우관상정맥동에서 기시하는 단일 관상동맥 1예

정현광,김태우,조윤성,김강민,장재훈,이재우,정준훈 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Coronary artery anomalies are found incidentally in approximately 1% of all patients undergoing routine coronary angiography. Of these, an isolated single coronary artery anomaly is the rarest one. Patients with an isolated single coronary anomaly may present with symptoms such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, syncope, sudden death, and congestive heart failure. We report a case of single coronary artery anomaly with the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary artery originating from the right coronary artery.

만성 어깨 통증을 유발한 양측성 탄력섬유종 1예

장재훈,김강민,김태우,정현광,조윤성,서수홍,이충원 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Elastofibroma is a rare, benign, soft-tissue tumor that usually located at the inferior pole of the scapula. It is important to differentiate this tumor from other soft-tissue tumors such as sarcoma, fibromatosis, metastatic tumor, and lipoma. A 57-year-old female who complained of chronic both shoulder pain was admitted to our hospital with bilateral, soft tissue masses located in the subscapular region. Ultrasonography, CT and MRI images showed bilateral inhomogeneous tumors that measured 7×3×6 cm. This was compatible with elastofibroma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Shoulder pain was gone with decreasing size of masses after conservative treatment and avoiding workload to the shoulder. We present this case with a review of literatures.

텔레비전 브라운관 생산업체 남자 근거리 검사작업자에서 시력, 눈물분비기능의 변화

김성아,천병렬,김상우,정상재,이광자 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

목적 : 장기간의 근거리검사작업이 굴절력 및 눈물분비량의 감소를 초래하는지를 관찰하고자 3년간추적 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 구미소재 일개 TV브라운관 제조공작의 미세한 이상여부를 확인하는 검사작업에 종사하는 남자 근로자 396명 중 정시안, 눈물분비기능이 정상, 40세 미만이며 3년간 추적가능했던 65명을 대상으로 하였다. 시력, 색신 검사 외에 자동굴절력검사, 누액분비검사, 안증상, 근무기간, 실제 검사작업을 수행하는 시간, 일상생활중 TV시청 및 VDT사용시간,작업환경에 대한 불편감, 안경착용여부 등에 대한 설문조사를 시행하였다. 이중 누액분비검사는 쉬르머 I검사로써 1996년과 1998년에만 실시되었으며, 시력및 누액분비기능의 변화가 안증상과 관련이 있는지를 보기 위한 설문조사는 1999년에 시행되었다. 결과 : 32개월간의 구면굴절력의 변화량은 좌우안모두 0.18D(diopter)였으며, 년간 변화량은 0.068D/yr로서 근시화되는 방향으로 진행하였다 20개월간의 눈물의 변화량은 좌안이 6.57 mm/s min, 우안이 6.40 mm/5 min만큼 감소하였다. 30세 이하 연령군과 2년 미만 근무군에서 0.5 D 이상 감소한 빈도가 높았으나 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 조명, 소음,공기에 대한 주관적인 상태와 작업시간외 영상화면사용시간에 따른 차이도 없었다 안불편감의 호소율은 52.3 %이었고 굴절력의 변화, 나안시력의 변화, 눈물분비변화량에 따른 차이는 없었다. 연령, 근무기간과도 관계가 없었고, 조명, 공기, 소음에 대한주관적인 상태에 따른 차이도 없었으나 작업시간외영상화면사용시간이 4시간 이상에서 4시간 미만에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 구면굴절력, 나안시력 및 눈물분비 변화량, 20개월 후의 눈물분비상태, 나이,근무기간, 불량한 조명, 일상생활중 VDT 혹은 TV시청을 독립변수로 하고 안불편감여부를 종속변수로하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 유의한 변수는 작업시간외 영상화면의 사용시간으로 4시간 이상인 군이 4시간 미만인 군이 비해 비차비가 10.5(95% 신뢰구간 1. S~73.9)이었다. 결론 : 근거리 검사작업자에서 굴절력 및 눈물분비의 저하가 관찰되었으며, 그 방향은 근시화 및 건성안의 진행방향이었으나, 눈물분비의 저하는 유의한 정도는 아니었고, 근거리검사작업으로 인한 부가적인 근시화의 영향은 관찰되지 않았다. 근거리작업자의 안건강관리측면에서 시력뿐만 아니라, 눈물분비기능, 눈물층의 상태 등을 포함한 안건강프로그램이 필요하다. Objectives : The aim of this field-based longitudinal study was to investigate the effects of near-work on lacrimation and visual function, particularly refractive power. Methods : Our study tracked sixty five male workers for about three years by means of ophthalmologic examinations and questionnaires, to collect data including eye symptoms and subjective work environmental factors. Ophthalmic examinations included visual acuity, Shirmer I test, and autorefractometry. In the first year, the inclusion criteria were ages less than 40 years, no history of ophthalmic diseases, emmetropia (-1.0 ≤spherical refractive power〈 1.0) and normal lacrimation. Results : Over a period of 32 months, spherical equivalents were decreased as much as 0.18D (diopter) for LE(left eye) and 0.18D for RE (right eye). Lacrimation by Shirmer's I test during 20 months were decreased as much as 6.57 mm/5min for LE, and 6.40 mm/5min for RE. Although more myopic-changed workers demonstrated young age (〈30 years) and short work duration (〈2 years), there was no significance to this correlation. Additionally, subjective work environmental factors such as poor illumination, noise, uncomfortable air and daily use of VDT and/or TV were shown to have no significant effect. However, as for eye discomfort, which was reconstructed from several dry eye symptoms, the daily use of VBT and/or TV was a significant variable. According to a logistic regression analysis concerning the effects of refractive power, lacrimation, work duration, poor illumination, and daily use of VDT and/or TV on eye discomfort, only daily use of VDT and/or TV greater than 4 hours displayed OR of 10.5. Conclusions : Myopic changes due to near work were not observed, however lacrimal function was changed in workers. These results suggest that we should consider various factors such as lacrimation, tear film and refraction as well as visual acuity in order to establish an eye care program among near-work performing employees.

