경직성 양측마비에서의 양측 대퇴골 감염 절골술

정진엽(Chin Youb Chung),박문석(Moon Seok Park),송병욱(Byung Wook Song),최인호(In Ho Choi),조태준(Tae Joon Cho),유원준(Won Joon Yoo) 대한정형외과학회 2007 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.42 No.6

목적: 경직성 양측 마비의 보행 장애에 대해 양측 대퇴골 감염 절골술을 포함한 단단계 다부위 수술의 결과를 분석하고 동시에 시행된 다른 수술의 효과를 통제한 상태에서 대퇴골 감염 절골술의 효과를 분석한다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 1997년 4월부터 2005년 4월까지 경직성 양측 마비로 수술 받은 환아 중 대퇴 전염각 증가로 인한 양측 내족지 보행, 양측 슬관절 강직 보행, 양측 첨족 보행의 양상을 보여 양측 전자간 대퇴골 감염 절골술, 원위 슬괵근 유리술, 대퇴 직근 이전술 및 아킬레스건 연장술을 시행한 26명 52하지를 대상으로 하였다. 남아가 16명, 여아가 10명이었으며 평균 연령은 7.6세였다. 이학적 검사, 3차원 보행분석, 기능평가 설문을 시행하여 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 대퇴 전염각, 고관절 굴곡구축, 슬와각이 유의하게 감소하였으며 족근관절의 족배 굴곡이 증가하였다. 3차원 보행 분석에서 분속수는 변화가 없었으나 보행속도는 유의하게 증가하였다. 횡단면에서 평균 골반 회전은 차이가 없었으며 족부 진행각은 유의하게 향상되었다. 기능 평가 설문에서 보행 능력은 중앙치가 7단계에서 9단계로 유의하게 향상되었다. 결론: 경직성 양측 마비의 보행 양상 중 대퇴전염각 증가로 인한 양측 내족지 보행, 슬관절 강직 보행, 첨족 보행의 양상을 보이는 경우 대퇴골 감염 절골술을 포함한 다부위 수술 후 환자의 보행능력이 향상되었다. Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of multilevel surgery including femoral derotational osteotomy, and analyze the effect of bilateral femoral derotational osteotomy on the gait of spastic diplegia. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 26 spastic diplegics, who had undergone a bilateral intertrochanteric femoral derotational osteotomy, bilateral distal hamstring lengthening, bilateral rectus femoris transfer, and bilateral heel cord lengthening, were evaluated. There were 16 boys and 10 girls with a mean age of 7.6 years. The pre-and post-operative gait analysis, functional assessment score, and physical examination were archived and analyzed. Results: In the physical examination, the femoral anteversion, hip flexion contracture, and popliteal angle decreased significantly, while the ankle range of dorsiflexion increased significantly. In three dimensional gait analysis, the cadence remained constant while the walking speed improved significantly. In transverse plane kinematics, the mean pelvic rotation did not show any difference but foot progression angle fell into the normal range after surgery. In the sagittal plane, the maximal hip extension and H3 power generation improved significantly, while the mean anterior pelvic tilt decreased significantly. The functional assessment score improved from 7 to 9, which was significant. Conclusion: The walking ability of spastic diplegia with in-toeing, stiff knee and tip toeing gait improved after single stage multilevel surgery including a femoral derotational osteotomy. Femoral derotation osteotomy without psoas lengthening improved the anterior pelvic tilt despite the distal hamstring lengthening

The Possible Preventative Role of Lactate- and Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in Colorectal Carcinogenesis

( Chin-hee Song ),( Nayoung Kim ),( Ryoung Hee Nam ),( Soo In Choi ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Eun Hye Kim ),( Jina Choi ),( Yonghoon Choi ),( Hyuk Yoon ),( Sun Min Lee ),( Yeong-jae Seok ) 대한소화기학회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.4

