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Jang, Seok-Woo,Kim, Seong-Gil,Choi, Ok-In,Kim, Seong-Soo,Kang, Ju-Chan The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2009 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.12 No.4
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation and elimination were assessed in the tissues of the clam R. philippinarum at four experimental concentrations (control, 10, 20, 100, and $200\;{\mu}g/L$) over an exposure period of 2 weeks and an elimination period of 1 week. Cd accumulated in the digestive gland, gill, and residual clam tissues, and accumulation increased with time of exposure and concentration (100 and $200\;{\mu}g/L$). After 2 weeks of Cd exposure, the order of Cd accumulation in tissues was gill > digestive gland > residual tissues. An inverse relationship was observed between concentration factor (CF) and exposure level, but the CF showed an increase with exposure time. During the depuration period, Cd concentrations in the digestive gland, gill, and residual tissues decreased immediately on the cessation of exposure, except in individuals at the $200\;{\mu}g/L$ concentration. The Cd elimination rate from tissues decreased in the order of digestive gland > gill > residual tissues during the depuration period.
Energy Band Structure and Photocatalytic Property of Fe-doped Zn<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>4</sub> Material
Jang, Jum-Suk,Borse, Pramod H.,Lee, Jae-Sung,Lim, Kwon-Taek,Jung, Ok-Sang,Jeong, Euh-Duck,Bae, Jong-Seong,Won, Mi-Sook,Kim, Hyun-Gyu Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.12
$Zn_2Ti_{1-x}Fe_xO_4\;(0\;{\leq}\;x\;{\leq}\;0.7)$ photocatalysts were synthesized by polymerized complex (PC) method and investigated for its physico-chemical as well as optical properties. $Zn_2Ti_{1-x}Fe_xO_4$ can absorb not only UV light but also visible light region due to doping of Fe in the Ti site of $Zn_2TiO_4$ lattice because of the band transition from Fe 3d to the Fe 3d + Ti3d hybrid orbital. The photocatalytic activity of Fe doped $Zn_2TiO_4$ samples for hydrogen production under UV light irradiation decreased with an increase in Fe concentration in $Zn_2TiO_4$. Consequently, there exists an optimized concentration of iron for improved photocatalytic activity under visible light (${\lambda}{\leq}$420 nm)
Jang, Hyun-Jong,Kim, Ji-Eun,Jeong, Kyoung Hoon,Lim, Sung Chul,Kim, Seong Yun,Cho, Kyung-Ok MDPI AG 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.4
<P><I>Hericium erinaceus</I> (HE), a culinary-medicinal mushroom, has shown therapeutic potential in many brain diseases. However, the role of HE in status epilepticus (SE)-mediated neuronal death and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of HE using a pilocarpine-induced SE model. Male C57BL/6 mice received crude extracts of HE (60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg, or 300 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 d from 14 d before SE to 6 d after SE. At 7 d after SE, cresyl violet and immunohistochemistry of neuronal nuclei revealed improved hippocampal neuronal survival in animals treated with 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg of HE, whereas those treated with 300 mg/kg of HE showed similar neuronal death to that of vehicle-treated controls. While seizure-induced reactive gliosis, assessed by immunohistochemistry, was not altered by HE, the number of hippocampal cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-expressing cells was significantly reduced by 60 and 120 mg/kg of HE. Triple immunohistochemistry demonstrated no overlap of COX2 labeling with Ox42, in addition to a decrease in COX2/GFAP-co-immunoreactivity in the group treated with 60 mg/kg HE, suggesting that the reduction of COX2 by HE promotes neuroprotection after SE. Our findings highlight the potential application of HE for preventing neuronal death after seizures.</P>
Seong-Ok Jang,김하정,Young-Joon Kim,강미진,권지원,서주희,Hyung Young Kim,김병주,유진호,홍수종 대한천식알레르기학회 2012 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.4 No.3
Purpose: Probiotic bacteria can induce immune regulation or immune tolerance in allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms have been recently investigated, but are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lcr35) in a mouse model of asthma and to identify its mechanism of action. Methods: Lcr35 was administered daily by the oral route at a dosage of 1×109CFU/mouse in BALB/c mice for 7 days before the first sensitization. Clinical parameters and regulatory T (Treg) cells were examined. The role of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells was analyzed using a Treg cell-depleting anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Results: Airway hyperresponsiveness,total IgE production, pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation, and splenic lymphocyte proliferation were suppressed after Lcr35 treatment. Th1(IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) cytokines in the serum were suppressed, and the percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells in the spleen was significantly increased in the Lcr35 treatment group. Anti-CD25 mAb administration abolished the protective effects of Lcr35, indicating that CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells are essential in mediating the activity of Lcr35. Conclusions: Oral administration of Lcr35 attenuated the features of allergic asthma in a mouse model and induced immune regulation by a CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cell-mediated mechanism.