Acid-induced COX-2 Expression and Prostaglandin E_2 Production via Activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in Cultured Feline Esophageal Smooth Muscle Cells

Jae Gwang Woo,Uy Dong Sohn,Sun Young Park,Jae Chun Lim,Min-Jae Joo,김학림 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.12

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is known to play an important role in inflammatory conditions such as reflux esophagitis resulting from acid reflux. In this study, we tested whether an acidic medium (pH 4.0) induces an increase in COX-2 expression or PGE_2 production, and explored the implication of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation in these responses in cultured cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. Acidic cytotoxicity was assessed and expression changes in COXs or phosphorylated MAPKs were analyzed by Western blotting. PGE2 production was measured by immunoassay. No significant decrease in cell viability was observed for 6 h exposure to acidic medium. COX-2 expression and PGE_2 production significantly increased to maximal levels at 6 h exposure to acidic medium. The cells also exhibited significant activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, but not JNK within 10 min under acidic medium. The increments of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production by acidic medium were decreased by pretreatment with PD98059 or SB202190, respectively. These results suggest that acidic environments may enhance the COX-2 expression and PGE_2 production through activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in the cultured cat esophageal smooth muscle cells.

The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers

Jae-Gwang Lee,Guang Hwi Kim,Sung Won Jung,Sang Woo Kim,June-Hee Lee,Kyung-Jae Lee 대한직업환경의학회 2019 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-

Background: It has been reported that long working hours are hazardous to the workers’ health. Especially, workrelated musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been considered as one of the significant health issues in workplace. The objective of this study was to identify the association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms. Methods: The analysis was conducted using data from the Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). Subjects of this study were 24,783 wage workers and divided into three groups according to the weekly working hours, which were ≤ 40, 41–52 and > 52 h. The relationship between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method after adjusting for general, occupational characteristics including specific working motions or postures and psychosocial factors. Results: Approximately 18.4% of subjects worked more than 52 h per week and 26.4 and 16.4% of male subjects and 33. 0 and 23.4% of female subjects experienced work-related upper and lower limb pains, respectively, over the last 12 months. Moreover, the prevalence of upper and lower limb pain was increased in both genders as the weekly working hours increased. The odds ratios (ORs) of upper limb pain for those working 41–52 h and more than 52 h per week when adjusted for general, occupational characteristics including specific motions or postures and psychosocial factors were 1. 36 and 1.40 for male workers and 1.26 and 1.66 for female workers compared to the reference group, respectively. Furthermore, ORs of lower limb pain for the same weekly working hour groups were 1.26 and 1.47 for male workers and 1.20 and 1.47 for female workers, respectively. Conclusions: Long working hours were significantly related to work-related musculoskeletal symptoms in Korean wage workers and appropriate interventions should be implemented to reduce long working hours that can negatively affect workers’ health.

