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Fusarisetin A, an Acinar Morphogenesis Inhibitor from a Soil Fungus, Fusarium sp. FN080326
Jang, Jae-Hyuk,Asami, Yukihiro,Jang, Jun-Pil,Kim, Sun-Ok,Moon, Dong Oh,Shin, Kee-Sun,Hashizume, Daisuke,Muroi, Makoto,Saito, Tamio,Oh, Hyuncheol,Kim, Bo Yeon,Osada, Hiroyuki,Ahn, Jong Seog American Chemical Society 2011 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.133 No.18
<P>An acinar morphogenesis inhibitor named fusarisetin A (<B>1</B>) that possesses both an unprecedented carbon skeleton and a new pentacyclic ring system has been identified from an in-house fractionated fungal library using a three-dimensional matrigel-induced acinar morphogenesis assay system. The structure of <B>1</B> was determined in detail by NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopy, X-ray analysis, and chemical reaction experiments.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2011/jacsat.2011.133.issue-18/ja1110688/production/images/medium/ja-2010-110688_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja1110688'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
( Jong Ok Jang ),( Jung Bok Lee ),( Beam Soo Kim ),( Sun Chul Kang ),( Cher Won Hwang ),( Kee Sun Shin ),( Gi Seok Kwon ) 한국환경농학회 2011 한국환경농학회지 Vol.30 No.3
BACKGROUND: Chemical fungicides not only may pollute the ecosystem but also can be environmentally hazardous, as the chemicals accumulate in soil. Biological control is a frequently-used environment-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in phytopathogen management. However, the use of microbial products as fungicides has limitations. This study isolated and characterized a three-antifungal-enzyme (chitinase,cellulase,andβ-1,3-glucanase)-producing bacterium, and examined the conditions required to optimize the production of the antifungal enzymes. METHOD AND RESULTS: The antifungal enzymes chitinase, cellulase, and β-1,3-glucanase were produced by bacteria isolated from an sawmill in Korea. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the bacterial strain AM50 was identical to Streptomyces sp. And their antifungal activity was optimized when Streptomyces sp. AM50 was grown aerobically in a medium composed of 0.4% chitin, 0.4% starch, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.11% Na2HPO4, 0.07% KH2PO4, 0.0001% MgSO4, and 0.0001% MnSO4 at 30℃. A culture broth of Streptomyces sp. AM50 showed antifungal activity towards the hyphae of plant pathogenic fungi, including hyphae swelling and lysis in P. capsici, factors that may contribute to its suppression of plant pathogenic fungi. CONCLUSION(S): This study demonstrated the multi- antifungal enzyme production by Streptomyces sp. AM50 for the biological control of major plant pathogens. Further studies will investigate the synergistic effect, to the growth regulations by biogenic amines and antifungal enzyme gene promoter.
Jang, Hyun-Jong,Kim, Ji-Eun,Jeong, Kyoung Hoon,Lim, Sung Chul,Kim, Seong Yun,Cho, Kyung-Ok MDPI AG 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.4
<P><I>Hericium erinaceus</I> (HE), a culinary-medicinal mushroom, has shown therapeutic potential in many brain diseases. However, the role of HE in status epilepticus (SE)-mediated neuronal death and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of HE using a pilocarpine-induced SE model. Male C57BL/6 mice received crude extracts of HE (60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg, or 300 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 d from 14 d before SE to 6 d after SE. At 7 d after SE, cresyl violet and immunohistochemistry of neuronal nuclei revealed improved hippocampal neuronal survival in animals treated with 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg of HE, whereas those treated with 300 mg/kg of HE showed similar neuronal death to that of vehicle-treated controls. While seizure-induced reactive gliosis, assessed by immunohistochemistry, was not altered by HE, the number of hippocampal cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-expressing cells was significantly reduced by 60 and 120 mg/kg of HE. Triple immunohistochemistry demonstrated no overlap of COX2 labeling with Ox42, in addition to a decrease in COX2/GFAP-co-immunoreactivity in the group treated with 60 mg/kg HE, suggesting that the reduction of COX2 by HE promotes neuroprotection after SE. Our findings highlight the potential application of HE for preventing neuronal death after seizures.</P>
Beneficial Effects of Cynaroside on Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury In Vitro and In Vivo
Jong-Hyun Nho,Ho-Kyung Jung,Mu-Jin Lee,Ji-Hun Jang,Mi-Ok Sim,Da-Eun Jeong,Hyun-Woo Cho,Jong-Choon Kim 한국독성학회 2018 Toxicological Research Vol.34 No.2
Anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin and doxorubicin are effectively used more than radiotherapy. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug, used for treatment of various forms of cancer. However, it has side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity increases tubular damage and renal dysfunction. Consequently, we investigated the beneficial effect of cynaroside on cisplatin-induced kidney injury using HK-2 cell (human proximal tubule cell line) and an animal model. Results indicated that 10 μM cynaroside diminished cisplatin-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase-3 activation, cisplatin-induced upregulation of caspase-3/MST-1 pathway decreased by treatment of cynaroside in HK-2 cells. To confirm the effect of cynaroside on cisplatin-induced kidney injury in vivo, we used cisplatin exposure animal model (20 mg/kg, balb/c mice, i.p., once a day for 3 days). Renal dysfunction, tubular damage and neutrophilia induced by cisplatin injection were decreased by cynaroside (10 mg/kg, i.p., once a day for 3 days). Results indicated that cynaroside decreased cisplatin-induced kidney injury in vitro and in vivo, and it could be used for improving cisplatin-induced side effects. However, further experiments are required regarding toxicity by high dose cynaroside and caspase-3/MST-1-linked signal transduction in the animal model.