Impact of Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
( Seong Hee Kang ),( Gaeun Kim ),( Min Sun Park ),( Yoon Ok Jang ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Soon Koo Baik ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Skeletal muscle wasting, sarcopenia, which is a common syndrome in chronic diseases such as liver cirrhosis, is a key feature of frailty. The association between sarcopenia and outcomes, such as complications and survival has recently been described in various patient groups. However, study results remain inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the impact of sarcopenia on outcome in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: We conducted a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) on the impact of sarcopenia on outcome in liver cirrhosis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Results: Of the 322 studies identified, 20 were eligible according to our inclusion criteria. Most of the studies used CT to diagnose sarcopenia. Two studies used bioelectrical impedance analysis, 10 studies used skeletal muscle index and 8 studies used total psoas muscle area. Seven studies included Asian participants and the remaining 13 studies included Western participants. The prevalence rate of sarcopenia among participants was mean 48.1%, and appeared more among men with a rate of 61.6% whereas the rate was 36% for women. With respect to clinical outcomes, patients with sarcopenia had poorer survival rates and an increased risk of complications such as infection compared to those without sarcopenia. According to the analysis of race subgroup, Asians had a HR 2.45 (95% con fidence interval (CI) =1.44-4.16, p=0.001, I<sup>2</sup> =0%) of mortality whereas Westerners had a HR 1.45 (95% CI=1.002-2.09, p<0.05, I<sup>2</sup> =70%). Conclusions: Based on this SR and MA, the presence of sarcopenia is related to a poor prognosis and occurrence of cirrhotic complications and could be used for risk assessment. Moreover, Asian participants had higher mortality related to sarcopenia compared to the Western participants.
Clinical Implication of Hepatogenous Diabetes in Liver Cirrhosis
( Seong Hee Kang ),( Min Sun Park ),( Yoon Ok Jang ),( Soon Koo Baik ),( Moon Young Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Disorders of glucose metabolism, namely glucose intolerance and hepatogenous diabetes (HD), are frequent in cirrrhosis. HD and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) usually present with normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c level, thus, can be diagnosed by only performing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Therefore, HD and IGT has not been received enough attention and underestimated when FPG levels are taken into account. We aim to determine if an abnormal glucose tolerance has influence on prognosis of patients with cirrhosis. Methods: This prospective observational study included 719 patients with cirrhosis, either compensated or decompensated, who underwent a 75-g OGTT. All patients were divided into 3 groups: group I - patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), group II - patients with IGT (140mg/dL ≤ OGTT < 200mg/dL), group III - patients with newly diagnosed HD (200mg/dL ≤ OGTT). Results: Among 719 patients, NGT was diagnosed in 144 (20.0 %), IGT in 222 (30.9%) and HD in 353 (49.1 %). During median follow-up period of 42.0 months (interquartile range, 21.0-66.0 months), the cumulative survival rates of patients with NGT were 18.1%; IGT, 23.9%; HD, 32.0%. In total patients, HD (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) =1.712, 95% CI=1.112-2.636, P=0.015) was independent predictor of mortality after adjustment for Child-Pugh score and MELD scores. And IGT (aHR=2.226, P=0.028) and HD (aHR=2.582, P=0.006) were associated with variceal bleeding. However, risk of other complication including hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome were not significantly different between three groups. In patients with compensated cirrhosis (n=179, 24.9%), those with IGT (aHR=4.023, P=0.040) and HD (aHR=4.028, P=0.030) showed a worse survival rate than NGT. In contrast, in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (n=540, 75.1%), neither IGT nor HD conferred higher risk for mortality. Conclusions: Abnormal glucose tolerance including IGT and HD is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with cirrhosis, particularly in compensated state.