http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
뉴캣슬병 바이러스 검출 및 병원성 감별을 위한 Duplex RT-PCR법 개발
김지예(Ji-Ye Kim),이현정(Hyun-Jeong Lee),장일(Il Jang),이희수(Hee-Soo Lee),윤성준(Seung-Jun Yoon),박지성(Ji-Sung Park),설재구(Jae-Goo Seol),김승환(Seung-Han Kim),홍지무(Ji-Mu Hong),Zillian Wang,Hualei Liu,최강석(Kang-Seuk Choi) 한국가금학회 2017 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.44 No.2
본 연구에서 NDV의 L유전자와 F유전자를 표적 부위로 각각 제작한 primer 세트를 사용함으로써 하나의 PCR 튜브에서 NDV 검출(386 bp의 증폭 크기)과 함께 병원성 NDV (229 bp의 증폭 크기)를 동시에 감별 증폭할 수 있는 dRTPCR 검사법을 개발하였다. 개발된 dRT-PCR검사법은 NDV를 특이적으로 검출하고, 병원성을 감별하였다. 특히 국내 병성감정 실시기관에서 적용 중인 기존의 RT-PCR 상용키트에서는 검출하지 못하는 class I NDV과 PPMV(class II 유전형 VI형)을 NDV를 검출함과 동시에 병원성 NDV도 감별가능하였다. 개발된 dRT-PCR 검사법의 검출 민감도는 약 103.0EID50/0.1 mL로 평가되었다. 또한 ND발생국의 야외 시료에 적용했을 때, NDV 공통항원 검출율은 94.4%였으며, 병원성 NDV 검출율은 100%이었다. 그러므로 본 연구에서 개발한 dRT-PCR 검사법은 의심축 사례에서 ND를 신속 정확하게 진단하는 데 유용할 진단 방법을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. A duplex RT-PCR (dRT-PCR) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of nonvirulent and virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in a single PCR tube. Primers targeting the large polymerase protein (L) gene and the fusion protein (F) gene of NDV were designed to detect all NDVs (by common type PCR primers) and virulent NDVs (by pathotype PCR primers), respectively and evaluated experimentally with reference NDV strains and other poultry viral pathogens. PCR products of the expected size of 386 bp were amplified from all NDV samples whereas PCR products of the expected size of 229 bp were amplified from virulent NDV samples alone. Cross reaction was not observed with other avian viral pathogens. The detection limit of NDV by the dRT-PCR was estimated to be 103 50% egg infectious dose/0.1 mL. In the dRT-PCR using field isolates of NDV, the pathotype PCR primers detected specifically all of virulent field isolates of NDV from Malaysia, Pakistan and China whereas common type PCR primers detected 94.4% (51/54) of field isolates of NDV from China. Three Chinese NDV isolates with false negative result were non-virulent viruses. Our results indicate that the dRT-PCR might provide a rapid and simple tool for rapid simultaneous detection and discrimination of non-virulent and virulent NDVs. Therefore the developed dRT-PCR assay provides a powerful novel means for the rapid diagnosis of Newcastle disease.
Steel Bridge Construction of Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge
Wen-bo Gao,Quan-ke Su,Jin-wen Zhang,Hong-bing Xie,Feng Wen,Fang Li,Ji-zhu Liu 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.5
The 55-km-long Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge (HZMB) is the world’s longest sea-crossing bridge, connecting Hong Kong with Zhuhai and Macao at the mouth of the Pearl River Estuary in China, comprising 22.9-km-long steel bridges. HZMB is the leading steel bridge in China, with top-level manufacturing and installation technology. This paper outlines the steel bridge construction experiences of HZMB to provide comparisons for the construction of other long sea-crossing steel bridges at home or abroad. The main considerations of construction constraints, scheme selection, structural and aesthetic design of HZMB are presented, and the following points related to new strategies in the steel bridge construction of HZMB are elaborated: (1) construction quality assurance, (2) automatic manufacturing technology, (3) large segment off shore installation, (4) eco-friendly paint (content limitation of volatile organic compounds) and new multifunctional inspection gantry, and (5) Guss Mastic Asphalt steel deck pavement system. The successful implementation of those strategies shows that the steel bridge construction of HZMB promotes improvement in the overall construction and management level of the Chinese bridge industry. The advanced experience of HZMB has opened up broad prospects for the design and construction of off shore bridge engineering in China.
