3차원 컴퓨터게임의 개발환경 및 개발방법론

장현덕,김성훈 永同大學校 1999 硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.1

본 논문은 변화된 게임 개발환경과 그에 따라 달라진 3차원 컴퓨터게임 개발방법을 모색한다. PC 환경하에서 게임의 속도구현을 위한 3차원 게임 라이브러리 DirectX의 사용과 윈도우즈 환경하에서의 게임개발 방법을 고찰함으로써 사용자 게임실행시의 다양한 하드웨어 환경을 지원하고, 유효한 게임실행 속도를 얻을 수 있는 3차원 컴퓨터게임의 개발방법론을 제시하였다. The purpose of this paper is to overview the recently changed environments of developing a computer game software and propose an appropriate developemnt methodology to these environments. For the speed of playing 3-dimensional games in window-based environments of personal computer, we investigated DirectX as a game development library and suggested a guideline for developing 3-dimensional computer games which is compatible with various hardware platforms and keep up a fitting speed of game-playing.

還元鐵 粉末을 混合한 카보닐鐵 粉末의 射出成形時 結合劑 選擇

具光德,李奭羲,成章鉉 東亞大學校 大學院 1993 大學院論文集 Vol.18 No.-

To select the optimum binder composition in the metal injection molding of the mixed powders of carbonyl and reduction powders, the PW, CW, SA and HDPE were selected as a multi-component binder and optimum applicable compostion of the multi-component binder was determined during the metal injection molding process. With increasing the HDPE content in the multi-component binders, the moldability(spiral length) decreased. The multi-component binder were condensed separated above 30wt.% of the HDPE. and the improvement of the moldability did not appear above 2wt.% addition of the Sa in the multicomponent binders. Considering the irregular particl size and proous holes at the surface of the reduction powder, it is possible to obtain a sound component for the composition of the binders of 82wt.%PW< 11wt.%CW, 5wT.%HDPE and 2wt.%SA in spited of the secrifice of the st4rength of the green part. The moldability and density decreased with increasing the weight fraction of the reduction powder. The minimum spiral length to obtain a sound green parts of the tensile testing specimen could be determined by using the moldability test. With increasing the weight fraction of the reduction ppoweder, the linear shrinkage decreased and also the sintered density incrased after decreasing at the 10wt.% addition of reduction powders.

카보닐 철분말의 사출성형시 결합제의 왁스 함량이 성형성에 미치는 영향

구광덕,성장현 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1993 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.1

The effect of wax contents on the moldability in metal injection molding of the carbonyl iron powder was investigated. The binders were consisted with high molecular weight polymer of PMMA, PS and EVA, and with waxes of PW and CW. On increasing the relative weight fraction of wax contents up to 79wt.% in the polymer-wax binder mixture, the moldability and thermal properties of the binder was found to be improved. The moldability of the powder-binder mixture showed to be improved with increasing wax contents. But the agglomeration and separation of powder-binder mixture was shown at 56vol.% powder and 79wt.% wax. The experimental conditions for good molding into tensile mold appeared that the flow distance of spiral mold above 150㎜ and the mold temperature at 40℃. The amounts of binder removed and sintered densities were increased with increasing the wax contents.

Fe-Ni계 혼합분말의 사출성형시 소결 분위기에 따른 탄소량과 기계적 성질

구광덕,성장현 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1994 硏究報告 Vol.18 No.1

After changing the Ni powder contents from 0 wt.% to 8 wt.%, the effect of H₂/N₂ sintering gas atmosphere on the carbon contents and mechanical properties during the metal injection molding process of carbonyl iron-nickel powders was carried out. The relative density of the most sintered specimen showed 94∼95%, except 96% density of 2 wt.% and 4 wt.% Ni specimen after sintering in the atmosphere of 60% H₂/N₂ gas mixture. The retained carbon content of the sintered specimen decreased with increasing the H₂ gas content. The carbon contents of the specimen were 0.46∼0.6 wt.% in the N₂ gas atmosphere, while they appeared extremely low above 40% H₂ gas. The microstrure became fine with increasing Ni content. With increasing the H₂ gas contents, tensile strength and hardness decreased gradually, hence elongation increased due to the reduction and decarbrization reaction with carbon and hydrogen.

