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( Sang Cheol Bae ),( Jinseok Kim ),( Jung Yoon Choe ),( Won Park ),( So Ra Lee ),( Yong Ho Ahn ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Etanercept is a recombinant fusion protein that blocks TNF. HD203 is a biosimilar of etanercept with demonstrated comparability across pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability. The objectives of this study were to evaluate equivalence in effi cacy and compare safety of HD203 with reference etanercept, in combination with MTX in patients with RA. (ClinicalTrials. gov NCT01270997). Methods: Korean patients (male or female aged =20 years) with active RA were randomized (1:1) to 25 mg HD203 or reference etanercept, administered subcutaneously twice weekly with MTX for 48 weeks. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving ACR20 at week 24. Secondary endpoints included ACRn, DAS28, andEULAR response at week 24 and 48, safety and immunogenicity. Results: In total, 294 patients were randomized: HD203, n=147; reference etanercept, n=147. The proportion of patients achieving ACR20 at week 24 was not signifi cantly different between HD203 and reference etanercept. Equivalent effi cacy was demonstrated within predefined margins. There were no significant differences between proportions achieving ACR20 at week 12 and 48. ACR50 and ACR70 displayed similar trends. There were no signifi cant differences between groups for ACRn, DAS28, and EULAR response. Safety set analysis (HD203, n=147; reference etanercept, n=146) revealed no signifi cant difference for treatment-emergent (all-causality) adverse events (AEs): HD203 76. 87% vs. reference etanercept 78. 08% (p=0. 8040). No significant differences between HD203 and reference etanercept were observed for adverse drug reactions, serious AEs, or discontinuations due to AEs. Few patients tested positive for anti-drug antibodies. Conclusions: The study met the primary endpoint of demonstrating equivalent effi cacy of HD203 compared to reference etanercept. HD203 was well tolerated, with a safety profi le comparable to reference etanercept in this population of patients with RA.
차아염소산나트륨 처리와 멸균법이 근관 치료용 파일의 부식에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
양원경,라윤식,이영규,손호현,김미리 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.2
근관 치료시 많이 사용되고 있는 K-flex S-S 파일 (Maillefer, USA)과 Profile Ni-Ti 파일 (Maillefer, USA), K-3 Ni-Ti파일 (SybronEndo, USA)의 부식 정도를 보기 위하여 총 360개의 20번 file을 1) 멸균소독 방법 (고압가열멸균소독, E-O gas 소독) ,2) 근관세척 액 (5.25% 차아염소산나트륨, 생리식염수) ,3) 멸균소독 횟수 (1, 5, 10회 ) 에 따라 36개 실험군으로 나누었다. 각각의 파일을 각 군별로 처리한 뒤, 세 명의 검사자가 광학 현미경 하에서 25배의 배율로 검사하여 0; 부식 없음, 1; 경도의 부식, 2; 중등도의 부식, 3; 심한 부식으로 점수화 하였다. 심한 부식을 보이는 파일의 표면은 SEM으로 관찰하였고 Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05)를 이용하여 통계 분석 처리하여 차아염소산나트륨 접촉 여부와 멸균소독 방법의 차이에 의한 부식 정도를 평가하였다. 그 결과 고압가열멸균소독을 10회 시행한 파일은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여 부식 정도가 심하였고, 1회나 5회 고압가열멸균소독을 시행한 파일과 E-O 가스로 소독한 파일들은 부식의 정도가 경미하여 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 차아염소산나트륨 접촉 여부와 제조사 혹은 파일 재료에 따른 유의성 있는 차이는 없었다 A variety files made of stainless steel (S-S) or nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) are used during endodontic treatment. The purpose of tt)is study was to evaluate the corrosion susceptibility of S-S and Ni-Ti endodontic files. Three brands of files were used for this study: K-flex S-S files (Maillefer, USA), Profile Ni-Ti files (Maillefer, USA), K-3 Ni-Ti files (SybronEndo. USA). 120 files of each brands (21mm, ISO size #20) were divided into 12 groups according to 1) sterilization methods using Autoclave or Ethylene Oxide (E-O) gas, 2) Irrigation solutions using 5.25% NaOCl or Saline, 3) the number of sterilization (1, 5, 10 times), After above procedures, each of the files was inspected by three examiners with a light microscope and camera at X25. Each file was judged and ranked according to the following criteria: 0;, no corrosion, 1; mild corrosion, 2; moderate corrosion, and 3; severe corrosion. The files of high score were examined under the Scanning Electron Microscope. Data were statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). Most of the ten time-autoclaved files had showed mild to moderate corrosion. But, one or five time-autoclaved files did not show corrosive surface. NaOCl treatment and E-O gas sterilization did not influence on corrosion. There was a significant difference in corrosion susceptibility between sterilization methods and the number of autoclaving. However, there was no significant difference between brands and file materials.
