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Irfan Waris Muhammad,Muhammad Kaleem Ullah Rana,Wang Man-Qun 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.3
The insect olfactory system is sensitive to the complicated chemical environment. Insect’s chemosensory proteins (CSPs) supposedly act as transport of plant volatiles across the sensillar lymph and competitive fluorescent binding assay was commonly used to test the binding affinities with various plant volatiles. However, extensive research to determine the physiological role of CSPs is necessary and helpful through binding interaction of a protein with the plant volatiles. In this comparative study, we employed phylogenetic analysis, fluorescence spectra, quenching mode, and thermodynamic force to characterize Nilaparvata lugens CSP3 (NlugCSP3). The phylogenetic tree revealed that amino acid sequence of NlugCSP3 showed extremely close similarities with Laodelphax striatella (LstrCSP10 & LstrCSP11) and Sogatella furcifera (SurCSP3). The Stern-Volmer (SV) curve of NlugCSP3 fluorescence quenching indicated that nonadecane and 2-tridecanone clearly quenched NlugCSP3 fluorescence as a stable static quenching mode. Meanwhile, α-terpinene and farnesene collided with NlugCSP3, instead of forming stable complexes. The thermodynamic analysis of NlugCSP3 revealed that spontaneous binding interaction occurred in nonadecane and 2-tridecanone and is driven primarily by hydrophobic in teractions. This study not only provides the information about the binding interaction of protein with the vol atiles, but also improves the efficient recognition of behaviorally elicited volatiles that could be used in the management of brown planthopper.
Irfan Qamruddin,Mohammad Khursheed Alam,Habiba Abdullah,Muhammad Abdullah Kamran,Nausheen Jawaid,Verda Mahroof 대한치과교정학회 2018 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.48 No.2
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic effect of a single application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on spontaneous pain and pain on chewing after placement of initial archwires. Methods: Forty-two patients (26 women, 16 men) were randomly recruited for this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Each patient received super-elastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) initial archwires (0.012, 0.014, 0.016, and 0.018-inch [in]) in the maxilla for leveling and alignment for an interval of 4 weeks between archwires. One side of the mouth was randomly designated as experimental, while the other side served as placebo. After insertion of each archwire, the experimental side was irradiated with a diode laser for 3 seconds each on 5 points facially and palatally per tooth, from the central incisor to first molar. On the placebo side, the laser device was held the same way but without laser application. A numerical rating scale was used to assess the intensity of spontaneous and masticatory pain for the following 7 days. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare pain scores between sides. Results: Patients in the LLLT group exhibited significantly lower mean scores for spontaneous pain after insertion of the initial two archwires (0.012-in and 0.014-in NiTi; p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference for 0.016-in and 0.018-in wires between the LLLT and placebo groups. LLLT significantly reduced chewing pain scores (p < 0.05) for all archwires. Conclusions: A single dose of LLLT considerably lessened postoperative pain accompanying the placement of super-elastic NiTi wires for initial alignment and leveling.
Irfan, Muhammad,Kwon, Tae-Hyung,Yun, Bong-Sik,Park, Nyun-Ho,Rhee, Man Hee Elsevier 2018 Phytomedicine Vol.40 No.-
<P>Conclusion: E. bicyclis inhibits agonist-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation through modulation of the P2Y12 receptor downstream signaling pathway, suggesting its therapeutic potential in ethnomedicinal applications as an anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic compound to prevent cardiovascular diseases.</P>
The 4Cs Framework as an Alternative to the Traditional 7Cs for Effective Communication
Irfan Amir 한국경영커뮤니케이션학회 2023 Business Communication Research and Practice Vol.6 No.2
This article reexamines the conventional 7Cs framework for effective communication (Broom & Sha, 2013). An alternative 4Cs framework is advocated. The 7Cs include: completeness, correctness, clarity, conciseness, concreteness, consideration, and courteousness. The proposed 4Cs framework retains two of the Cs in the conventional 7Cs framework (namely, concreteness and consideration) and adds two attributes (context and creativity). Concreteness subsumes completeness, correctness, clarity, and conciseness; consideration subsumes courtesy. It does not seem possible for a piece of communication to be concrete, yet lack in completeness, correctness, clarity, and conciseness. Similarly, any communication that reflects consideration is also courteous. It is further argued that of the proposed 4Cs, the context is the most critical element. It is the central theme or purpose around which the message is composed. See Figure 1. Each of the proposed four elements of effective communication is explained with examples.
Integrated Tracking and Accident Avoidance System for Mobile Robots
Irfan Ullah,Furqan Ullah,Qurban Ullah,신서용 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2013 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.11 No.6
In the intelligent transportation field, various accident avoidance techniques have been applied. One of the most common issues with these is the collision, which remains an unsolved problem. To this end, we developed a Collision Warning and Avoidance System (CWAS), which was implemented in the wheeled mobile robot. Path planning is crucial for a mobile robot to perform a given task correctly. Here, a tracking system for mobile robots that follow an object is presented. Thus, we implemented an integrated tracking system and CWAS in a mobile robot. Both systems can be activated independently. Using the CWAS, the robot is controlled through a remotely controlled device, and collision warning and avoidance functions are performed. Using the tracking system, the robot performs tasks autonomously and maintains a constant distance from the followed object. Information on the surroundings is obtained through range sensors, and the control functions are performed through the microcontroller. The front, left, and right sensors are activated to track the object, and all the sensors are used for the CWAS. The proposed system was tested using the binary logic controller and the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The efficiency of the robot was improved by increasing the smoothness of motion via the FLC, achieving accuracy in tracking and increasing the safety of the CWAS. Finally, simulations and experimental outcomes have shown the usefulness of the system.
Irfan Yulianto,Heidi Retnoningtyas,Dwi Putra Yuwandana,Intan Destianis Hartati,Siska Agustina,Mohamad Natsir,Mochammad Riyanto,Toni Ruchimat,Soraya Gigentika,Rian Prasetia,Budy Wiryawan 한국수산과학회 2023 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.26 No.10
Harvest control rules have been recently developed for some fisheries in Indonesia, including grouper fisheries, and are expected to reverse the trend of declining stocks. One of the proposed options of the harvest control rules is to implement the catch size limit. The catch size limit approach, however, is challenging, unless it is supported also with strong fisheries surveillance, law enforcement, and innovation. The catch size limit approach can be done by implementing changes in fishing methods and gear, including the application of different hook sizes in the hook and line fishing gear. This study examines the impact of different hook sizes on the length at first capture (Lc) and on the bell-shaped maximum selectivity using various selectivity models of the two targeted grouper species (Plectropomus leopardus and Plectropomus maculatus) in the Saleh bay, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. We found that increasing hook size influences the grouper’s catch size, increasing the Lc and the bell-shaped maximum selectivity of both species. Based on our findings, hook size can be used as one of the practical tools for grouper management measures, as part of harvest control rules to improve grouper stock in Indonesia.