and precipitation are studied from January 1982 to December 1985. Annual average of air-temperature during the four-years period is about 13.6C, ranging from 1.7C (January) to 26.5C (August). The maximum value of solarradiation is measured in spring (520MJm²in May), the minimun : in winter (62 MJm²in December, January or February), and the total annual value : about 4987MJm². Annual average of evaporation is about 1200mm (Maximum: 169 in May : Minimun: 56 in February), close to precipitation (about 1050mm). Annual average of strength of "North Winds" (350°-90°)is about 550m·sec for 156 frequences during 191 days, "West Winds" (170°-340°) : 511m·sec¹for 185 frequences during 148 days, and "South Winds" (100°-160°) about 61m·sec¹for frequences during 24 days. "N" winds is about 30% more violant than "W" winds, but both winds are influential in terms of water movements in the Gulf.

Prognostic analysis of uterine cervical cancer treated with postoperative radiotherapy: importance of positive or close parametrial resection margin

Yi-Jun Kim,MD,Kyung-Ja Lee,MD,PhD,Kyung Ran Park,MD,PhD,Jiyoung Kim,MD,Yi-Jun Kim,MD,Kyung-Ja Lee,MD,PhD,Kyung Ran Park,MD,PhD,Jiyoung Kim,MD,Woong Ju,MD,PhD,Yun Hwan Kim,MD,PhD,Jihae Lee,MD 대한방사선종양학회 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: To analyze prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), and overall survival (OS) in cervical cancer patients who underwent radical hysterectomy followed by postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in a single institute. Materials and Methods: Clinicopathologic data of 135 patients with clinical stage IA2 to IIA2 cervical cancer treated with PORT from 2001 to 2012 were reviewed, retrospectively. Postoperative parametrial resection margin (PRM) and vaginal resection margin (VRM) were investigated separately. The median treatment dosage of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to the whole pelvis was 50.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy/fraction. High-dose-rate vaginal brachytherapy after EBRT was given to patients with positive or close VRMs. Concurrent platinum-based chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was administered to 73 patients with positive resection margin, lymph node (LN) metastasis, or direct extension of parametrium. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for analyzing LRR, DM, and OS; Cox regression was applied to analyze prognostic factors. Results: The 5-year disease-free survival was 79% and 5-year OS was 91%. In univariate analysis, positive or close PRM, LN metastasis, direct extension of parametrium, lymphovascular invasion, histology of adenocarcinoma, and chemotherapy were related with more DM and poor OS. In multivariate analysis, PRM and LN metastasis remained independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion: PORT after radical hysterectomy in uterine cervical cancer showed excellent OS in this study. Positive or close PRM after radical hysterectomy in uterine cervical cancer correlates with poor prognosi

Distribution and characteristics of radioactivity (232Th, 226Ra, 40K, 137Cs and 90Sr) and radiation in Korea

Ju-Yong Yun,최석원,김창규,Jong-Yi Moon,Byung-Hwan Rho 대한방사선방어학회 2005 방사선방어학회지 Vol.30 No.4

The concentrations of natural and artificial radionuclides in soil and gamma ray dose rate in air at 233 locations in Korea have been determined. The national mean concentrations of 232Th, 226Ra , 40K , 137Cs and 90Sr in soil were 60±31, 33±14, 673±238, 35±9.3 and 5.0±3.4 Bq kg-1, respectively. The mean gamma-ray dose rate at 1 m above the ground was 79 18 nGy h-1. 137Cs concentration had highly significant correlation with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. 90Sr concentration had slightly coherent with pH. The results have been compared with other global radioactivity and radiation measurements.

Association between Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Prevalence of Allergic Diseases in Children, Seoul, Korea

Yi, Seon-Ju,Shon, Changwoo,Min, Kyung-Duk,Kim, Hwan-Cheol,Leem, Jong-Han,Kwon, Ho-Jang,Hong, Soyoung,Kim, KyooSang,Kim, Sun-Young Hindawi 2017 BioMed research international Vol.2017 No.-

<P>Although there has been suggestive evidence of the association between TRAP and ADs, findings remained inconsistent possibly due to limited population. We investigated the association between TRAP and ADs in a large population of children with rich spatial coverage and expanded age span in Seoul, Korea. TRAP exposures were estimated by categorized proximity to the nearest major road (≤150, 150–300, 300–500, and >500 m) and density of major roads within 300 meters from children's residences. We estimated the association between two TRAP exposures and three ADs using generalized mixed model after adjusting for individual characteristics. We also investigated whether the association varied by household and regional socioeconomic status. We found associations of atopic eczema with road density [OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.01–1.15] and road proximity [1.15, 1.01–1.32; 1.17, 1.03–1.34; and 1.16, 1.01–1.34 for ≤150, 150–300, and 300–500 m, resp., compared to >500 m]. There was no association with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Effect estimates were generally the highest in the low socioeconomic region. Children living in areas surrounded by large and busy roads were likely to be at greater risks for atopic eczema, with increased vulnerability when living in deprived areas.</P>

