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Choi, Yumi,Goto, Tomotsugu,Yoon, Suk-Jin Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.395 No.2
<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>Strong Balmer absorption lines and the lack of Hα and [O <SMALL>II</SMALL>] emission lines signify that E+A galaxies are post-starburst systems. Recent studies suggest that E+As may undergo the transition from the ‘blue cloud’ to the ‘red sequence’ and eventually migrate to red-sequence early-type galaxies. An observational validation of this scenario is to identify the intervening galaxy population between E+As and the red sequence. Motivated by recent findings with Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) that an unexpectedly large fraction of early-type galaxies exhibit ultraviolet (UV) excess (i.e. blue UV – optical colours) as a sign of recent star formation (RSF), we investigate the possible connection of the UV-excess galaxies to E+As. In particular, we examine the Fundamental Plane (FP) scaling relations of the currently largest sample of ∼1000 E+As selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and ∼20 000 morphologically selected SDSS early-type galaxies with GALEX UV data. The FP parameters, combined with stellar population indicators, reveal a certain group of UV-excess early types that bridge between E+As and quiescent red galaxies. The newly identified galaxies are the post-starburst systems characterized by UV-excess but no Hα emission. This is essentially a conceptual generalization of ‘E+A’, in that the Balmer absorption line in the ‘E+A’ definition is replaced with UV – optical colours that are far more sensitive to RSF than the Balmer lines. We refer to these UV-excess galaxies as ‘E+a’ galaxies (named after ‘E+A’), which stand for elliptical (‘E’) galaxies with a minority of A-type (‘a’) young stars. The species are either (1) galaxies that experienced starbursts weaker than those observed in E+As (1 ∼ 10 per cent of E+As, ‘mild E+As’) or (2) the products of passively evolved E+As after quenching star formation quite a while ago (∼1 Gyr, ‘old E+As’). We suggest that the latter type of E+a galaxies (i.e. old ‘E+As’) represents the most recent arrival to the red sequence in the final phase of the E+A to red early-type transition.</P>
A TALE OF TWO FEEDBACKS: STAR FORMATION IN THE HOST GALAXIES OF RADIO AGNs
Karouzos, Marios,Im, Myungshin,Trichas, Markos,Goto, Tomo,Malkan, Matt,Ruiz, Angel,Jeon, Yiseul,Kim, Ji Hoon,Lee, Hyung Mok,Kim, Seong Jin,Oi, Nagisa,Matsuhara, Hideo,Takagi, Toshinobu,Murata, K.,Wada IOP Publishing 2014 The Astrophysical journal Vol.784 No.2
<P>Several lines of argument support the existence of a link between activity at the nuclei of galaxies, in the form of an accreting supermassive black hole, and star formation activity in these galaxies. Radio jets have long been argued to be an ideal mechanism that allows active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to interact with their host galaxies and affect star formation. We use a sample of radio sources in the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) field to study the nature of this putative link, by means of spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting. We employ the excellent spectral coverage of the AKARI infrared space telescope and the rich ancillary data available in the NEP to build SEDs extending from UV to far-IR wavelengths. We find a significant AGN component in our sample of relatively faint radio sources (<mJy). A positive correlation is found between the luminosity of the AGN component and that of star formation in the host galaxy, independent of the radio luminosity. In contrast, for narrow redshift and AGN luminosity ranges, we find that increasing radio luminosity leads to a decrease in the specific star formation rate. The most radio-loud AGNs are found to lie on the main sequence of star formation for their respective redshifts. For the first time, we potentially see such a two-sided feedback process in the same sample. We discuss the possible suppression of star formation, but not total quenching, in systems with strong radio jets, that supports the maintenance nature of feedback from radio AGN jets.</P>
H.264/AVC 움직임 추정을 위한 효율적인 정적 블록 스킵 방법과 결합된 다이아몬드 웹 격자 탐색 알고리즘
정창욱 ( Chang-uk Jeong ),최진구 ( Jin-ku Choi ),이케나가다케시 ( Takeshi Ikenaga ),고토사토시 ( Satoshi Goto ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.11 No.2
H.264/AVC 표준은 여러 가지 신기술들을 접목시킴으로써 기존의 동영상 표준들보다 한층 개선된 부호화 효율성을 제공한다. 하지만, H.264/AVC 인코더의 향상된 부호화 기술은 그것의 전반적인 복잡도를 크게 증가시켰다. 따라서, 인코더의 복잡도 수준을 경감시키기 위한 최적화의 연구는 중대한 선결 과제이다. 특히, 움직임 추정 부분에 대한 계산량의 비율은 인코더의 작업시간을 크게 좌우한다. 본 논문에서는 완전 다이아몬드와 12각형을 기본 탐색 패턴으로 사용하고 특정한 임계기준치를 적용시킴으로써 효율적으로 정적 블록들을 스킵하는 다이아몬드 웹 격자 탐색 알고리즘을 제안한다. 실험 결과는 본 논문에서 제안된 기법이 기존의 UMHexagonS 알고리즘의 계산량을 12%까지 감소시키면서도 유사한 PSNR을 유지한다는 것을 보여준다. H.264/AVC offers a better encoding efficiency than conventional video standards by adopting many new encoding techniques. However, the advanced coding techniques also add to the overall complexity for H.264/AVC encoder. Accordingly, it is necessary to perform optimization to alleviate the level of complexity for the video encoder. The amount of computation for motion estimation is of particular importance. In this paper, we propose a diamond web-grid search algorithm combined with efficient stationary block skip method which employs full diamond and dodecagon search patterns, and the variable thresholds are used for performing an effective skip of stationary blocks. The experimental results indicate that the proposed technique reduces the computations of the unsymmetrical-cross multi-hexagon-grid search algorithm by up to 12% while maintaining a similar PSNR performance.
김대진 마사다가 시모조,이찌로 고또 ( Dae Jin Kim,Masataka Shimojo,Ichiro Goto ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.6
In Korea, rumen fluid-pepsin (RFP) technique has been accepted for the determination of dry matter digestibility (DMD) of forages, however, little information concerning pepsincellulase (PC) technique has been available. To test PC as a replacement for REP, we estimated DMD of Robinia pseudo acacia, Lespedeza bicolor and Puereria thunbergiana grown in Korean mountainous area by both PC and REP. The materials were seperated into leaf and stem samples, and they were dried at 80℃ for 24 hr and ground to pass a 1-㎜ screen. The DMD of the samples were determined using PC by McLeod and Minson and RFP by Minson and McLead. The results are summarized as follows: In PC the DMD of leaves of Robinia pseudo acacia, Lespedeza bicolor and Pueraria thunbergiana were 49.0%, 49.8% and 63.1%, and the DMD of their stems were 46.6%, 25.2% and 43.8% respectively. In RFP the DMD of leaves of the samples were 48.9%, 54.4% and 65.9%, and the DMD of their stems were 53.0%, 32.7% and 51.5% respectively. Regression equation and correlation coefficients between DMD by RFP (Y) and DMD by PC(X) were Y=11.65+0.85X and r=0.97 (P$lt;0.01). Regression equation and correlation coefficients between DMD(Y) and lignin content(X) were Y=90.00-4.14X and r= -9.99 (P$lt;0.01) in PC, Y=89.33-3.62X and r=-0.99 (P$lt;0.01) in RFP respectively.