( Hong-xu Yang ),( Yue Shang ),( Quan Jin ),( Yan-ling Wu ),( Jian Liu ),( Chun-ying Qiao ),( Zi-ying Zhan ),( Huan Ye ),( Ji-xing Nan ),( Li-hua Lian ) 한국응용약물학회 2020 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.28 No.4
In current study, we aimed to investigate whether the gentiopicroside (GPS) derived from Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa could block the progression of alcoholic hepatic steatosis to fibrosis induced by chronic ethanol intake. C57BL/6 mice were fed an ethanol- containing Lieber-DeCarli diet for 4 weeks. LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells were treated with GPS 1 h prior to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulation, and murine hepatocyte AML12 cells were pretreated by GPS 1 h prior to ethanol treatment. GPS inhibited the expression of type I collagen (collagen I), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and tissue inhibitor of metal protease 1 in ethanol-fed mouse livers with mild fibrosis. In addition, the imbalanced lipid metabolism induced by chronic ethanol-feeding was ameliorated by GPS pretreatment, characterized by the modulation of lipid accumulation. Consistently, GPS inhibited the expression of collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 cells stimulated by TGF-β. Inhibition of lipid synthesis and promotion of oxidation by GPS were also confirmed in ethanol-treated AML12 cells. GPS could prevent hepatic steatosis advancing to the inception of a mild fibrosis caused by chronic alcohol exposure, suggesting GPS might be a promising therapy for targeting the early stage of alcoholic liver disease.
Adaptive polymorphism of tetrameric alpha-amylase inhibitors in wild emmer wheat
Ji-Rui Wang,Mei Deng,Ya-Xi Liu,Xin Qiao,Zhen-Hong Chen,Qian-Tao Jiang,Zhi-En Pu,Yu-Ming Wei,Eviatar Nevo,You-Liang Zheng 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.4
α-Amylase inhibitors are attractive candidates for the control of seed weevils as these insects are highly dependent on starch as an energy source. Wheat tetrameric α-amylase inhibitor (WTAI) is a mixture (60 kDa) of 3 units: WTAI-CM2 plus 2 WTAI-CM3 plus WTAI-CM16, where none of the subunits is active on its own. A total of 334 gene sequences were obtained from 14 populations (131 accessions= genotypes) of wild emmer wheat. The frequencies of SNPs in WTAI-CM2,WTAI-CM3 and WTAI-CM16 were 1 out of 87.6, 101.4, and 108.0 bases, where 5, 5 and 4 SNPs were detected in the coding sequence, respectively. The nucleotide sequence of each unit of tetrameric α-amylase inhibitors were much more conserved than that of dimeric or monomeric inhibitors. The wild emmer wheat populations showed diversity on three WTAI loci,both between and within populations. It was revealed that WTAI were naturally selected for across populations by a ratio of dN/dS as expected. The results of purifying and positive selection hypothesis (p<0.05) also showed that the sequences of WTAI were contributed by natural selection, which ensures the protein function conservation as well as the inhibition diversity with insects amylase enzyme. Ecological factors, singly or in combination, explained a significant proportion of the variations in the SNPs. Ecological factors have an important evolutionary role in gene differentiation at these loci, and tetrameric α-amylase inhibitors are obviously adaptively selected under different environments.
