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Javier E. Jiménez-Salazar,Rene M. Rivera-Escobar,Rebeca Damián-Ferrara,Juan Maldonado-Cubas,Catalina Rincón-Pérez,Rosario Tarragó-Castellanos,Pablo Damián-Matsumura 한국유방암학회 2023 Journal of breast cancer Vol.26 No.5
Purpose: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the main event that favors cell migration and metastasis in breast cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that 1 nM estradiol (E2) promotes EMT, induced by c-Src kinase, causing changes in the localization of proteins that compose the tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ). Methods: The present work highlights the central role of c-Src in the initiation of metastasis, induced by E2, through increasing the ability of MCF-7 and T47-D cells, which express estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), to migrate and invade before they become metastatic. Results: Treatment with E2 can activate two signaling pathways, the first one by the phosphorylated c-Src (p-Src) which forms the p-Src/E-cadherin complex. This phenomenon was completely prevented by incubation with a selective inhibitor of c-Src (5 μM PP2). p-Src then promotes the downregulation of E-cadherin and occludin, which are epithelial phenotype marker proteins of the AJ and TJ, respectively. In the second pathway, E2 binds to ERα, creating a complex that translocates to the nucleus, inducing the synthesis of SNAIL1 and N-cadherin proteins, markers of the mesenchymal phenotype. Both processes increased the migratory and invasive capacities of both cell lines. Conclusion: The present study demonstrate that E2 enhance EMT and migration, through c-Src activation, in human breast cancer cells that express ERα and become potential therapeutic targets.
A Key Metabolic Regulator of Bone and Cartilage Health
Elizabeth Pérez-Hernández,Jesús Javier Pastrana-Carballo,Fernando Gómez-Chávez,Ramesh C. Gupta,Nury Pérez-Hernández 대한내분비학회 2022 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.37 No.4
Taurine, a cysteine-derived zwitterionic sulfonic acid, is a common ingredient in energy drinks and is naturally found in fish and other seafood. In humans, taurine is produced mainly in the liver, and it can also be obtained from food. In target tissues, such as the retina, heart, and skeletal muscle, it functions as an essential antioxidant, osmolyte, and antiapoptotic agent. Taurine is also involved in energy metabolism and calcium homeostasis. Taurine plays a considerable role in bone growth and development, and high-profile reports have demonstrated the importance of its metabolism for bone health. However, these reports have not been collated for more than 10 years. Therefore, this review focuses on taurine–bone interactions and covers recently discovered aspects of taurine’s effects on osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, bone structure, and bone pathologies (e.g., osteoporosis and fracture healing), with due attention to the taurine–cartilage relationship.
Rosa Jiménez-Lucena,Antonio Camargo,Juan Francisco Alcalá-Diaz,Cristina Romero-Baldonado,Raúl Miguel Luque,Ben van Ommen,Javier Delgado-Lista,Jose María Ordovás,Pablo Pérez-Martínez,Oriol Alberto Rang 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
We aimed to explore whether changes in circulating levels of miRNAs according to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes status could be used as biomarkers to evaluate the risk of developing the disease. The study included 462 patients without T2DM at baseline from the CORDIOPREV trial. After a median follow-up of 60 months, 107 of the subjects developed T2DM, 30 developed prediabetes, 223 maintained prediabetes and 78 remained disease-free. Plasma levels of four miRNAs related to insulin signaling and beta-cell function were measured by RT-PCR. We analyzed the relationship between miRNAs levels and insulin signaling and release indexes at baseline and after the follow-up period. The risk of developing disease based on tertiles (T1-T2-T3) of baseline miRNAs levels was evaluated by COX analysis. Thus, we observed higher miR-150 and miR-30a-5p and lower miR-15a and miR-375 baseline levels in subjects with T2DM than in disease-free subjects. Patients with high miR-150 and miR-30a-5p baseline levels had lower disposition index (p = 0.047 and p = 0.007, respectively). The higher risk of disease was associated with high levels (T3) of miR-150 and miR-30a-5p (HRT3-T1 = 4.218 and HRT3-T1 = 2.527, respectively) and low levels (T1) of miR-15a and miR- 375 (HRT1-T3 = 3.269 and HRT1-T3 = 1.604, respectively). In conclusion, our study showed that deregulated plasma levels of miR-150, miR-30a-5p, miR-15a, and miR-375 were observed years before the onset of T2DM and pre-DM and could be used to evaluate the risk of developing the disease, which may improve prediction and prevention among individuals at high risk for T2DM.