Syk Plays a Critical Role in the Expression and Activation of IRAK1 in LPS-Treated Macrophages

Park, Jae Gwang,Son, Young-Jin,Yoo, Byong Chul,Yang, Woo Seok,Kim, Ji Hye,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Cho, Jae Youl Hindawi 2017 MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION Vol.2017 No.-

<P>To address how interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is controlled by other enzymes activated by toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, we investigated the possibility that spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a protein tyrosine kinase that is activated at an earlier stage during TLR4 activation, plays a central role in regulating the functional activation of IRAK1. Indeed, we found that overexpression of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), an adaptor molecule that drives TLR signaling, induced IRAK1 expression and that piceatannol, a Syk inhibitor, successfully suppressed the MyD88-dependent upregulation of IRAK1 under LPS treatment conditions. Interestingly, in Syk-knockout RAW264.7 cells, IRAK1 activity was almost completely blocked after LPS treatment, while providing a Syk-recovery gene to the knockout cells successfully restored IRAK1 expression. According to our measurements of IRAK1 mRNA levels, the transcriptional upregulation of IRAK1 was induced by LPS treatment between 4 and 60 min, and this can be suppressed in Syk knockout cells, providing an effect similar that that seen under piceatannol treatment. The overexpression of Syk reverses this effect and leads to a significantly higher IRAK1 mRNA level. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that Syk plays a critical role in regulating both the activity and transcriptional level of IRAK1.</P>

전력경쟁시대 대응 전기기본공급약관 개선연구

오재신(Jae-Shin Oh),이종우(Jong-Woo Lee),이광직(Gwang-Jik Lee),김기호(Gi-ho Kim),이재우(Jae-Woo Lee) 대한전기학회 2009 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.7

현행 약관은 '89년도 약관제정이후 수십 차례 부분개정만이 이루어져 문맥정비, 고객이 이해하기 쉽도록 용어순화, 의미 명확화, 약관의 불공정성 및 불합리한 규정을 개선할 필요가 있는바, 민법, 약관 규제법 등 관련 법률에 기초한 공정하고, 고객과의 권리의무관계 및 법률관계가 명확한 약관을 만들고자, 용어와 표현을 통일 및 변경하였으며, 장 · 절 및 조문 표제의 변경, 조문과 약관의 체계화 및 전기실무의 반영과 개선을 하였다. 그리고 개정사항중 쟁점사항에 대한 검토를 심도있게 하였으며, 약관을 주제별로 구분?통합 및 체계화를 하였다. 이는 향후 전기공급약관의 개정 기초 자료로 활용할 예정이다.

The exposure level of environmental harmful substances related to the secondhand smoke in Korean non-smoker adults: data from the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS 2012-2014): a cross-sectional study

Sang Woo Kim,Sung Won Jung,Jae-Gwang Lee,Jae Han Joo,June-Hee Lee,Kyung-Jae Lee 대한직업환경의학회 2019 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.31 No.-

Background: We aimed to find the exposure level of environmental harmful substances related to the secondhand smoke (SHS) using a nationally representative data of the general population in Korea. Methods: Total 3,533 people were included in this study. We compared the proportion exceeding 95 percentile of the concentrations of harmful substances by sex according to SHS exposure. 16 kinds of substances related to tobacco smoke were analyzed including heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, and environmental phenol. For 16 kinds of substances, the odds ratios (ORs) for exceeding 95 percentile of each harmful substance were calculated by multiple logistic regression according to SHS exposure. Age, education level, marital status, body mass index, drinking, and exercise were adjusted as covariates. Cotinine level was additionally adjusted to increase reliability of our results. Results: SHS was associated with high exposure of mercury, methylhippuric acid, fluorene, and cotinine. In women, SHS was associated with mercury, methylhippuric acid, fluorene, and cotinine, while in men, it was associated with cotinine. After adjusting covariates, ORs of blood mercury, methylhippuric acid and hydroxyfluorene in the exposed gruop were greater than that in the non-exposed group. Especially in female, methylhippuric acid and hydroxyfluorene showed consistent result. Conclusions: Our finding demonstrates that SHS is related to several harmful substances. Therefore, to reduce the health effects of SHS, it is necessary to educate and publicize the risk of SHS. Future studies are necessary to more accurately analyze factors such as exposure frequency, time, and pathway of SHS.

The Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Barrett’s Esophagus in a Korean Population: A Nationwide Multicenter Prospective Study

Park, Jong-Jae,Kim, Jae Woo,Kim, Hyun Jin,Chung, Moon Gi,Park, Seon Mee,Baik, Gwang Ho,Nah, Byung Kyu,Nam, Su Youn,Seo, Kang Seok,Ko, Byung Sung,Jang, Jae-Young,Kim, Byeong Gwan,Kim, Ji Won,Choi, Youn Lippincott WilliamsWilkins, Inc. 2009 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.43 No.10

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) in the general Korean population by evaluating screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy. In addition, the risk factors for BE were identified. METHOD: An esophagogastroduodenoscopy examination was performed in 25,536 subjects who had upper endoscopy screening from January 2006 to July 2006. RESULTS: Two hundred and fifteen subjects were confirmed to have BE by pathology, thus the prevalence of BE was calculated to be 0.84%. The endoscopic findings were subdivided into 2 groups: BE without reflux esophagitis (RE), which included 167 (77.7%), and BE with RE, which included 48 (22.3%). The analysis of symptoms showed that only 60.1% of the subjects with BE had reflux symptoms. Chest pain [odds ratio (OR): 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-2.11] and epigastric soreness (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.05-1.93) were found more frequently in the subjects with BE compared with the normal subjects. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for all subjects with BE were a male sex (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.32-2.50), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.28-3.20), hiatal hernia (OR: 5.66, 95% CI: 3.70-8.66), and an age ≥60 compared with an age <40 (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.07-3.09). There was no significant difference associated with RE. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of BE in Korean patients presenting for a routine health check-up was 0.84%, lower than reported in Western countries. Among the subjects with BE 77.7% did not have endoscopic erosions and there were no reflux symptoms in 39.9%. These results suggest that regular endoscopic screening with a high index of suspicion is necessary for the diagnosis of BE.

Changing prevalence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 28 893 Koreans from 1995 to 2005

Kim, Jin Il,Kim, Sang Gyun,Kim, Nayoung,Kim, Jae Gyu,Shin, Sung Jae,Kim, Sang Woo,Kim, Hyun Soo,Sung, Jae Kyu,Yang, Chang Heon,Shim, Ki-Nam,Park, Seun Ja,Park, Joon Yong,Baik, Gwang Ho,Lee, Sang Woo,P Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Vol.21 No.7

OBJECTIVES: Changes in the pattern of gastrointestinal diseases in a population tend to be influenced by changes in diet and lifestyle. Shifts in gastrointestinal disease from 1995 to 2005 in Korea were evaluated, retrospectively. METHODS: Seventeen nationwide medical centers participated in this study. The cross-sectional review of endoscopic findings in 28 893 patients included 8441 patients from 1995, 10 350 patients from 2000, and 10 102 patients from 2005. RESULTS: The prevalence of reflux esophagitis increased from 1.8% in 1995 to 5.9% in 2000 and 9.1% in 2005 (P<0.001, the P value was only for the comparison between 1995 and 2005, the followings were as same). The prevalence of peptic ulcer diseases was 18.0% in 1995, 19.1% in 2000, and 20.2% in 2005 (P<0.001). Although no significant differences were noted in duodenal ulcers (8.4, 8.7, and 8.2%, P=0.449), gastric ulcers showed an increasing trend (9.6, 10.5, and 12.0%, P<0.001). The prevalence of gastric cancer increased from 3.4% in 1995 to 4.5% in 2000 (P<0.001), but then decreased to 2.4% in 2005 (P<0.001). The incidence of advanced gastric cancer was 2.5, 3.2, and 1.3%, respectively (P<0.001), and that of early gastric cancer remained constant with rates of 0.8%, 1.3, and 1.1%, respectively (P=0.056). CONCLUSION: The cross-sectional review of data collected in 1995, 2000, and 2005 showed an increase in reflux esophagitis and peptic ulcer diseases. Meanwhile, the prevalence of gastric cancer increased until 2000, but decreased in 2005.