Involvement of IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms in the susceptibility for childhood asthma.

Kim, Kyung Won,Lee, Kyung Eun,Hong, Jung Yeon,Kim, Mi Na,Heo, Won Il,Sohn, Myung Hyun,Kim, Kyu-Earn Springer International 2011 Lung Vol.189 No.5

<P>Asthma and atopy have a complex background that may result from the interaction of genes and the environment. Interleukin (IL)-10 is known to play various roles in immune-regulating and anti-inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of the IL-10 promoter polymorphisms on susceptibility to childhood asthma. We recruited 333 patients with atopic asthma, 55 with nonatopic asthma, and 248 normal controls. We performed a genetic association study of three genetic polymorphisms (IL-10 -1082A>G, IL-10 -819T>C, and IL-10 -592A>C) of the IL-10 promoter. There was no difference between atopic asthma, nonatopic asthma, and normal controls with respect to allele, genotype, or haplotype frequencies of these IL-10 polymorphisms. However, the -1082A>G polymorphism and ATA haplotype in the IL-10 promoter gene were associated with airway hyper responsiveness (AHR) and the -819T>C, -592A>C, and ATA and ACC haplotypes were also shown to be related to serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Our results suggest that the polymorphisms within the IL-10 promoter may have a disease-modifying effect in the asthmatic airway.</P>

Interleukin-6가 사람 골수기질세포의 Alkaline Phosphatase, Osteontin, Decorin 및 a1(1)-Collagen mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향

김동관,김철희,김기수,손광현,박승일 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.2

Background: Inter1eukin-6(IL-6) is known to be produced by osteoblastic cells and to have impartant role in regulation of bone remodelling, Most previous studies indicated that IL-6 bas a major role in stimulating osteoclastic resorption by increasing recruitment and proliferation of preosteoclasts. But its autocrine effect on osteoblastic cells has not been well established yet. Therefore, we studied the effects of IL-6 on messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of proteins that are characteristic of osteoblastic cells in human bone marrow stromal (osteoprogenitor) cells (hRMSC). Methods: The expression of mRNAs for alkaline phosphatase, al(1)-collagen, osteopontin and decorin were studied by northern blot analysis after 3 7 days' treatrnent with IL-6 in the concenttation range of 101,000 U/ml. Results: The mRNA levels for any of the osteoblastic proteins studied did not change significantly by IL-6 treatment up to the concentration of 1,000 U/ml. Conclusion: These results suggest that IL-6 does not have a significant role in differentiatian or activities of human bone rnarrow stromal (osteoprogenitor) cells (J Kor Soc Endocrinol ll:156 162, 1996).

Selective addition of CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ Th1 cells enhances generation of cytotoxic T cells by dendritic cells in vitro

Sung Hee Yoon,Sun Ok Yun,Jung Yong Park,Hee Yeun Won,Eun-Kyung Kim,Hyun-Jung Sohn,Hyun-Il Cho,김태규 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.3

Increasing importance is being given to the stimulation of Th1 response in cancer immunotherapy because its presence can shift the direction of adaptive immune responses toward protective immunity. Based on chemokine receptor expression, CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ T cells as Th1-type cells were investigated its capacity in monocyte-derived dendritic cell (DC) maturation and polarization, and induction of antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in vitro. The levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were decreased to the basal level compared with high production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 in CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies. Co-incubation of activated CD4+ or CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ T cells with DC (CD4+/DC or CXCR3+CD4+/DC, respectively) particularly up-regulated IL-12 and CD80 expression compared with DC matured with TNF-α and LPS (mDC). Although there was no significant difference between the effects of the CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ and CD4+ T cells on DC phenotype expression, CXCR3+CD4+/DC in CTL culture were able to expand number of CD8+ T cells and increased frequencies of IFN-γ secreting cells and overall cytolytic activity against tumor antigen WT-1. These results demonstrated that the selective addition of CXCR3+ CCR4- CD4+ T cells to CTL cultures could enhance the induction of CTLs by DC in vitro, and implicated on a novel strategy for adoptive T cell therapy. Increasing importance is being given to the stimulation of Th1 response in cancer immunotherapy because its presence can shift the direction of adaptive immune responses toward protective immunity. Based on chemokine receptor expression, CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ T cells as Th1-type cells were investigated its capacity in monocyte-derived dendritic cell (DC) maturation and polarization, and induction of antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in vitro. The levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were decreased to the basal level compared with high production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 in CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies. Co-incubation of activated CD4+ or CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ T cells with DC (CD4+/DC or CXCR3+CD4+/DC, respectively) particularly up-regulated IL-12 and CD80 expression compared with DC matured with TNF-α and LPS (mDC). Although there was no significant difference between the effects of the CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ and CD4+ T cells on DC phenotype expression, CXCR3+CD4+/DC in CTL culture were able to expand number of CD8+ T cells and increased frequencies of IFN-γ secreting cells and overall cytolytic activity against tumor antigen WT-1. These results demonstrated that the selective addition of CXCR3+ CCR4- CD4+ T cells to CTL cultures could enhance the induction of CTLs by DC in vitro, and implicated on a novel strategy for adoptive T cell therapy.

