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Current strategies for the control of COVID-19 in South Korea
Sun Jin Hur(Sun Jin Hur),Ji Hyeop Kang(Ji Hyeop Kang),Min Gi Cho(Min Gi Cho),Seung Yun Lee(Seung Yun Lee),Hea Jin Kang(Hea Jin Kang) 한국축산식품학회 2020 Food and Life Vol.2020 No.1
This study sheds light on the current strategies for control of coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) in South Korea in terms of the current status of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection, role of the government, infrastructures preparation, people's responses, etc. The South Korean government organized a response team in the early stages of the COVID-19 infection to quickly disclose information related to the infection and information regarding those in close contact with infected persons and to carry out a wide range of COVID-19 tests. The South Korean government established and operated a system for sending disaster text messages since 2003. If a virus infection occurs, this system can find all information of confirmed cases such as the infected area, age, gender, close contacts, and route of transmission through GPS tracking of cell phones, CCTV tracking, credit card usage details, and interviews to make it transparent to the people throughout the whole country. South Korea introduced the world's first “Drive Thru” and “Walking Thru” system to carry out rapid virus testing and hospitalize confirmed cases of COVID-19 at national designated hospitals where the negative pressure system is deployed. Nevertheless, South Korea did not implement a full-scale denied entry for all countries around the world and tried to block the transmission of virus by testing all suspected cases and people who were in close contact with them. In addition, the government managed the supply and sale of masks to allow the entire nation to purchase two masks every week, and most Koreans wore masks without panic and participated in the social distancing campaign.
Overview of the status of the development of antiviral drugs for COVID-19
Seung Yun Lee(Seung Yun Lee),Ji Hyeop Kang(Ji Hyeop Kang),Hea Jin Kang(Hea Jin Kang),Sun Jin Hur(Sun Jin Hur) 한국축산식품학회 2020 Food and Life Vol.2020 No.2
In this study, we surveyed worldwide media reports and research papers on the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs for COVID-19 treatment published over the past few months. We found that more studies were being conducted on the use of already approved drugs (remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine, niclosamide, and ivermectin) as new COVID-19 treatments, than on the development of new antiviral drugs. This could be due to the urgent need for drug development. We found that till date, there seem to be no results on current or future COVID-19 vaccine development. However, media reports showed that numerous companies have invested in vaccine development and some clinical trials are already underway (mostly in phase I–II). According to the results of our survey, the drugs that have been previously approved to treat other diseases have not yet been found to be very effective in treating COVID-19 patients; however, remdesivir is the most promising drug. Due to the pandemic situation, the number of patients participating in these clinical trials, compared to that in other previous clinical studies, is small. Therefore, due to the low reliability of the findings, additional experiments must be continued.
Study on the reduction of heterocyclic amines by marinated natural materials in pork belly
Hea Jin Kang,Seung Yun Lee,Da Young Lee,Ji Hyeop Kang,김재현,김현우,정재원,Dong Hoon Oh,허선진 한국축산학회 2022 한국축산학회지 Vol.64 No.6
This study was conducted to determine the effect of natural ingredient seasoning on the reduction of heterocyclic amine (HCA) production that may occur when pork belly is cooked at a very high temperature for a long time. Pork belly seasoned with natural ingredients, such as natural spices, blackcurrant, and gochujang, was cooked using the most common cooking methods, such as boiling, pan fry, and barbecue. HCAs in pork belly were extracted through solid-phase extraction and analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography. For shortterm toxicity, a mouse model was used to analyze weight, feed intake, organ weight, and length; hematology and serology analysis were also performed. Results revealed that HCAs formed only when heating was performed at a very high temperature for a long time, not under general cooking conditions. Although the toxicity levels were not dangerous, the method showing the relatively highest toxicity among various cooking methods was barbecue, and the natural material with the highest toxicity reduction effect was blackcurrant. Furthermore, seasoning pork belly with natural materials containing a large amount of antioxidants, such as vitamin C, can reduce the production of toxic substances, such as HCAs, even if pork belly is heated to high temperatures.
( Hea Yon Lee ),( Jin Jin Kim ),( Eun Sil Ko ),( Sei Won Kim ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Hyeon Hui Kang ),( Chan Kwon Park ),( Ki Ouk Min ),( Bae Young Lee ),( Hwa Sik Moon ),( Ji Young Kang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.69 No.4
We report the case of a 68-year-old man with a stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), which had metastasized to the lung. The patient complained of an enlarged mass in the anterior chest. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a sternal abscess with multiple nodules in both lungs. A thoracoscopic lung biopsy of the nodules and incision/drainage of the sternal mass were performed simultaneously. CT of the pelvis revealed an enlarged prostate with irregular cystic lesions in the pelvis. Prostate biopsy was done and demonstrated hypercellular stroma with minimal cytological atypia, a distinct pattern of STUMP. The sternal abscess proved to be tuberculosis and the lung lesion was consistent with STUMP, which had spread from the prostate. However, to our knowledge, the tuberculous abscess might not be assoicated with STUMP in the lung. The patient refused surgical prostatectomy and was discharged with anti-tuberculosis medication. On one-year follow up, the patient had no evidence of disease progression.