Background/Aims: The gut microbiome has emerged as a key player that mechanistically links various risk factors to colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. However, the role of the gut microbiome in CRC pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with colorectal adenoma (AD) and CRC in subgroups based on sex and age. Methods: Study participants who visited the hospital for surveillance of CRC or gastrointestinal symptoms were prospectively enrolled, and the gut microbiome was analyzed based on fecal samples. Results: In terms of HC-AD-CRC sequence, commensal bacteria, including lactate-producing (Streptococcus salivarius) and butyrate-producing (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerostipes hadrus, and Eubacterium hallii) bacteria, were more abundant in the HC group than in the AD and CRC groups. In the sex comparison, the female HC group had more lactate-producing bacteria (Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Lactobacillus ruminis) than the male HC group. In age comparison, younger subjects had more butyrate-producing bacteria (Agathobaculum butyriciproducens and Blautia faecis) than the older subjects in the HC group. Interestingly, lactate-producing bacteria (B. catenulatum) were more abundant in females than males among younger HC group subjects. However, these sex- and age-dependent differences were not observed in the AD and CRC groups. Conclusions: The gut microbiome, specifically lactate- and butyrate-producing bacteria, which were found to be abundant in the HC group, may play a role in preventing the progression of CRC. In particular, lactate-producing bacteria, which were found to be less abundant in healthy male controls may contribute to the higher incidence of CRC in males. (Gut Liver 2024;18:654-666)

Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 Knockout Suppresses the Development of Aggressive Colorectal Cancer Formation Induced by Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treatment in Female Mice

Chin-Hee Song,Na Young Kim,Ryoung Hee Nam,Soo In Choi,Changhee Kang,Jaeyoung Jang,Heewon Nho,신은,이하나 대한암예방학회 2021 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.26 No.1

Colon tumors develop more frequently in male than in female. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays differential roles in the stage of tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Nrf2 on colitis-associated tumorigenesis using Nrf2 knockout (KO) female mice. Azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated wild-type (WT) and Nrf2 KO female mice were sacrificed at week 2 and 16 after AOM injection. Severity of colitis, tumor incidence, and levels of inflammatory mediators were evaluated in AOM/DSS-treated WT and Nrf2 KO mice. Furthermore, qRT-PCR, Western blot abnalysis, and ELISA were performed in colon tissues. At week 2, AOM/DSS-induced colon tissue damages were significantly greater in Nrf2 KO than in WT mice. At week 16, tumor numbers (> 2 mm size) were significantly lower in both the proximal and distal colon in Nrf2 KO compared to WT. The overall incidences of adenoma/cancer of the proximal colon and submucosal invasive cancer of the distal colon were reduced by Nrf2 KO. The mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-κB-related mediators (i.e., iNOS and COX-2) and Nrf2-related antioxidants (i.e., heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit) were significantly lower in the Nrf2 KO than in WT mice. Interestingly, the protein level of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) was higher in AOM/DSS-treated Nrf2 KO than in WT mice. Our results support the oncogenic effect of Nrf2 in the later stage of carcinogenesis and upregulation of tumor suppressor 15-PGDH might contribute to the repression of colitis-associated tumorigenesis in Nrf2 KO female mice. Key Words Col

Effects of 17β-estradiol on colorectal cancer development after azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium treatment of ovariectomized mice

Song, Chin-Hee,Kim, Nayoung,Lee, Sun Min,Nam, Ryoung Hee,Choi, Soo In,Kang, So Ra,Shin, Eun,Lee, Dong Ho,Lee, Ha-Na,Surh, Young-Joon Elsevier 2019 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.164 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Estrogen is known to have a protective effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Previously, we reported the anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated male mice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ovariectomy in a female AOM/DSS mouse model increases colorectal tumorigenesis and whether tumorigenesis is reduced by estrogen supplementation after ovariectomy. Clinical symptoms and histological severity of colitis and the levels of inflammatory mediators were evaluated in the colon of AOM/DSS-treated ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The levels of E2, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and NF-κB-dependent cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) were measured by ELISA. Furthermore, quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR and Western blot analysis were performed. Ovariectomy did not aggravate AOM/DSS-induced colitis at 2 weeks. At weeks 10 and 16, ovariectomy significantly increased tumor number and incidence rate in only the proximal colon after AOM/DSS treatment (F_AOM/DSS vs OVX_AOM/DSS), and these increases were significantly reduced by E2 supplementation (OVX_AOM/DSS vs OVX_AOM/DSS/E2). However, ovariectomy did not affect CRC development in the distal colon (F_AOM/DSS vs OVX_AOM/DSS). At week 2, E2 administration to AOM/DSS-treated OVX mice attenuated the histological severity of colitis by decreasing the protein and/or mRNA levels of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and NF-κB-related mediators (i.e., COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6) and by enhancing estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and nuclear Nrf2 protein expression and the mRNA expression of related antioxidant enzyme genes (i.e., HO-1, GCLC, GCLM, and NQO1). Endogenous estrogen in females protects against the development of proximal colon cancer, and exogenous E2 replacement in OVX female mice showed protective effects against AOM/DSS-induced colitis and carcinogenesis. The mechanism could involve modulating ERs-, NF-κB- and Nrf2-mediated pathways.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

