선의 편협성과 객관주의적 극복

김진선 ( Kim¸ Jinsun ) 한국윤리학회 2021 倫理硏究 Vol.134 No.1

현대 사회에서 개인의 권리가 중요하다는 인식은 이미 널리 퍼져 있다. 그러나 집단이 개인을 압도하는 일은 생각보다 흔하게 일어나고 있다. 이런 경우, ‘대의를 위하여’라는 변명은 손쉽게 나타날 수 있지만 그것이 언제나 옳은 것은 아니다. 특히 그것이 ‘선(good)’으로 강조될 경우 사람들에게 무비판적으로 수용될 수 있다. 이는 선을 편협한 것으로 만들 것이다. 여기에서는 선의 편협성을 완전성과 동질성이라는 두 개의 측면에서 살펴본다. 완전성은 개인이 추구하는 가치를 절대적인 진리나 질서와 합일하려는 데에서 드러난다고 할 수 있다. 동질성은 진리나 질서의 속성을 집단 안에서의 조화에서 찾고자 하는 경향과 관련된다. 이 연구에서는 객관주의를 토대로 선의 편협성을 비판하고 새로운 방향을 모색하고자 한다. 객관주의는 합리성을 바탕으로 목표를 이루고 자존감을 확증하는 것을 이상으로 삼는다. 객관주의가 보여주는 이런 윤리적 개인의 이상은 선에 종속되는 인간이 아닌, 선을 창조하고 그것을 자신의 삶 속에서 실천하는 인간으로 전환할 수 있는 동기를 마련해 줄 수 있을 것이다. The recognition of the importance of individual rights in modern society is already widespread. However, it is a common thing that the group overwhelms the individual. In this case, the excuse ‘for we all’ can easily arise, but it is not always right. Especially if it is emphasized as ‘good’, it can be accepted uncritically by people. This will make good narrow. Here, we look at the narrowness of good from two aspects: completeness and homogeneity. Completeness can be said to be revealed in trying to unite the values pursued by an individual with absolute-collective- truth or order. Homogeneity is related to the tendency to find the attributes of truth or order in harmony within a group. In this study, based on objectivism, I will criticize the narrowness of good and a seek a new model. Objectivism aims to achieve goals based on rationality and to affirm self-esteem. This ideal of an ethical individual shown by objectivism can provide the motivation to transform into a human being who creates goodness and practices it in their own lives, rather than being subordinated to goodness.

Review of Sarcoidosis in a Province of South Korea from 1996 to 2014

Kim, Min-Seok,Park, Cheol-Kyu,Shin, Hong-Joon,Seo, Hyeong-Won,Chang, Jinsun,Ahn, Seong,Kim, Tae-Ok,Lim, Jung-Hwan,Oh, In-Jae,Kwon, Yong-Soo,Kim, Yu-Il,Lim, Sung-Chul,Kim, Young-Chul The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.3

Background: Since the introduction of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) of mediastinal lymph nodes, the incidence of histopathologically-confirmed sarcoidosis has increased. Methods: The electronic medical records of Chonnam National University (CNU) Hospital and CNU Hwasun Hospital (CNUHH) were searched for confirmed cases of sarcoidosis diagnosed between 1996 and 2014. Cases were selected using a combination of clinical, radiological, and pathological evidence. Of 115 cases with the relevant disease codes, 16 cases were excluded, as they had not been confirmed pathologically or had no definitive clinical features of sarcoidosis. Results: Among 99 cases of confirmed sarcoidosis, only nine patients were diagnosed with sarcoidosis before 2008; the rest were diagnosed from 2008 onward, after the introduction of EBUS-TBNA. EBUS-TBNA was used in 75.8% of patients, open surgical biopsy in 13.2%, and mediastinoscopic biopsy in 5.1%. At the time of diagnosis, 42.4% of sarcoidosis cases were at stage I, 55.6% at stage II, and 2% at stage III. Spontaneous remission of sarcoidosis was observed in 33.3% of cases, and stable disease in 37.4%; systemic steroid treatment was initiated in 23.2% of cases. Of the patients treated with systemic steroids, 69.6% showed improvement. The median duration of steroid treatment was 5 months. Conclusion: Following the introduction of EBUS-TBNA, the number of newly diagnosed sarcoidosis patients has increased. Clinical features of sarcoidosis were similar to those previously reported. Spontaneous remission occurred in about one-third of patients, while one-fourth of patients required systemic steroid treatment.

