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Innovation Height and Firm Performance: An Empirical Analysis from the Community Innovation Survey
Hiroshi Ohashi,Kohei Nishikawa,Daiya Isogawa 한국개발연구원 2015 KDI Journal of Economic Policy (KDI JEP) Vol.37 No.1
This study evaluates the economic impact of product innovation by using firm-level data from the Community Innovation Survey conducted in Japan. It accounts for possible technological spillover from innovation activities and examines the extent to which new-to-market product innovations contribute to firm performance. Econometric analysis using a simultaneous equation model reveals that new-to-market product innovation is likely to increase a firm’s sales without cannibalizing those of existing products and generate more technological spillover to other firms. Moreover, such innovation is more likely to emerge from firms collaborating with academic institutions. The paper concludes by discussing policy implications of these findings as well as points to the importance of cross-country comparison between Korea and Japan.
Innovation Height and Firm Performance: An Empirical Analysis from the Community Innovation Survey
ISOGAWA, DAIYA,NISHIKAWA, KOHEI,OHASHI, HIROSHI Korea Development Institute 2015 KDI Journal of Economic Policy (KDI JEP) Vol.37 No.1
This study evaluates the economic impact of product innovation by using firm-level data from the Community Innovation Survey conducted in Japan. It accounts for possible technological spillover from innovation activities and examines the extent to which new-to-market product innovations contribute to firm performance. Econometric analysis using a simultaneous equation model reveals that new-to-market product innovation is likely to increase a firm's sales without cannibalizing those of existing products and generate more technological spillover to other firms. Moreover, such innovation is more likely to emerge from firms collaborating with academic institutions. The paper concludes by discussing policy implications of these findings as well as points to the importance of cross-country comparison between Korea and Japan.
Rui Kitadai,Tadaaki Nishikawa,Hiroshi Yoshida,Chiharu Mizoguch,Kasumi Yamamoto,Tomoyasu Kato,Kan Yonemori 대한부인종양학회 2024 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.35 No.2
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate mesothelin (MSLN) expression and determine itsclinical significance and correlation with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)expression in gynecological carcinosarcoma. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS)and ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS) who under went surger y between 1997 and 2019. Immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens for MSLN(clone SP74) and HER2 (clone 4A5) was also performed. MSLN was scored using the H-scoreand 4-tired scoring system (0–3+). MSLN positivity was defined as any positive cell at anyintensity, while high MSLN expression was defined as an intensity of ≥2+ in ≥30% of tumorcells. HER2 expression was scored according to modified 2018 American Society of ClinicalOncology/College of American Pathologists criteria. Results: A total of 128 patients were recruited, including 119 with UCS and 9 with OCS. All cases in UCS exhibited MSLN positivity, and 33.9% showed high-MSLN expression. Clinicopathological characteristics were not significantly associated with high or low-MSLNexpression. However, the high-MSLN group showed more prolonged overall sur vival (OS)than the low-MSLN group (not assessed vs. 36.8 months; hazard ratio=0.48, 95% confidenceinter val=0.26–0.89, p=0.016). HER2-high patients had higher MSLN expression than HER2-negative patients. In high-MSLN and low-MSLN expression groups, HER2 status did notaffect OS. OCS showed 100% MSLN positivity, with 66.6% high-MSLN. Conclusion: MSLN expression is widely obser ved in gynecological carcinosarcomas. Moreover, high-MSLN expression is a favorable prognostic factor for UCS. MSLN could be apromising therapeutic target for UCS, even in the era of anti-HER2 therapy.