Triple costimulation via CD80, 4-1BB, and CD83 ligand elicits the long-term growth of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in low levels of IL-2

Cho, Hyun-Woo,Kim, Su-Yeon,Sohn, Dae-Hee,Lee, Min-Ji,Park, Mi-Young,Sohn, Hyun-Jung,Cho, Hyun-Il,Kim, Tai-Gyu Federation of American Societies for Experimental 2016 Journal of Leukocyte Biology Vol.99 No.4

<P>Human gamma delta T cells play important roles in the regulation of infection and cancer. To understand the roles of costimulatory signals in activation and expansion ex vivo, V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells were grown with artificial APCs that express CD83, 4-1BB ligand, and/or CD32, which allowed a loading of alpha CD3 and alpha CD28 antibodies. The costimulatory signals through CD80, 4-1BB, and CD83 ligand in low levels of IL-2 triggered an explosive ex vivo proliferation of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells capable of secreting high levels of IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha. Moreover, the triple-costimulatory signals cause augmented cell viabilities for long-term growth of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells, resulting in phenotypic changes to CD272(-)CD45RA(+) effector memory-like cells. Notably, we observed that CD83 ligand signaling is crucial to promote ex vivo expansion, survival, and cytolytic effector functions of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells. In contrast, 4-1BB signaling is moderately important in up-regulating surface molecules on V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells. Consequently, gd T cells stimulated in the presence of triple-costimulatory signals have diverse cytolytic effector molecules, including perforin, granzyme A, granzyme B, and Fas ligand, eliciting potent cytolytic activities against tumor cells. Overall, our results provide insights into the roles of costimulatory signals in manufacturing long-lived and fully functional V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells that could be useful against cancers.</P>

An optimized peptide vaccine strategy capable of inducing multivalent CD8 ⁺ T cell responses with potent antitumor effects

Cho, Hyun-Il,Jung, Soo-Hyun,Sohn, Hyun-Jung,Celis, Esteban,Kim, Tai-Gyu TaylorFrancis 2015 Oncoimmunology Vol.4 No.11

<P>Therapeutic cancer vaccines are an attractive alternative to conventional therapies for treating malignant tumors, and successful tumor eradication depends primarily on obtaining high numbers of long-lasting tumor-reactive CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines constitute a promising approach for treating cancer, but in most instances low immune responses and suboptimal therapeutic effects are achieved indicating that further optimization is required. We describe here a novel vaccination strategy with peptide-loaded DCs followed by a mixture of synthetic peptides, polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly-IC) and anti-CD40 antibodies (TriVax) for improving the immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy of DC-based vaccines in a melanoma mouse model. TriVax immunization 7–12 d after priming with antigen-loaded DCs generated large numbers of long-lasting multiple antigen-specific CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells capable of recognizing tumor cells. These responses were far superior to those generated by homologous immunizations with either TriVax or DCs. CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells but not CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells or NK cells mediated the therapeutic efficacy of this heterologous prime-boost strategy. Moreover, combinations of this vaccination regimen with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade or IL2 anti-IL2 antibody complexes led to complete disease eradication and survival enhancement in melanoma-bearing mice. The overall results suggest that similar strategies would be applicable for the design of effective therapeutic vaccination for treating viral diseases and various cancers, which may circumvent current limitations of cell-based cancer vaccines.</P>

패밀리 레스토랑의 포지셔닝 전략에 관한 이론적 연구

손일락 淸州大學校 産業經營硏究所 2000 産業經營硏究 Vol.23 No.2

우리나라 외식사업 종사원 감정노동 관련 연구경향과 과제

손일락 청주대학교 경영경제연구소 2020 경상논총 Vol.12 No.2

외식사업 경영자의 관심은 고객만족과 그것을 위한 서비스 종사원의 관리와 통제에 집중되기 마련이다. 외식사업 종사원은 일종의 감정표현규칙이라 할 수 있는 서비스매뉴얼의 규정에 따라 직무를 수행하는 과정에서 스트레스와 소진현상을 경험한다. 외식사업 종사원도 희로애락의 감정을 지닌 인간이기 때문이다. 외식사업 종사원이 경험하는 감정노동은 결과적으로 서비스에 소극적으로 임하게 하고 이직 의도로 연결되어 외식업체의 생산성과 수익성에 영향을 미칠 개연성이 있다. 이 연구는 2015년을 전후해 증가하는 추세를 보이는 외식사업 종사원의 감정노동의 연구경향과 특징을 탐색적으로 고찰하고, 과제에 대해 이념적으로 제안하기 위한 목표로 수행되었다. 우리나라 외식사업 종사원의 감정노동의 연구경향은 감정노동을 개념화한 Hochschild의 정의와 하위차원을 원용해 감정소진, 이직의도 등 결과변수와의 인과관계를 다중회귀분석과 구조방정식모델을 이용한 가설검증 형태의 연구가 대부분이다. 그러나 외식사업 종사원의 감정노동은 업종과 업태에 따라 매우 복잡한 양상을 띤다. 게다가 외식사업 종사자원의 감정노동의 하위차원을 Hochschild의 표면행위와 내면행위로만 수렴하는 것이 바람직한지에 대한 근원적인 검토가 선행되는 것이 바람직하다는 판단이다. 이 연구결과는 외식사업 종사원의 감정노동 연구의 방향성 정립에 기여할 것으로 기대되며, 나아가 감정노동 관련이론의 체계화와 실무적 관점에서 외식사업 종사원의 감정노동 관리에 대한 이해와 관심의 제고에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