췌관협착을 동반한 만성 췌장염에서 췌관 스텐트 배액술의 임상적 효과

노임환,진영주,송일한,임창영,김정원,김정택 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

궤양성 대장염 환자에서 치료 경과에 따른 대장점막에서의 CXC와 CC Chemokine 유전자의 발현양상

송인성,정현채,이경미,장동경,정운태,진영주,김점룡 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Background/Aims: Cytokines play an important role in the recruitment of neutrophil and monocyte. Expression of mRNA for chemokines such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chernoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are known to be increased in the colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis. However, profiles of other recently defined chemokines such as epithelial cell-derived neutrophilactivating peptide-78 (ENA-78) and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted) remain to be extensive]y studied. Methods: Total tissue RNA was extracted from colonoscopic biopsies from normal controls (NC, n=10) and patients with active ulcerative colitis (n=17)[from lesion (UCal, n=17) and normal looking mucosa (UCan, n=14)areas] and remissioned ulcerative colitis (n=17)[from lesion (UCrl, n=17) and normal looking mucosa (UCrn, n=12) areas]. The chemokines for the present study were IL-8, MCP-1, ENA-78 and RANTES. Detection of chemokine gene expression was performed by reverse transcriptional PCR. Results: The expression of IL-8 mRNA was increased in UCal than in others (UCan, UCrl, UCrn and NC, p$lt;0.05). The expressions of ENA-78 mRNA were significantly increased in all these 4 groups (UCal, UCrl, UCan and UCrn) than NC (p$lt;0.001) The expression of MCP-1 mRNA was significant]y increased in both UCal and UCrl than its normal looking mucosa respectively and NC (p$lt;0.05). The high expression of RANTES mRNA was noted in all groups (NC, UCal, UCan, UCrl, UCrn)(82%-100%), but there was no statistical significance arnong them. Conclusions: These results suggest that the role of IL-8 confines to only acute inflammed lesion, MCP-1 and ENA-78 play an important role in both acute and remissioned inflammed areas, but the area of expression of ENA-78 was broader than MCP-1. RANTES seems to play an important role in the basic immune system.

Changes in Cecal Microbiota and Short-chain Fatty Acid During Lifespan of the Rat

( Soo In Choi ),( Joo Hee Son ),( Nayoung Kim ),( Yong Sung Kim ),( Ryoung Hee Nam ),( Ji Hyun Park ),( Chin-hee Song ),( Jeong Eun Yu ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Kichul Yoon ),( Huitae Min ),( Yeon-ran Kim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.1

Background/Aims The gut microbiota regulates intestinal immune homeostasis through host-microbiota interactions. Multiple factors affect the gut microbiota, including age, sex, diet, and use of drugs. In addition, information on gut microbiota differs depending on the samples. The aim of this study is to investigate whether changes in cecal microbiota depend on aging. Methods Gut microbiota in cecal contents of 6-, 31-, and 74-week-old and 2-year-old male Fischer-344 rats (corresponding to 5-, 30-, 60-, and 80-year-old humans in terms of age) were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenome sequencing and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology. Moreover, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level in cecum and inflammation related factors were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Alpha and beta diversity did not change significantly with age. At the family level, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which produce SCFAs, showed significant change in 31-week-old rats: Lachnospiraceae significantly increased at 31 weeks of age, compared to other age groups, while Ruminococcaceae decreased. Butyrate levels in cecum were significantly increased in 31-week-old rats, and the expression of inflammation related genes was increased followed aging. Especially, EU622775_s and EU622773_s, which were highly abundance species in 31-week-old rats, showed significant relationship with butyrate concentration. Enzymes required for producing butyrate―acetyl-CoA transferase, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and butyrate kinase―were not predicted by PICRUSt. Conclusions Major bacterial taxa in the cecal lumen, such as Lachnospiraceae, well-known SCFAs-producing family, changed in 31-week-old rats. Moreover, unknown species EU622775_s and EU622773_s showed strong association with cecal butyrate level at 31 weeks of age. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:134-146)

문맥압항진증에 의한 식도정맥류와 울혈성 위병변에서 Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase mRNA 발현양상