HSPF를 이용한 수원시 비점오염 저감효과 분석

김진선 ( Jinsun Kim ),김홍태 ( Hongtae Kim ),최지연 ( Yeonji Choi ),장희선 ( Heeseon Jang ),김용석 ( Yongseck Kim ),이재관 ( Jaekwan Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2017 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.-

울산 항구 해양수질 환경오염도 평가 연구

김진선(Jinsun Kim),신상민(Sangmin Sin),이지나(Jina Lee),김은정(Eunjung Kim),엄슬기(Seulgi Um),강연경(Yeongyeong Kang),이경화(Gyeonghwa Lee),김대영(Daeyoung Kim),최수미(Sumi Choi) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2023 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.05

병 대상 표준화된 기본심폐소생술(PWW방식) 교육이 심폐소생술 수행능력에 미치는 효과

김진선 ( Jinsun Kim ),김인영 ( Inyeong Kim ),김자연 ( Jayeon Kim ),임재황 ( Jaehwang Leem ),주기범 ( Kibum Ju ),주상호 ( Sangho Chu ),박종호 ( Jongho Park ) 국군의무사령부 2017 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.48 No.1

Objectives: This study examines the effects of practice while watching based CPR training on CPR performance for soldiers. The study intended to seek a CPR education method suitable for military. Methods: The participants were 375 soldiers in J city and D city. Data were collected from June, 2016 through December 2016. This study was a nonequivalent control group no-synchronized design. The data were analyzed with t-test and repeated measure ANOVA using the SPSS/PC 20.0 win. Result: There is a statistically significant difference in performance and accuracy between practice while watching based CPR training and power point based CPR training(p〈0.05) Conclusion: practice while watching based CPR training group was higher than the CPR score of power point based CPR training group. It is found that the practice while watching based CPR training could be effective.

Epigenetic regulation of the potential tumor suppressor gene, hLHX6.1, in human cervical cancer

JUNG, SAMIL;JEONG, DONGJUN;KIM, JINSUN;YI, LISHA;KOO, KEUNHOE;LEE, JAEHYOUK;KIM, CHANG-JIN;KIM, CHANG-HWAN;AN, SUNGWHAN;YANG, YOUNG;LIM, JONG-SEOK;KIM, KEUN IL;LEE, MYEONG-SOK Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2011 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.2

It is well known that the Homo sapiens LIM homeobox domain 6 gene (hLHX6), a putative transcription regulator, controls the differentiation and development of neural and lymphoid cells, particularly in the central nervous system. In this study, we investigated hLHX6.1 (an isoform of hLHX6), which functions as a tumor suppressor gene in the cervix. Firstly, the methylation levels of the h내X6 and hLHX6.1 promoters were investigated in 8 cervical cancer cell lines and human tissue samples with a distinctive degree of malignant transformation. In spite of the presence of multiple cytosine guanine dinucleotides (CpG islands) in 2 proximal promoters of the hLHX6 and hLHX6.1 genes, only the HLHX6.1 promoters were found to be mostly hyper¬methylated and associated with transcriptional silencing by promoter methylation, whereas the hLHX6 promoters were not. Methylation levels in the hLX6.1 promoter were also found to be strongly related to cervical cancer development. The level of hLHX6.1 gene expression was found to be relatively high in normal cells, in which the hLHX6.1 promoter was mostly unmethylated. However, the hLHX6.1 gene expression was down-regulated or undetectable in cervical cancer cell lines and cancer tissues, in which the hLHX6.1 promoter was hypermethylated. This epigenetic alteration in the hLHX6.1 promoter begins at a relatively early stage, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for the early diagnosis and prevention of cervical cancer. Moreover, the overexpression of the hLHX6.1 gene in cervical cancer cells suppressed the tumorigenic phenotype, as shown by soft agar colony formation and migration assays, suggesting that hLHX6.1 could be a new tumor suppressor gene in the cervix.

The role of ADCYAP1, adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1, as a methylation biomarker for the early detection of cervical cancer

JUNG, SAMIL;YI, LISHA;JEONG, DONGJUN;KIM, JINSUN;AN, SUNGWHAN;OH, TAE-JEONG;KM, CHANG-HWAN;KIM, CHANG-JIN;YANG, YOUNG;KIM, KEUN IL;LIM, JONG-SEOK;LEE, MYEONG-SOK Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2011 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.2

The ADCYAP1 gene encodes an adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1. ADCYAP1 has been known to be involved in various biological processes. Multiple cytosine guanine dinucleotides (CpG island) are found in the ADCYAP1 promoter region. Transcriptional silencing by promoter hypermethylation is an important regulatory mechanism in tumorigenesis in many cancers. Therefore, the methylation level of the ADCYAP1 promoter was investigated in eight cervical cancer cell lines and human tissue samples with a distinctive degree of malignant transformation. While multiple CpG sites in the ADCYAPI promoter were highly methylated in CIN III and invasive carcinoma cells as well as seven cervical cancer cell lines, they were rarely methylated in normal cells. Importantly, methylation in the ADCYAP1 promoter seems to start from CIN I,relatively early stage of multistep carcinogenesis. This fact suggest that ADCYAP1 can be used as an effective and sensitive methylation biomarker for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Moreover, our data imply that the level of the ADCYAP1 promoter hypermethylation is correlated with cervical cancer development. We also show that ADCYAP1 gene expression was reactivated by the treatment of a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor of 5'-aza-2'deoxycytidine and/or a histone deacetylase inhibitor of trichostain A in cervical cancer cells suggesting that hypermethylation in the ADCYAP1 promoter is responsible for the transcriptional silencing of the ADCYAP1 gene in cervical cancer cells.