Magnetic-Optical AuFe Alloy Nanoparticles
Hong Ling Liu,Jun Hua Wu,Ji Hyun Min,Young Keun Kim 한국자기학회 2007 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-
Smart nanoparticles (NPs) of multiple components offer exciting opportunities in fundamental studies and highly multidisciplinary nanotechnology that has rapidly grown with tremendous applications in many areas including medicine, life science, materials science, environment, electronics, and energy. Metallic alloy NPs have been extensively investigated for various purposes such as magnetic recording, drug delivery, bioseparation, medical diagnosis, and catalysis, particularly magnetic and optical properties of materials are widely pursued. Since fusion of the magnetic and optical elements in one single entity promises multifunctionality and potential applications, so a great deal of effort is instilled to prepare such nanoparticles containing Au and Fe. We have investigated a variety of functional nanoparticles via an efficient, scalable and non-toxic synthesis approach [1]. In this work, we report the preparation and characterization of multifunctional magnetic-optical AuFe alloy nanoparticles, integrating the optical functionality of Au composition and the magnetic properties of iron. The nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified polyol process using iron acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3) and gold acetate (Au(ac)3) in the presence of surfactants at high temperature[1].Three compositions of AuFe nanoparticles, Au0.25Fe0.75, Au0.5Fe0.5, and Au0.75Fe0.25, were formed and investigated on the structure and properties as a function of composition by TEM/HRTEM, XRD, UV-vis, XPS and VSM/SQUID. It is found that the fusion of the two materials into one nanostructure entity retains the optical and magnetic properties of the individual components (Figs.1,2). The XRD and TEM analysis confirms the formation of the alloy nanostructure and provides the detailed structural arrangements, with a narrow distribution of particle sizes in the range of 5~10 ㎚ (Figs.34). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals the binding energies of Au and Fe in the state of the AuFe alloy nanoparticles. The magnetic characterization shows the superparamagnetic or soft ferromagnetic behavior (Fig.1) of the nanoparticles at room temperature, while the thermal response to different external fields was obtained from the M~T measurements in the FC and ZFC modes, respectively. The UV-vis spectra display the variation of the absorption bands at ~560㎚ with composition (Fig.2), which is characteristic of nanostructured gold. These AuFe nanoparticles are water soluble after thiolation.
Ji, Kyunghee,Seo, Jihyeon,Liu, Xiaoshan,Lee, Jinyoung,Lee, Sangwoo,Lee, Woojin,Park, Jeongim,Khim, Jong Seong,Hong, Seongjin,Choi, Yeyong,Shim, Won Joon,Takeda, Shunichi,Giesy, John P.,Choi, Kyungho American Chemical Society 2011 Environmental science & technology Vol.45 No.17
<P>The <I>Hebei Spirit</I> oil spill episode (December 7, 2007) has affected the western coastal area of South Korea; however, there is limited information on the potential toxicity of the oil spill to the ecosystem or humans. The potential toxicity of sediments collected from the affected area (<I>n</I> = 22) 2 years after the spill was evaluated. Acute lethal toxicity tests using <I>Vibrio fischeri</I> and <I>Moina macrocopa</I> and tests for genotoxicity and alteration of steroidogenesis using chicken DT40 cells and H295R cells, respectively, were conducted. Both crude and weathered oil extracts were evaluated in order to link the observed toxicity in the sediment extracts to the oil spill. Whereas toxicity to bacteria and daphnids was observed in only two elutriate samples, 10 of the 22 sediment extracts showed genotoxic potential in DT40 cells. The mechanisms of genotoxicity involved nucleotide excision repair (XPA<SUP>–/</SUP>), homologous recombination (RAD54<SUP>–/–</SUP>), and translesion synthesis pathways (REV3<SUP>–/–</SUP>). In addition, nine sediment extracts caused significantly greater production of E2 in H295R cells, and significant up-regulation of CYP19, CYP11B2, and 3βHSD2 by sediment extracts was observed. The pattern of toxicities observed in both crude and weathered oil samples was similar to that observed in the sediment extracts. The genotoxicicity and endocrine-disruption potential of the sediment extracts suggest a need for long-term followup for such toxicity in humans and wildlife in this area.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2011/esthag.2011.45.issue-17/es200724x/production/images/medium/es-2011-00724x_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es200724x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>