패밀리 레스토랑의 인터널 마케팅에 관한 연구

손일락 淸州大學校 産業經營硏究所 2001 産業經營硏究 Vol.24 No.2

우리고장 향토음식의 관광상품화 방안에 관한 소고

손일락 淸州大學校 産業經營硏究所 1998 産業經營硏究 Vol.21 No.1

지단백과 알부민 및 이들의 변형물질이 메산지움세포 증식에 미치는 영향

손일석,이태원,박재경,김희진,조병수,임천규,김명재 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2

목 적 : 혈청 지단백과 알부민은 그 자체로써 또는 산화나 당화 과정에 의한 변형을 거쳐 사구체 질환을 진행시킬 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 분명하지는 않으나 메산지움세포 증식과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 비교적 간단한 흡광도측정법을 이용하여 지단백과 알부민 및 그들의 변형물질들이 각각 메산지움세포 증식에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 정상인의 혈청 지단백을 원심분리 하여 저밀도지단백, 고밀도지단백, 초저밀도지단백을얻고, 산화 저밀도지단백, 당화 저밀도지단백, 그리고 혈청 알부민과 당화 알부민을 각각 농도를 달리하여 배양 중인 인간 메산지움세포에 가한 후 흡광도를 측정함으로써 메산지움세포의 증식정도를 알아보았다. 양성 대조군으로 interleukin-1β를 이용하였다. 결 과: 저밀도지단백은 농도 증가시 50 μg/mL와 100 μg/mL에서 세포의 증식을 보였으며,고밀도지단백과 초저밀도지단백은 농도에 따른 유의한 변화가 없었다. 산화 저밀도지단백은5 μg/mL에서부터 세포의 증식을 초래한 후 10 μg/mL와 25 μg/mL에서도 이를 유지하였다. 당화 저밀도지단백은 농도 증가에 따라 10 μg/mL와 100 μg/mL에서 세포의 증식을 억제하였다. 알부민은 농도 500 μg/mL에서 세포 증식을 억제하다가 고농도(1,000 μg/mL)에서는 영향이 없었으며, 당화 알부민 역시 100 μg/mL의 적은 농도에서는 억제효과를 보였으나 고농도(1,000 μg/mL)에서는 오히려 증식을 일으키는 결과를 보였다. 결 론: 저농도에서 저밀도지단백과 산화 저밀도지단백은 사람 메산지움세포의 증식을 초래하였으며, 당화 저밀도지단백은 증식을 억제하였다. 알부민은 일정농도까지 사람 메산지움세포의 증식을 억제하다가 고농도에서는 영향이 없었으며, 당화 알부민도 일정농도까지 증식 억제 효과가 있다가 고농도에서는 오히려 증식을 초래하는 양상을 보였다. Background : Modified lipoproteins may be involved in nephro- and glomerulosclerosis. Diabetic nephropathy-like lesions have also been induced in a rat model by glycated and glycoxidized albumin. In cultured rat or human mesangial cells, enhanced cell proliferation and production of mesangial matrix in response to lipoproteins and their modified forms have been demonstrated by [3H]-thymidine incorporation and cell counting assays. But these methods are relatively complex and most of them have used only one or two of the lipoprotein, albumin and their modified forms. Methods : We investigated the effects of native and modifed lipoproteins, and albumin on cultured human mesangial cell proliferation using non-radioactive colorimetric method by MTS/PMS assay. Lipoproteins added were low density lipoprotein(LDL), high density lipoprotein(HDL), very low density lipoprotein(VLDL), oxidized LDL(oxidation with copper sulfate in vitro) and glycated LDL and we also used albumin, glycated albumin, and interleukin-1β as a positive control. Results : Interleukin-1β promoted the proliferation of cultured human mesangial cells up to concentration 20 ng/mL. LDL induced the proliferation of mesangial cells in a concentration-dependent manner up to concentration 100 μg/mL. HDL and VLDL had no significant proliferative effect. Oxidized LDL caused the proliferation of mesangial cells at low concentration up to concentration 25 μg/mL. Addition of glycated LDL resulted in a concentrationdependent inhibition of mesangial cells. Albumin and glycated albumin inhibited the proliferation of mesangial cells at low concentration of 100 μg/mL, but cell growth was increased at higher concentrations. Conclusion : We demonstrated the effects of the single and modified proteins on the proliferation of cultured human mesangial cell by relatively simple colorimetric method. Results were almostly identical to those of previous studies obtained by radioactive method or cell counting assay. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):266-275)