초등학교 운동선수의 성격특성과 창의적 사고성과의 관계

원영두,안용덕,천장현 조선대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1999 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

This study examines the children’s basic preference of character shown in the process of recognition and judgment through self-report of the response recognized by themselves, forecasts its individual and complex results and then aims at developing more creative and effective sports programs to guide and train the athletes. For this, the data from 510 elementary school students in Kwangju and Chonnam regions. (310 athletes and 200 non-athletes) are analyzed and then the following conclusions are obtained, 1) As a result of comparing the character features of athlete group and non-athlete group, the athletes group shows higher proportion in extroversion, intuition and judgment type than non-athletes group and there is little difference in thinking type between two groups. Also both groups prefer ENFP and ESFP most. 2) According to the test of creative thinking difference by four character preferences of athletes in elementary schools, there are statistically significant differences in fluency and originality based on E-I index and perceptual openness and flexibility based on S-N index. In addition, there are significant differences in perceptual openness and fluency based on T-F index and the some of creative thinking. P preference group showse significantly significant differences only in the factor of perceptual openness based on J-P index and there is no significant difference in fluency, flexibility and originality.

LED를 이용한 복합레진의 광조사시, 중합수축의 속도와 양, 미세경도에 관한 연구

박성호,김수선,조용식,이순영,김도현,장용주,문현승,서정원,노병덕 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.4

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the light emitting diode(LED) units for composite curing. To compare its effectiveness with conventional quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) light curing unit, the microhardness of 2mm composite, Z250, which had been light cured by the LEDs (Ultralume LED2, FreeLight, Developing product D1) or QTH (XL 3000) were compared on the upper and lower surface. One way ANOVA with Tukey and Paired t-test was used at 95% levels of confidence. In addition, the amount of linear polymerization shrinkage was compared between composites which were light cured by QTH or LEDs using a custom-made linimeter in 10s and 60s of light curing, and the amount of linear polymerization shrinkage was compared by one way ANOVA with Tukey. The amount of polymerization shrinkage at 10s was XL3000 > Ultralume 2, 40, 60 > FreeLight, D1 (P<0.05) The amount of polymerization shrinkage at 60s was XL3000 > Ultralume 2, 60 > Ultralume 2, 40 > FreeLight, D1 (P<0.05) The microhardness on the upper and lower surface was as follows; <본문 참조> It was concluded that the LEDs produced lower polymerization shrinkage in 10s and 60s compared with QTH unit. In addition, the microhardness of samples which had been cured with LEDs was lower on the lower surfaces than the upper surfaces whereas there was no difference in QTH cured samples.

Molecular responses to the influenza A virus in chicken trachea-derived cells

Jang, Hyun-Jun,Lee, Hyun-Jeong,Kang, Kyung Soo,Song, Ki-Duk,Kim, Tae-Hun,Song, Chang-Seon,Park, Mi Na Elsevier 2015 Poultry science Vol.94 No.6

<P>The influenza A virus infects a broad range of species and spreads easily through the respiratory tract. Because of these characteristics, the influenza A virus has caused pandemic disease in humans and livestock. To investigate the early molecular responses after influenza A virus infection in chickens, we infected tracheal epithelial cells derived from 20-day-old chick embryos with influenza A virus (H1N1). The gene expression patterns of the infected tracheal epithelial cells were analyzed via DNA microarray at different time points (0, 6, 12, 24, and 36 hr) after viral infection. Differentially expressed genes were identified at 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours post infection. A total of 1,936, 2,168, 3,670 and 2,894 genes were upregulated (>= 2-fold, P < 0.05), whereas 884, 592, 1,503 and 1,925 genes were downregulated at the respective time points (<= 0.5-fold, P < 0.05). When the differentially expressed genes were functionally categorized, immune-related and defense response gene ontology terms were detected in 12, 24, or 36 hours post infection. Interestingly, in the defense response, most of the gallinacin (GAL) genes were rapidly induced within 24 hr post infection. Subsequently, we predicted transcription factor binding sites within promoters of the GAL gene family, and analyzed the gene expression pattern for the common GAL gene regulatory factors to identify the viral infection-induced immune mechanism. Our results might contribute to an understanding of early host responses and regulatory mechanisms for host defense peptide induction against viral infections in chicken.</P>

