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Evaluation of vaccines for the SAT 1, SAT 2, and SAT 3 serotypes of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in pigs
Hye-Eun Jo(Hye-Eun Jo),Su-Hwa You(Su-Hwa You),Joo-Hyung Choi(Joo-Hyung Choi),Mi-Kyeong Ko(Mi-Kyeong Ko),Sung Ho Shin(Sung Ho Shin),Hyundong Jo(Hyundong Jo),Min Ja Lee(Min Ja Lee),Su-Mi Kim(Su-Mi Kim) 한국예방수의학회 2019 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2018 No.-
The medial prefrontal cortex is involved in spatial memory retrieval under partial-cue conditions.
Jo, Yong Sang,Park, Eun Hye,Kim, Il Hwan,Park, Soon Kwon,Kim, Hyun,Kim, Hyun Taek,Choi, June-Seek The Society 2007 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.27 No.49
<P>Brain circuits involved in pattern completion, or retrieval of memory from fragmented cues, were investigated. Using different versions of the Morris water maze, we explored the roles of the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in spatial memory retrieval under various conditions. In a hidden platform task, both CA3 and mPFC lesions disrupted memory retrieval under partial-cue, but not under full-cue, conditions. For a delayed matching-to-place task, CA3 lesions produced a deficit in both forming and recalling spatial working memory regardless of extramaze cue conditions. In contrast, damage to mPFC impaired memory retrieval only when a fraction of cues was available. To corroborate the lesion study, we examined the expression of the immediate early gene c-fos in mPFC and the hippocampus. After training of spatial reference memory in full-cue conditions for 6 d, the same training procedure in the absence of all cues except one increased the number of Fos-immunoreactive cells in mPFC and CA3. Furthermore, mPFC inactivation with muscimol, a GABA agonist, blocked memory retrieval in the degraded-cue environment. However, mPFC-lesioned animals initially trained in a single-cue environment had no difficulty in retrieving spatial memory when the number of cues was increased, demonstrating that contextual change per se did not impair the behavioral performance of the mPFC-lesioned animals. Together, these findings strongly suggest that pattern completion requires interactions between mPFC and the hippocampus, in which mPFC plays significant roles in retrieving spatial information maintained in the hippocampus for efficient navigation.</P>
Rhabdomyolysis induced gluteal compartment syndrome
( Sung Yoon Lim ),( Sang Kyung Jo ),( Eun Jung Cho ),( Hye Min Choi ),( Won Yong Cho ),( Hyoung Kyu Kim ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1
Background: Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular muscle constituents into the circulation. Myoglobinuria is the most significant consequence of the muscle breakdown and is reported to cause acute renal failure. Fluid resuscitation is known as the mainstay of treatment of renal failure. However, compartment syndrome is a potential complication of severe rhabdomyolysis that may develop after fluid resuscitation, with worsening edema of the limb and muscle. Bilateral sciatic nerve compression neuropathy caused by gluteal compartment syndrome is rare. This case report describes a rare presentation of both feet drop resulting from compartment syndrome subsequent to rhabdomyolysis. Case: A 30-year old female was presented to the emergency room with low extremity weakness for 30 minutes. There was swelling and tenderness on both thigh. Neurological examination demonstrated paraesthesia of the skin on the posterior aspect of the thigh and gluteal regions, as well as the entire lower leg. Power of both knee extension was grade 3 and ankle dorsiflexion was grade 0. Serum electrolytes revealed hyperkalemia(K=5.7mmol/L). Other pertinent laboratory studies included serum creatine phosphokinase(101960iu/l), lactate dehydrogenase (5794iu/l), aspartate aminotransferase (1130iu/l), and alanine aminotransferase (517iu/l). Her renal function was impaired (urea 33 mg/dl; creatinine 1.7 mg/dl). Urinalysis demonstrated myoglobin, a large amount of red blood cells. EMG findings suggest degeneration of sensorimotor fibers of the bilateral sciatic nerve and myopathy in the bilateral hip girdle muscles. MRI scan of the buttock and thigh muscles showed signal change in both piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve compression are probably due to piriformis muscle swelling. Conclusion: Rhabdomylosis induced compartment syndrome is rare and can be easily missed due to muscle weakness and pain as a result of rhabdomyolysis. It is imperative to identify the condition as early in the process as possible and to treat it with the appropriate interventions. Failure to do so may result in dangerous, irreversible sequelae such as contracture, sensory deficits, ¶lysis.