송일한,최정,진영주,임창영,김정원,노임환 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

Rat Intestinal Acetic Acid and Butyric acid and Effects of Age, Sex, and High-fat Diet on the Intestinal Levels in Rats

Choi, Soo In,Kim, Nayoung,Lee, Sun Min,Nam, Ryoung Hee,Kang, So Ra,Song, Chin-Hee,Park, Young-Tae,Min, Huitae,Kim, Yeon-Ran,Seok, Yeong-Jae Korean Society of Cancer Prevention 2019 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.24 No.1

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>High-fat diet is known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of various metabolic disorders related to an inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of high-fat diet for intestinal acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations which are related to inflammation-associated colon cancer risk.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Both male and female rats of 6, 31, 74 and 104-week of age were fed chow diet or high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly during the feeding period. Intestinal acetic acid and butyric acid levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography from luminal contents of ileum and cecum.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Male rats showed greater weight change than female rats in every age. Calorie-adjusted food intake was also higher in male rats compared to female rats. Male rats showed similar intake of food in every age while 31-week old female rats showed increased intake, which was decreased at 74-week and 104-week of age. The ileal acetic acid concentration was increased in male rats fed high-fat diet, while female rats fed high-fat diet showed no significant change in the ileal acetic acid level. On the other hand, butyric acid almost disappeared in high-fat diet fed rats regardless of sex.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>High-fat diet increases the intestinal acetic acid concentration while reducing the butyric acid concentration which may account for increased risk of inflammation-associated colon cancer.</P>

한국에서 분리된 Helicobacter pylori 균주에서의 병리 인자 분포 및 이에 대한 숙주 방어 기전의 분자생물학적 연구

김정목(Jung Mogg Kim),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),이주영(Joo Young Lee),이경미(Kyung Mee Lee),진영주(Young Joo Chin),김영전(Young Jeon Kim),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Objectives: CagA or cytotoxin-positive H. pylori may be associated with gastroduodenal diseases. However, controversies about this association also exist. Moreover, there could be geographic differences in the prevalence of virulence factors such as cagA or cytotoxin. In H. pylori infection, the gastric mucosa shows acute and chronic inflammation. However, the pathogenesis of such as an inflammation by H. pylori is not well elucidated. We performed this study 1) to determine prevalence of the genes of virulence factor such as cagA and cytotoxin in H. pylori, 2) to assess the correlation of their presence with clinical findings, and 3) to test whether the vacuolating cytotoxin of H. pylori could evoke proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in gastric epithelial cells. Methods: 1) The prevalence of the cagA, vacA and adhesin genes in H. pylori strains isolated from Koreans was determined by PCR analysis. 2) H. pylori was cultured in Brucella broth containing 10% fetal bovine serum for 3 days using a shaker in a microaerophilic condition. Cytotoxin assay was performed by determining whether addition of the concentrated culture supernatants is able to cause vacuolization of HeLa cells. 3) After human gastric epithelial cells, Hs746T and AGS were incubated with the culture supernatants containing vacuolating cytotoxin, each RNAs were extracted from the gastric epithelial cells. And then various cytokine gene expression were assessed using RT-PCR. The expressed cytokine transcripts were quantified by RT-PCR and standard synthetic RNA. Among cytokines, IL-8 proteins were also measured by ELISA. Results: 1) More than 95% of H. pylori isolates from Korean adults possessed cagA, vacA and adhesin genes. And 80.6% of H. pylori strains have expressed vacuolating cytotoxicity against HeLa cells within 24 hours. 2) There was no correlation between the virulence factors of H. pylori strains and clinical findings. 3) Cytotoxin-positive culture supernatants also caused vacuolization in gastric epithelial cells, both Hs746T and AGS. 4) Expression of mRNA for proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 α, IL-8, MCP-1 and GM-CSF was much more upregulated by vacuolating cytotoxin-positive culture supernatants than cytotoxin-negative ones in both Hs746T and AGS cells. Number of molecules of the expressed IL-8 transcripts was parallel to the amounts of IL-8 protein secreted from gastric epithelial cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that virulence factors of H. pylori may not be factors determining disease entitiy in Korean patients infected with H. pylori. In addition, vacuolating cytotoxin secreted from H. pylori could give rise to vacuolization in gastric epithelial cells as well as induce proinflammatory cytokines from the cells.