Shu Yazaki,Yuki Kojima,Hiroshi Yoshida,Shigemasa Takamizawa,Rui Kitadai,Tadaaki Nishikawa,Tatsunori Shimoi,Kazuki Sudo,Ayumi Saito,Hitomi Sumiyoshi Okuma,Maki Tanioka,Emi Noguchi,Masaya Uno,Mitsuya Is 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.6
Objective: Folate receptor α (FRα) is a membrane protein expressed in various solid tumors but has limited expression in normal cells. Therefore, FRα is an attractive target for cancer treatment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between FRα expression and the clinicopathological characteristics and survivals of cervical cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with cervical cancer who underwent primary surgery between 2000 and 2020 at our institution. Immunohistochemical staining of FRα was performed using an anti-folate-binding protein/FBP antibody. FRα-positive staining was defined as ≥5% of tumor staining and FRα-high as ≥50% tumor staining with ≥2+ intensity. The association between FRα expression and survival was assessed using multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusting for established prognostic factors. Results: Overall, 123 patients were identified, and 140 tumor samples, including 17 paired primary and metastatic samples, were evaluated. As histological types, 67 patients had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 56 patients had non-SCC. All primary tumors were FRα-positive. High FRα expression was observed in 25% of the cases and differed according to histology (SCC vs. non-SCC, 14.9% vs. 37.5%, p=0.004). FRα expression was significantly higher in metastatic tumors than in primary (170 [IQR, 140–205] vs. 125 [IQR, 110–150], p=0.0006). High FRα expression was significantly associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 6.73; 95% confidence interval, 2.21–20.53; p=0.001). Conclusion: In cervical cancer, FRα expression was elevated in metastatic tumors and high expression was associated with a worse prognosis. Our study supports the development of FRα-targeted therapy for advanced cervical cancer.
자동차용 파워 모듈 패키징의 은 소재를 이용한 접합 기술
노명훈,정재필,Roh, Myong-Hoon,Nishikawa, Hiroshi,Jung, Jae-Pil 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2015 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.22 No.4
Lead-free bonding has attracted significant attention for automotive power device packaging due to the upcoming environmental regulations. Silver (Ag) is one of the prime candidates for alternative of high Pb soldering owing to its superior electrical and thermal conductivity, low temperature sinterability, and high melting temperature after bonding. In this paper, the bonding technology by Ag paste was introduced. We classified into two Ag paste bonding according to applied pressure, and each bonding described in detail including recent studies.
( Shiro Nakamura ),( Hirotsugu Imaeda ),( Hiroki Nishikawa ),( Masaki Iimuro ),( Minoru Matsuura ),( Hideo Oka ),( Junsuke Oku ),( Takako Miyazaki ),( Hirohito Honda ),( Kenji Watanabe ),( Hiroshi Nak 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4
Background/Aims: Noninvasive objective monitoring is advantageous for optimizing treatment strategies in patients inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is superior to traditional biomarkers in terms of assessing the activity in patients with IBD. However, there are the differences among several FCP assays in the dynamics of FCP. In this prospective multicenter trial, we investigated the usefulness of FCP measurements in adult Japanese patients with IBD by reliable enzyme immunoassay using a monoclonal antibody. Methods: We assessed the relationship between FCP levels and disease or endoscopic activity in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC, n=64) or Crohn’s disease (CD, n=46) compared with healthy controls (HCs, n=64). Results: FCP levels in UC patients strongly correlated with the Disease Activity Index (r<sub>s</sub>=0.676, P<0.0001) and Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES; r<sub>s</sub>=0.677, P<0.0001). FCP levels were significantly higher even in patients with inactive UC or CD compared with HCs (P=0.0068, P<0.0001). The optimal cutoff value between MES 1 and 2 exhibited higher sensitivity (94.1%). FCP levels were significantly higher in active UC patients than in inactive patients (P<0.001), except those with proctitis. The Crohn’s Disease Activity Index tended to correlate with the FCP level (rs=0.283, P=0.0565). Conclusions: Our testing method using a monoclonal antibody for FCP was well-validated and differentiated IBD patients from HCs. FCP may be a useful biomarker for objective assessment of disease activity in adult Japanese IBD patients, especially those with UC. (Intest Res 2018;16:554-562)