임신과 연관된 유방삽입물 주의 피막 구형 구축의 변화에 대한 임상적 연구
이윤호,임동헌,윤진호,강소라,김한중,배원배 大韓成形外科學會 1997 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.24 No.6
It has been reported that the frequency of the development of peripheral capsuler contracture after breast augmentation surgery using silicone-gel implants amounts between 25 to 50%. Various treatments to cure or prevent the capsular contracture are mow being studied and introduced, including submuscular insertion of breast implants, steroid instillation, oral intake of Vit-E, postoperative breast massage, regional injection of antibiotics, and a saline-filled implantation without gel-bleed. This paper reports, along with the literal study, on the improvement of the softening of capsular contracture condition observed from 12 patients who have undergone pregnancy and delivery after breast augmentation surgery operated at the Plastic surgery departments of Ewha University Medical Center and Seoul National University Medical Center during 1985-1995. Conceivably, the softening of the capsular contracture is attributable to the hormonal change, immunologic and inflammatory alteration, and the masking effect resulting from mammary alveolar hypertrophy. It is believed that a study should be continued on the relationship between the pregnancy and the softening of capsular contracture condition.
황산염저부하조건에서 순양한 혐기성오니에 있어서 황산염환원균의 역할
서정인,라원식,남택호 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1996 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.2
황산염 저부하조건에서 순양한 혐기성오니에 있어서 황산염환원균의 역활을 명확히 하기 위해 메탄생성과 황화물생성에 대한 황산염, 황화물 및 휘발성지방산의 영향을 검토했다. 메탄생성은 황화물과 황산염의 첨가에 의해서 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 동시에 황산염의 환원에 의해 황화물이 생성되었으며, 그 생성속도는 0.30 μ mol·g VSS^-1·hr^-1이고 첨가한 휘발성 지방산의 종류와 관계가 있었다. 그리고 메탄생성속도는 Acetate를 제외한 휘발성지방산이 산화됨과 동시에 황화물생성속도와 함께 증가하였다. 따라서 황산염환원균은 황산염저부하 혐기성오니하에서 Acetate를 제외한 휘발성지방산을 발효적 대사에 이용하여 서식하는 것으로 판단된다. 그리고, 발효적 대사에 의해 생육하는 황산염환원균은 황산염저부하조건에서 Hydrogen-producing acetogens의 역할을 하는 것으로 추측되었다. The effect of sulfate, sulfide and volatile fatty acids on methane production and sulfide production in anaerobic sludge acclimated with sulfate-poor medium was investigated to clarify the role of sulfidogens. Methane production was shown to be stimulated by the addition of sulfide or sulfate. At the same time, sulfide production was measured in serum bottle test in which the sulfate reduction was measured during incubation. The production rate was 0.30 μ mol·g VSS^-l·hr^-1, and was related to the kinds of added volatile fatty acids. And methane production rate was increased with increasing with sulfide production rate in which oxidation of volatile fatty acids exception of acetate was measured during incubation. These results shows that many sulfidogens should inhabit by their fermentation from volatile fatty acids exception of acetate In sulfate-poor anaerobic sludge. And, fermentative-sulfidogens appear to assume the a role of hydrogen-producing acetogens in sulfate-poor condition.
Devolatilization characteristics of high volatile coal in a wire mesh reactor
Ho Won Ra,Jae Goo Lee,Myung Won Seo,Sang Jun Yoon,Sung Min Yoon,Jae Kwon Kim,박승빈 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.9
A wire mesh reactor was used to investigate the devolatilization process of coal particle during entrainedflow gasification. Coal from Indonesia East Kalimantan mine, which has high moisture and high volatile matter, waschosen as a sample. Experiments were carried out at the heating rate of 1,000 oC/s and isothermal condition was keptat peak temperature under atmospheric pressure. The char, tar and gas formation characteristics of the coal as well asthe composition of the gas components at peak temperatures were determined. The experimental results showed thatdevolatilization process terminated when temperature reached above 1,100 oC. Most of tar was formed at about 800 oC,while the rate of tar formation decreased gradually as the temperature increased. CH4 was observed at temperaturesabove 600 oC, whereas H2 was detected above 1,000 oC. The amount of formed gases such as H2, CO, CH4 and CnHmincreased as the temperature increased. From the characteristics of devolatilization with residence time, it was con-cluded that devolatilization terminated within about 0.7 second when the temperature reached 1,000 oC. As the operatingtemperature in an entrained flow gasifier is higher than ash melting temperature, it is expected that the devolatilizationtime of high volatile coal should be less than one second in an entrained flow gasifier.