The therapeutic efficacy of water-soluble coenzyme Q10 in an experimental model of tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus

Yi Quan,Kang Luo,Sheng Cui,Sun Woo Lim,신유진,Eun Jeong Ko,Ju Hwan Kim,Sang J. Chung,Soo Kyung Bae,Byung Ha Chung,Chul Woo Yang 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.6

Background/Aims: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has antioxidant effects and is commercially available and marketed extensively. However, due to its low bioavailability, its effects are still controversial. We developed a water-soluble CoQ10-based micelle formulation (CoQ10-W) and tested it in an experimental model of tacrolimus (TAC)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We developed CoQ10-W from a glycyrrhizic-carnitine mixed layer CoQ10 micelle preparation based on acyltransferases. TAC-induced DM rats were treated with either lipid-soluble CoQ10 (CoQ10-L) or CoQ10-W for 4 weeks. Their plasma and pancreatic CoQ10 concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry. The therapeutic efficacies of CoQ10-W and CoQ10-L on TAC-induced DM were compared using functional and morphological parameters and their effects on cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were also evaluated in cultured rat insulinoma cells. Results: The plasma CoQ10 level was significantly increased in the CoQ10-W group compared to that in the CoQ10-L group. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion revealed that CoQ10-W controlled hyperglycemia and restored insulin secretion significantly better than CoQ10-L. The TAC-mediated decrease in pancreatic islet size was significantly attenuated by CoQ10-W but not by CoQ10-L. TAC-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis were significantly more reduced by CoQ10-W than CoQ10-L. Electron microscopy revealed that CoQ10-W restored TAC-induced attenuation in the number of insulin granules and the average mitochondrial area, unlike CoQ10-L. In vitro studies showed that CoQ10-L and CoQ10-W both improved cell viability and reduced ROS production in TAC-treated islet cells to a similar extent. Conclusions: CoQ10-W has better therapeutic efficacy than CoQ10-L in TAC-induced DM.

Induced production of anti-etanercept antibody in collagen-induced arthritis

YI, HYOJU,KIM, JURYUN,JUNG, HYERIN,RIM, YERI ALICE,KIM, YOUNGKYUN,JUNG, SEUNG MIN,PARK, SUNG-HWAN,JU, JI HYEON Spandidos Publications 2014 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.9 No.6

<P>Etanercept is a widespread biological drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, which inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Recently, the presence of antibodies targeting TNF-α inhibitors such as infliximab and adalimumab, was reported. However, few reports have studied etanercept in a mouse model of arthritis. We investigated the induction of anti-etanercept antibody production, along with the antibody's potential interfering effects on the biological function of etanercept, in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CIA mice received an intraperitoneal injection of etanercept (25, 100 or 400 ?g per mouse). The degree of inflammation and cartilage erosion was evaluated, and the number of osteoclasts in the ankle joints was assessed by TRAP staining. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum was measured. To analyze the anti-osteoporotic effect of etanercept, microfocal computed tomography analyses of femurs and tibias were performed. Etanercept treatment decreased both the incidence and severity of arthritis in a dose-dependent manner, except for the highest dose of 400 ?g. The mice that were treated with 25 and 100 ?g etanercept showed an improvement in inflammation, cartilage damage, and even bone loss. However, mice treated with 400 ?g etanercept showed no significant improvement in any of the tested parameters. Using a customized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the presence of the anti-etanercept antibody was detected in the serum in this treatment-refractory group. The therapeutic effect of etanercept was reduced in the CIA mice that developed the anti-etanercept antibody. In conclusion, the production of an anti-etanercept antibody can be induced in CIA mice, and this antibody can considerably reduce the anti-arthritic and anti-osteoporotic effects of etanercept.</P>

[Ca(2+)]-dependent generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species mediates maitotoxin-induced cellular responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Yi, Sun-Ju,Kim, Kyung Hwan,Choi, Hyun Jung,Yoo, Je Ok,Jung, Hyo-Il,Han, Jeong-A,Kim, Young-Myeong,Suh, In Bum,Ha, Kwon-Soo Korean Society of Molecular Biology 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.1