Genetic diversity and construction of core collection in Capsicum
Hea-Young Lee,Jin-Kyung Kwon,Hee-Jin Jeong,Na Young Ro,Byoung-Cheorl Kang 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
Capsicum diversity is getting lower in modern crops because of the genetic erosion. In Capsicum, breeders have been mainly focused on agriculturally important traits such as disease resistances, high yield and pungency. However, this narrow breeding pool hampered to develop improved cultivars. It has become a hot issue to conservation of genetic diversity and exploitation of wild germplasm in Capsicum. Analysis of genetic diversity and construction of core collection is the first step to make efficient use of germplasm. Although there have been several attempts to construct core collections in Capsicum, most of these works were limited due to handling small number of samples, relying mainly on the characterization of morphological traits or focusing only C. annuum species. To expand understanding of the structure and genetic diversity of germplasm in Capsicum, we need to have a highly efficient genotyping tool to handle large number of samples. Toward this end, we are analyzing 3,599 germplasm accessions including other cultivated species and wild species in Capsicum with 48 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers.
숙성 및 가열에 따른 돼지고기의 육색과 잔존 아질산이온의 변화
강혜진(Hea Jin Kang),이승연(Seung Yun Lee),진상근(Sang Keun Jin) 한국축산식품학회 2020 Food and Life Vol.2020 No.2
This study aimed to determine the changes in meat color (L*, a*, and b*), residual nitric acid ion, myoglobin (Mb), and met-myoglobin contents in pork loin aged and heated with the addition of sodium nitrite. The meat color was measured by using a chromameter, and visual sensory evaluation was used to determine for redness and brightness. When the pork loin was aged with sodium nitrite, the redness (a*), chroma (C*) and hue angle (ΔH) values were higher, and the lightness (L*), yellowness (b*), and whiteness (W*) values were lower than those of pork loin aged without sodium nitrite. The residual nitric acid ion, myoglobin, and met-myoglobin contents were increased by the sodium nitrite treatment. Although the meat color of the heated pork loin with sodium nitrite was similar to that of the aged pork loin with sodium nitrite, the residual nitric acid ion content decreased. These results indicate that the addition of sodium nitrite to pork loin, which undergoes color fading during aging, can improve consumer preference through meat stabilization effects and reduce residual nitric acid ion formation caused by moderate heating.
식육에서 Heterocyclic amines(HCAs)의 발생 기작의 연구
강혜진(Hea Jin Kang),이승연(Seung Yun Lee),이다영(Da Young Lee),허선진(Sun Jin Hur) 한국축산식품학회 2022 Food and Life Vol.2022 No.2
The purpose of this study is to investigate the main mechanisms, metabolism, carcinogenesis, and structure with classification of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in cooked meat. Currently, more than 25 types of HCAs have been separated, and it has been investigated that the type of food, cooking time, temperature, cooking method, or water-soluble precursor materials are the most influential causes of HCAs production. HCAs are compounds mainly produced when animal products are cooked, and the precursors include sugar, amino acid, creatine, and creatinine, which are components of muscle tissue. It has been investigated that imidazoquinolines and imidazoquinoxalines are formed by cooking and processing food, and HCAs are produced through Strecker degradation by Maillard reaction. To summarize the carcinogenicity of HCAs, DNA adducts are produced by activating N-acetyltransferase (NAT) enzymes by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) in the body, starting with the amino group of HCAs. This leads to cancer development because it changes to a DNA sequence that is genetically identical to the mutation p53 that fails to suppress tumor development.
Lee, Hea-Yon,Kim, Jin-Jin,Ko, Eun-Sil,Kim, Sei-Won,Lee, Sang-Haak,Kang, Hyeon-Hui,Park, Chan-Kwon,Min, Ki-Ouk,Lee, Bae-Young,Moon, Hwa-Sik,Kang, Ji-Young The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.69 No.4
We report the case of a 68-year-old man with a stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), which had metastasized to the lung. The patient complained of an enlarged mass in the anterior chest. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a sternal abscess with multiple nodules in both lungs. A thoracoscopic lung biopsy of the nodules and incision/drainage of the sternal mass were performed simultaneously. CT of the pelvis revealed an enlarged prostate with irregular cystic lesions in the pelvis. Prostate biopsy was done and demonstrated hypercellular stroma with minimal cytological atypia, a distinct pattern of STUMP. The sternal abscess proved to be tuberculosis and the lung lesion was consistent with STUMP, which had spread from the prostate. However, to our knowledge, the tuberculous abscess might not be assoicated with STUMP in the lung. The patient refused surgical prostatectomy and was discharged with anti-tuberculosis medication. On one-year follow up, the patient had no evidence of disease progression.