Prognostic Factors and Decision Tree for Long-Term Survival in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Daniel Lorenzo,María Ochoa,Josep Maria Piulats,Cristina Gutiérrez,Luis Arias,Jaume Català,María Grau,Judith Peñafiel,Estefanía Cobos,Pere Garcia-Bru,Marcos Javier Rubio,Noel Padrón-Pérez,Bruno Dias,Jo 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.4
Purpose The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the existence of a bimodal survival pattern in metastatic uveal melanoma. Secondary aims were to identify the characteristics and prognostic factors associated with long-term survival and to develop a clinical decision tree. Materials and Methods The medical records of 99 metastatic uveal melanoma patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified as either short ( 12 months) or long-term survivors (> 12 months) based on a graphical interpretation of the survival curve after diagnosis of the first metastatic lesion. Ophthalmic and oncological characteristics were assessed in both groups. Results Of the 99 patients, 62 (62.6%) were classified as short-term survivors, and 37 (37.4%) as long-term survivors. The multivariate analysis identified the following predictors of long-term survival: age 65 years (p=0.012) and unaltered serum lactate dehydrogenase levels (p=0.018); additionally, the size (smaller vs. larger) of the largest liver metastasis showed a trend towards significance (p=0.063). Based on the variables significantly associated with long-term survival, we developed a decision tree to facilitate clinical decision-making. Conclusion The findings of this study demonstrate the existence of a bimodal survival pattern in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. The presence of certain clinical characteristics at diagnosis of distant disease is associated with long-term survival. A decision tree was developed to facilitate clinical decision-making and to counsel patients about the expected course of disease.
Investigating deformations of RC beams: experimental and analytical study
Javier Ezeberry Parrotta,Hugo Corres Peiretti,Viktor Gribniak,Alejandro Pérez Caldentey 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2014 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.13 No.6
In this paper, a theoretical and experimental study of the sectional behaviour of reinforced concrete beams subjected to short-term loads is carried out. The pure bending behaviour is analysed with moment-curvature diagrams. Thus, the experimental results obtained from 24 beams tested by the authors and reported in literature are compared with theoretical results obtained from a layered model, which combines the material parameters defined in Model Code 2010 with some of the most recognized tensionstiffening models. Although the tests were carried out for short-term loads, the analysis demonstrates that rheological effects can be important and must be accounted to understand the experimental results. Another important conclusion for the beams tested in this work is that the method proposed by EC-2 tends to underestimate the tension-stiffening effects, leading to inaccuracies in the estimations of deflections. Thus, the actual formulation is analysed and a simple modification is proposed. The idea is the separation of the deflection prediction in two parts: one for short-term loads and other for rheological effects (shrinkage). The results obtained are in fairly good agreement with the experimental results, showing the feasibility of the proposed modification.
Javier Arranz-Andrés,Inmaculada Suárez,Rosario Benavente,Ernesto Pérez 한국고분자학회 2011 Macromolecular Research Vol.19 No.4
Two series of ethylene-propylene copolymers were synthesized in the whole composition range using a metallocene catalyst, one in the homogeneous phase (H copolymers), and the other with the catalyst supported in silica (S copolymers). Some differences were found between the two groups. Therefore, the amount of ethylene needed to obtain a certain proportion of the γ form is lower in the H than in S series. Moreover, the composition to obtain the pseudo hexagonal form is also different for the two groups. On the other hand, degree of crystallinity, crystal sizes and microhardness values display a similar variations with the comonomer content of the two series. Consequently, from a macroscopic point of view, materials with similar macroscopic mechanical properties can be produced using both supported and homogeneous metallocene catalysts despite the structural differences.
Saturated Proportional-integral-type Control of UWMRs with Experimental Evaluations
Javier Moreno-Valenzuela,Luis Gonzalo Montoya-Villegas,Ricardo Pérez-Alcocer,Raúl Rascón 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.1
In this paper, a saturated proportional-integral (PI)-type controller for unicycle-type wheeled mobile robots (UWMRs) is designed. The advantages of the novel controller are the robustness to external disturbances and the ability to keep the control into admissible limits. The desired trajectory should satisfy the so-called virtual reference system and be bounded for all time. Lyapunov’s theory and Barbalat’s lemma are used to prove the convergence of the tracking errors. An analysis of when the system is affected by disturbances is also given. To assess the performance of the proposed controller, an experimental real-time comparison of five schemes, including the proposed one, is presented. All the tested controllers guarantee the motion control goal and can produce saturated control action. A circular reference trajectory for the tracking task is used to perform the comparison. The proposed PI-type controller presents the best trajectory tracking performance, while the generated control action remains bounded.