F-22 Hypersensitivity Reactions to Tuberculosis Drug

( Jinsun Chang ),( Seong Ahn ),( Hong-joon Shin ),( Yu-il Kim ),( Sung-chul Lim ),( Hyeong-won Seo ),( Tae-ok Kim ),( Chul-kyu Park ),( Jung-hwan Lim ),( In-jae Oh ),( Young-chul Kim ),( Yong-soo Kwon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

Background: Adverse drug reactions to tuberculosis(TB) drugs are common and increase unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Hypersensitivity reactions to TB drug are important and common adverse drug reactions. Little has been studied on this issue. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the clinical data of TB patients with drug hypersensitivity reactions to TB drugs which were demonstrated by drug challenge tests at Chonnam National University Hospital between January 2011 and April 2016. Results: In this study we enrolled a total of 2347 TB patients treated with TB drugs during the study period. Of these patients, 339 patients (14.4 %) had suspected hypersensitivity reactions to TB drugs, and among them hypersensitivity reactions were demonstrated by drug challenge tests in 33 patients (9.7%). Of the 33 patients, 19 patients (57.6%) had single drug hypersensitivity reactions and 14 patients (42.4%) multiple drug hypersensitivity reactions. The median number of TB drugs in multiple drug hypersensitivity reactions was 2.5 (interquartile range, 2.0-3.0). With regard to the causative drugs, rifampin and ethambutol were most common in both single (n=9 [47.4%] concerning rifampin and n=8 [42.1%] concerning ethambutol) and multiple TB drug hypersensitivity reactions (n=9 [64.3%] concerning both drugs). Common clinical manifestations included eosinophilia (72.7%), skin rashes (66.7%), and itching sense (39.4%). Conclusions: Hypersensitivity reactions to TB drugs are common and frequently caused by multiple drugs. Rifampin and ethambutol were the most common drugs causing the reactions.

Integrase C-terminal residues determine the efficiency of feline foamy viral DNA integration

Kim, Jinsun,Lee, Ga-Eun,Lochelt, Martin,Shin, Cha-Gyun 3M Company 2018 Virology Vol.514 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Integrase (IN) is an essential enzyme in retroviral life cycle. It mediates viral cDNA integration into host cellular DNA. Feline foamy virus (FFV) is a member of the Spumavirus subfamily of Retroviridae. Recently, its life cycle has been proposed to be different from other retroviruses. Despite this important finding, FFV IN is not understood clearly. Here, we constructed point mutations in FFV IN C-terminal domain (CTD) to obtain a clear understanding of its integration mechanism. Mutation of the amino acid residues in FFV IN CTD interacting with target DNA reduced both IN enzymatic activities <I>in vitro</I> and viral productions in infected cells. Especially, the mutants, R307 and K340, made viral DNA integration less efficient and allowed accumulation of more unintegrated viral DNA, thereby suppressing viral replication. Therefore, we suggest that the CTD residues interacting with the target DNA play a significant role in viral DNA integration and replication.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Mutation in FFV IN CTD reduced three representative enzymatic activities <I>in vitro</I>. </LI> <LI> Viruses with a mutation in CTD showed a significant reduction in viral infectivity. </LI> <LI> The mutation at R307 and K340 made viral DNA integration less efficient. </LI> <LI> The mutation at R307 and K340 leaded to accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA. </LI> </UL> </P>

Feedback and tunneling operations of a <i>p</i> ⁺-<i>i</i>-<i>n</i> ⁺ silicon nanowire field-effect transistor

Kim, Yoonjoong,Lim, Doohyeok,Cho, Jinsun,Kim, Sangsig IOP 2018 Nanotechnology Vol.29 No.43

<P>In this paper, we describe the feedback and tunneling operations of a dual top gate field-effect transistor (FET) with a <I>p</I> <SUP>+</SUP>-<I>i</I>-<I>n</I> <SUP>+</SUP> doped silicon nanowire channel. The transistor functions selectively in either a feedback FET (FBFET) or a tunneling FET mode by modulating the source-to-drain voltage, and it features an outstanding subthreshold swing characteristic of 6.15 mV dec<SUP>–1</SUP> with an on/off current ratio (<I>I</I> <SUB>on</SUB>/<I>I</I> <SUB>off</SUB>) of approximately 10<SUP>6</SUP> in the feedback operating mode and of 41.3 mV dec<SUP>–1</SUP> with <I>I</I> <SUB>on</SUB>/<I>I</I> <SUB>off</SUB> of ∼10<SUP>7</SUP> in the tunneling operating mode. Moreover, our device in the FBFET operation mode has memory characteristics with a retention time of 10<SUP>4</SUP> s and a program/erase endurance up to 10<SUP>3</SUP> cycles owing to the positive feedback loop in the channel region. This study demonstrates the promising potential of our devices in the development of multifunctional electronics.</P>