Poster Session 1 : DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair Transcription, RNA Processing and Translation ; PIAS3 suppresses NF-κB-mediated transcription by interacting with the p65/RelA subunit

( Hyun Duk Jang ),( Kyung Hee Kim ),( Soo Young Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Analysis of metabolomic patterns in thoroughbreds before and after exercise

Jang, Hyun-Jun,Kim, Duk-Moon,Kim, Kyu-Bong,Park, Jeong-Woong,Choi, Jae-Young,Oh, Jin Hyeog,Song, Ki-Duk,Kim, Suhkmann,Cho, Byung-Wook Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.11

Objective: Evaluation of exercise effects in racehorses is important in horseracing industry and animal health care. In this study, we compared metabolic patterns between before and after exercise to screen metabolic biomarkers for exercise effects in thoroughbreds. Methods: The concentration of metabolites in muscle, plasma, and urine was measured by $^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis and the relative metabolite levels in the three samples were compared between before and after exercise. Subsequently, multivariate data analysis based on the metabolic profiles was performed using orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and variable important plots and t-test was used for basic statistical analysis. Results: From $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy analysis, 35, 25, and 34 metabolites were detected in the muscle, plasma, and urine. Aspartate, betaine, choline, cysteine, ethanol, and threonine were increased over 2-fold in the muscle; propionate and trimethylamine were increased over 2-fold in the plasma; and alanine, glycerol, inosine, lactate, and pyruvate were increased over 2-fold whereas acetoacetate, arginine, citrulline, creatine, glutamine, glutarate, hippurate, lysine, methionine, phenylacetylglycine, taurine, trigonelline, trimethylamine, and trimethylamine N-oxide were decreased below 0.5-fold in the urine. The OPLS-DA showed clear separation of the metabolic patterns before and after exercise in the muscle, plasma, and urine. Statistical analysis showed that after exercise, acetoacetate, arginine, glutamine, hippurate, phenylacetylglycine trimethylamine, trimethylamine N-oxide, and trigonelline were significantly decreased and alanine, glycerol, inosine, lactate, and pyruvate were significantly increased in the urine (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, we analyzed integrated metabolic patterns in the muscle, plasma, and urine before and after exercise in racehorses. We found changed patterns of metabolites in the muscle, plasma, and urine of racehorses before and after exercise.

Cleavage of TRAF1 by Caspase-8 prompts TNF-induced apoptosis

Jang, Hyun Duk,Kwack, Min Jung,Chung, Young Mee,Park, Il Seon,Jung. Young Keun,Lee, Soo Young 이화여자대학교 세포신호전달연구센터 2000 고사리 세포신호전달 심포지움 Vol. No.2

Through their interaction with the TNF receptor-associated factor(TRAF) family, members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor(TNFR) superfamily elicit a wide range of biological effects including differentiation, proliferation, activation, or cell death. Although the molecular mechanisms of TRAF family signaling have been largely eluciated, the role of TRAF1 that regulates the balance of life and death is still unknown, Here we show that endogenous TRAF1 is cleaved by Caspase-8 into two fragments during apoptosis induced by TNF-α. The cleavage site was mapped to the aspartic acid at position 156 of TRAF1. TRAF1c, one of the cleavage products, increased cell's sensitivity to TNF. The Caspase-8 resistant TRAF1 mutants protected cells against TNF-induced apoptosis. Our study provides a potential mechanism to convert from life to death in TNF receptor-mediated apoptosis.