CCWater − A computer program for chemical classification of geothermal waters
Rodolfo Pérez-Espinosa,Kailasa Pandarinath,Francisco Javier Hernández-Campos 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.4
CCWater is a computer program developed for the application of extensively being used triangular diagrams for chemical classification and for identification of equilibrium conditions of waters. The program for these diagrams were developed as a Microsoft ExcelTM spreadsheet application and compiled using Visual BasicTM 6.0, which has enabled to execute an ExcelTM file from a program created by Visual BasicTM 6.0. The performances of all the four diagrams were validated by applying for the same chemical concentration data of the waters that was used by the original authors of these diagrams. The results obtained from this program were consistent with those of the original authors of these diagrams. As an example, CCWater is applied for chemical characterization of thermal waters from springs and geothermal wells of five geothermal fields of Mexico, in which four are electricity producing fields (Cerro Prieto, CPGF; Las Tres Vírgenes, LTVGF; Los Azufres, LAGF, and Los Humeros, LHGF) and the fifth geothermal field (La Primavera, LPGF) is in exploration stage. Majority of the reservoir temperatures estimated by Na/K geothermometers from geothermal well waters of CPGF, LAGF, LTVGF, and LPGF are within the limits of accepted differences (within ±20%) comparing to the average BHTs of the respective geothermal well. The good performances of the geothermometers in predicting the reservoir temperatures from well waters is expected because the well waters are fully equilibrated and are of Cl type, thus fulfilling the basic requirements. In contrary, though the spring waters of LHGF and LAGF are of HCO3 type (immature) and exhibited no equilibrium conditions, they also predicted reliable reservoir temperatures. This unusual but important observation in the behavior of the spring waters of LHGF and LAGF was made possible to known by chemical classification of these waters in to different groups and estimation of the reservoir temperatures by considering each water type of a geothermal field as a separate group. This application has shown the importance of chemical type of water and the existing chemical equilibrium conditions in successful using these waters in estimation of the reservoir temperatures, and hence the necessity of the computer program like CCWater. The software CCWater is easy to use, reliable, freely available and will be useful in the application of ternary diagrams for chemical characterization and to evaluate the equilibrium conditions of geothermal waters, particularly during the initial stage of geothermal exploration.
Clavulanic Acid Is a Leading Culprit Beta-Lactam in Immediate Allergic Reactions to Penicillins
Torres-Rojas Isabel,Pérez-Alzate Diana,Somoza Maria Luisa,Pfeifer Ana Prieto-Moreno,Diaz Elisa Haroun,Jimenez-Rodriguez Teodorikez W,Sánchez Javier Fernández,Ruano Francisco J,Blanca Miguel,Blanca-Lóp 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.2
Purpose: Clavulanate, a beta-lactam associated with amoxicillin, is frequently prescribed in patients at all ages. Recent data implicate amoxicillin-clavulanate in up to 80% of beta-lactam allergy cases. We assessed clavulanate’s role in inducing allergic reactions to this combination treatment, with a focus on selective immediate reactions. Methods: Adults (≥ 16 years) reporting a history of immediate reactions to amoxicillin-clavulanate were evaluated through a beta-lactam allergological workup, using modified European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guidelines. Patients first underwent skin testing, and if negative, drug provocation tests. Expected outcomes were: Group A, subjects with immediate reaction to classical penicillin group determinants (penicilloyl polylysine, minor determinants mixture, and/or penicillin G); Group B, subjects with selective immediate reaction to amoxicillin; Group C, subjects with selective immediate reaction to clavulanate and Group D, those immediate reactions with co-sensitization to clavulanate plus penicillin group determinants or amoxicillin. Results: Of 1,170 included patients, 104 had immediate reactions: 36.5% to penicillin group determinants (Group A), 26.9% to amoxicillin (Group B), 32.7% to clavulanate (Group C), and 3.8% to clavulanate plus penicillin determinants or amoxicillin (Group D). Diagnosis was made by skin testing in 79%, 75% and 47% of the patients, respectively, in the first 3 groups (P < 0.001). Drug provocation tests were necessary to establish most other diagnoses. Anaphylaxis predominated over urticaria/angioedema in all groups. Conclusions: Selective immediate reactions to clavulanate accounted for over a third of cases with confirmed reactions after amoxicillin-clavulanate intake, with more than half experiencing anaphylaxis. Within this group, skin test sensitivity was below 50%. People taking amoxicillin-clavulanate may also be co-sensitized to both drugs.
Tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in questing ticks, removed from humans and animals in Mexico
Carolina G. Sosa-Gutierrez,Margarita Vargas-Sandoval,Javier Torres,Guadalupe Gordillo-Pérez 대한수의학회 2016 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.17 No.3
Tick-borne rickettsial diseases (TBRD) are commonly encountered in medical and veterinary clinical settings. The control of these diseases is difficult, requiring disruption of a complex transmission chain involving a vertebrate host and ticks. The geographical distribution of the diseases is related to distribution of the vector, which is an indicator of risk for the population. A total of 1,107 ticks were collected by tick dragging from forests, ecotourism parks and hosts at 101 sites in 22 of the 32 states of Mexico. Collected ticks were placed in 1.5 mL cryovials containing 70% ethanol and were identified to species. Ticks were pooled according to location/host of collection, date of collection, sex, and stage of development. A total of 51 ticks were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm species identification using morphological methods. A total of 477 pools of ticks were assayed using PCR techniques for selected tick-borne pathogens. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was the most commonly detected pathogen (45 pools), followed by, Ehrlichia (E.) canis (42), Rickettsia (R.) rickettsii (11), E. chaffeensis (8), and R. amblyommii (1). Rhipicephalus sanguineus was the tick most frequently positive for selected pathogens. Overall, our results indicate that potential tick vectors positive for rickettsial pathogens are distributed throughout the area surveyed in Mexico.