Jo, In Young,Son, Seok-Hyun,Kim, Myungsoo,Sung, Soo Yoon,Won, Yong Kyun,Kang, Hye Jin,Lee, So Jung,Chung, Yong-An,Oh, Jin Kyoung,Kay, Chul-Seung The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.3
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictable value of pretreatment $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ($^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT) in radiotherapy (RT) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 36 stage I-IV HCC patients treated with RT. $^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT was performed before RT. Treatment target was determined HCC or PVTT lesions by treatment aim. They were irradiated at a median prescription dose of 50 Gy. The response was evaluated within 3 months after completion of RT using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Response rate, overall survival (OS), and the pattern of failure (POF) were analyzed. Results: The response rate was 61.1%. The statistically significant prognostic factor affecting response in RT field was maximal standardized uptake value (maxSUV) only. The high SUV group (maxSUV ${\geq}5.1$) showed the better radiologic response than the low SUV group (maxSUV < 5.1). The median OS were 996.0 days in definitive group and 144.0 days in palliative group. Factors affecting OS were the %reduction of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level in the definitive group and Child-Pugh class in the palliative group. To predict the POF, maxSUV based on the cutoff value of 5.1 was the only significant factor in distant metastasis group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the maxSUV of $^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT may be a prognostic factor for treatment outcome and the POF after RT. A %reduction of AFP level and Child-Pugh class could be used to predict OS in HCC.
Jo, Hye-Ryeong,Wang, Sung Eun,Kim, Yong-Seok,Lee, Chang Ho,Son, Hyeon Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.7
Oleanolic acid (OA) has neurotrophic effects on neurons, although its use as a neurological drug requires further research. In the present study, we investigated the effects of OA and OA derivatives on the neuronal differentiation of rat hippocampal neural progenitor cells. In addition, we investigated whether the class II histone deacetylase (HDAC) 5 mediates the gene expression induced by OA. We found that OA and OA derivatives induced the formation of neurite spines and the expression of synapse-related molecules. OA and OA derivatives stimulated HDAC5 phosphorylation, and concurrently the nuclear export of HDCA5 and the expression of HDAC5 target genes, indicating that OA and OA derivatives induce neural differentiation and synapse formation via a pathway that involves HDAC5 phosphorylation.
Involvement of Spontaneously Formed Cyclic Nucleotides in Cat Gastric Muscle Relaxation
Sang-Soo Sim,Hye-Jung Baek,Duck-Joo Rhie,Shin-Hee Yoon,Sang June Hahn,Yang-Hyeok Jo,Myung-Suk Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.3
<P> Muscle strips and muscle cells from cat stomach were used to investigate whether spontaneously formed cyclic nucleotides were involved in the inhibition of gastric smooth muscle contraction. A phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), increased the levels of both cyclic GMP (cGMP) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) in resting state cells, while decreasing acetylcholine-induced muscle contraction. Under the influence of IBMX, SQ22536, an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor and methylene blue, a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor completely blocked increases in cAMP and cGMP respectively, without any effect on contraction. However, the combination of SQ22536 and methylene blue completely blocked increases in both cAMP and cGMP levels and stimulated contractions markedly even in the presence of IBMX. Muscle contraction inhibitors such as isoprenaline, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and sodium nitroprusside also appeared to increase cyclic nucleotide levels which decreased contraction. Which nucleotide increased the most was dependent on the agonist used. Therefore, irrespective of the cyclic nucleotide class, the spontaneous formation of cyclic nucleotides should be considered in evaluating the mechanism of gastric smooth muscle relaxation.
Effect of Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate on Sphingolipid Metabolic Enzymes in Rat Liver
Jo, Ji-Yeong,Kim, Tae-Hyung,Jeong, Hye-Young,Lim, Sung-Mee,Kim, Hyung-Sik,Im, Dong-Soon Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2011 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.3
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), the most widely utilized industrial plastizer and a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, can act on peroxisome proliferators-activated nuclear hormone receptor family (PPAR) isoforms. To understand the contribution of sphingolipid metabolism to DEHP-induced hepatotoxicity, effect of DEHP exposure on activities of sphingolipid metabolic enzymes in rat liver was investigated. DEHP (250, 500 or 750 mg/kg) was administered to the rats through oral gavage daily for 28 days. The activities of acidic and alkaline ceramidases were slightly increased in 250 mg/kg DEHP-administered rat livers and significantly elevated in 500 mg/kg DEHP-administered ones, although the level of 750 mg/kg DEHP-administered ones was not increased. Neutral ceramidase, acidic and neutral sphingomyelinases, sphingomyeline synthase and ceramide syhthase were not changed at all by DEHP exposure. Therefore, acidic and alkaline ceramidases might play important roles in DEHP-induced hepatotoxicity.