<P>Maitotoxin (MTX) is known as one of the most potent marine toxins involved in Ciguatera poisoning, but intracellular signaling pathways caused by MTX was not fully understood. Thus, we have investigated whether intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in MTX-induced cellular responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. MTX induced a dose-dependent increase of intracellular [Ca(2+)]. MTX stimulated the production of intracellular ROS in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was suppressed by BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca(2+) che-lator. Ionomycin also elevated the ROS production in a dose-dependent manner. MTX elevated transamidation activity in a time-dependent manner and the activation was largely inhibited by transfection of tissue transglutaminase siRNA. The activation of tissue transglutaminase and ERK1/2 by MTX was sup-pressed by BAPTA-AM or ROS scavengers. In addition, MTX-induced cell death was significantly de-layed by BAPTA-AM or a ROS scavenger. These results suggest that [Ca(2+)]-dependent generation of in-tracellular ROS, at least in part, play an important role in MTX-stimulated cellular responses, such as activation of tTGase, ERK phosphorylation, and in-duction of cell death, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.</P>

피부표면 외형의 정량적 측정을 위한 Stereoimage Optical Profilometer(SOP)의 개발에 관한 연구

이길주,오칠환 고려대학교 의과대학 1998 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.35 No.3

Dermatologists use the eye t o evaluate the skin disease. Subjective clinical assessment of the skin lesions is rapid, inexpensive and at hand, but it is sometimes unreliable, depending on the examiner's skill, environmental factors(e.g. brightness of the room) or individual skin color, etc. It must be important to obtain the objective assessment of the skin lesions when we come to treat the patients or investigate the skin problems. Several non-invasive techniques based on different principles have been developed to investigate the skin functions. The skin surface contour has been a good subject for investigators to apply their techniques. There are several techniques for the evaluation of the skin surface contours such as stylus profilometer, laser profilometer and conventional optical profilometer (COP), but these methods have some drawbacks because their data are basically obtained from the two dimensional algorithm. So a new instrument has been developed based on a new concept 'stereoimage' processing technique in this study. The stereoimage optical profilometer(SOP) system, stores digital data of a pair of stereo images using the frame grabber. A pair of stereo images contains depth information. The depth can be extracted from right and left side of the stereo images. The difference between left and right side image is called 'disparity' which contains the depth information of the three dimensional view. The studies of three research plans have been tried to evaluate the skin surface contours quantitatively by using the SOP. 103 Korean healthy men in four age groups(0-20, 21-40, 41-60, above 61 year old) were participated in the first and the second study, where the new instrument named SOP has been applied. First of all, for comparing the usefulness and the reliability between the SOP and the COP, the coefficient variation(CV) of Rz(mean depth of roughness) was calculated by using the SOP and the COP as a validity study. The CVs of Rz using the COP are quite larger than those using the SOP. This result suggests that the SOP is much more reliable and a valid tool than ordinary COP. The second study was to evaluate the change of skin furrows according to aging process. The SOP is a new instrument for three dimensional evaluation of skin furrows, so the new six parameters such as Ra(mean surface roughness). Rz(mean depth of roughness), TL(three dimensional length), TA(three dimensional area), TV(three dimensional volume), TRz(three dimensional Rz) were to be developed, Ra, TL and TA showed statistically significant increase, in the age groups of after sixties. Rz also showed significant increase in over twenties and over sixties. In the third study, the SOP was used to apply for quantitative assessment of the patch test result of allergic contact dermatitis. Seventy-three Korean workers who had personal history of allergic contact dermatitis were participated in this study. Ninety-two positive patch test sites were obtained and were measured by the SOP. It was observed that there was statistically significant difference between the negative patch test site and the positive patch test site, when using the parameters such as TRz, TL and TV. In conclusion. the SOP system is more reliable and a useful method to evaluate skin furrows than the COP. Among the parameters which were made in this study, TA, TL, Ra and Rz seem to be useful as a reliable algorithm for evaluating skin furrows in aging process. The SOP is a very useful tool for objective measurement of the various changes of the skin surface contours, according to aging process and patch test.

Shape and Contact Force Estimation of Inserted Flexible Medical device

Hwan-Taek Ryu,Jaehong Woo,소병록,Byung-Ju Yi 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.1

Flexible devices such as colonoscopy tube or catheter being inserted into the human-body make contact with the human tissues at several locations. Excessive contact force may damage the human tissues. To cope with this problem, the first aim of this paper is the shape estimation of the flexible body inside the human body using only two electromagnetic sensors. For this, the flexible body is modeled as kinematically redundant manipulator with many joints and links. The second aim is to estimate contact forces at a point, line contact, and multiple points. Cosserat-rod theory is employed to solve this problem. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is proved through both experiment and simulation for a flexible colonoscopy tube.