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Song, G.H.,Yoon, J.H.,Shin, K.S.,Kim, H.S.,Sun, C.,Huang, R.F.,Wen, L.S. 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-
The nucleation and nucleus shape of diamond films on silicon (100) has been investigated by varying the negative bias value applied to substrate during Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD). Results showed that the nucleation density increased, peaked and then decreased with increase of the applied bias value. it seemed that there was an optimum bias value. The nucleation of diamond film by HFCVD is a competitive process of deposition and etchings (sputtered) due to the particles impinging on the substrate. The magnitude of the energy, quantity of the particles and the ratio of carbon to hydrogen in reactive gas plasma controlled the competitive process and determined which process was primary. The deposition rate and the nucleation density gradually increased reaching to a maximum with the increment of the energy of the adatoms. With further increment of the energy of the adatoms, however, the deposition process was suppressed by strengthened particle impact on the substrate and the etching or sputtering became the primary process. Experimental results also showed the nucleus crystal shape of diamond films sequentially changed from cubic to dodecahedron, and then to irregular shape with the increment of the bias value. The change of the nucleus crystal shape of diamond films with substrate bias is thought to be related to the each process of the H+ ion with different kinetic energy, as well as the process of the diffusion and migration of the adatoms.
Surface energy and wettability control in bio-inspired PEG like thin films
Javid, A.,Kumar, M.,Wen, L.,Yoon, S.,Jin, S.B.,Lee, J.H.,Han, J.G. Elsevier Ltd 2016 Materials & Design Vol.92 No.-
<P>Tailoring of chemical functionalities in polymer films can induce interesting biocompatibility, however the sequential process of polymerization followed by functionalization imposes surface-interface complexities and inhomogeneity of functional groups across the thickness. Here, a single-step plasma process, enabling the simultaneous polymerization-functionalization, is demonstrated to control the surface energy and wettability of polyethylene glycol-like thin films. Chemical studies, carried out by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, confirm the evolution and enhancement in amide functionalities, owing to the increase in the electronic transitions related to nitrogen based ions/radicals (independently confirmed by optical emission spectroscopy). In present case, the evolution and control over amide functionalities lead to the enhancement in wettability and surface energy tailoring in 60.5-67.5 mJ/m(2) range. Excellent growth of L-929 fibroblast cells is obtained by the synergic contribution of plasma power and N-2 flow rate via enriching the amide functionalities in these films. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
An SEU-Tolerant DICE Latch Design With Feedback Transistors
Wang, H.-B,Li, Y.-Q,Chen, L.,Li, L.-X,Liu, R.,Baeg, S.,Mahatme, N.,Bhuva, B. L.,Wen, S.-J,Wong, R.,Fung, R. Professional Technical Group on Nuclear Science 2015 IEEE transactions on nuclear science Vol.62 No.2
<P>This paper presents an SEU-tolerant Dual Interlocked Storage Cell (DICE) latch design with both PMOS and NMOS transistors in the feedback paths. The feedback transistors improve the SEU tolerance by increasing the feedback loop delay during the hold mode. The latch design was implemented in a shift register fashion at a 130-nm bulk CMOS process node. Exposures to heavy-ions exhibited a significantly higher upset LET threshold and lower cross-section compared with the traditional DICE latch design. Performance penalties in terms of write delay, power, and area are non-significant compared to traditional DICE design.</P>
Growth Performance, Carcass Composition and Meat Quality of Jiulong-yak (Bos grunniens)
Zi, X.D.,Zhong, G.H.,Wen, Y.L.,Zhong, J.C.,Liu, C.L.,Ni, Y.A.,Yezi, Y.H.,Ashi, M.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.3
Estimated liveweights, carcass characteristics, the proximate composition and amino-acid composition of the whole rib cut of the 10th/12th thoracic vertebrae have been determined for Jiulong-yak. The animal grows rapidly up to puberty at 2-3 years of age. At those ages, females reached 143.0$\pm$34.7 kg and 184.0$\pm$30.8 kg (SD) respectively, which was 60 to 80% of their mature weight at 6 to 7 yr old, then the rate of growth significantly slowed down. Males continued to rapidly increase body weight until an older age possibly due to the selection procedures. Animals included 20 males aged from 2.5 to 6.5 yr, seven females aged of 4.5 yr and 11 steers aged of 4.5-5.5 yr were slaughtered for carcass determination and chemical analysis of meat samples. Dressing-out percentage and ribeye area ranged from 48.53-55.04% and 48.02-68.56 $cm^2$ respectively, both of which differed by age and sex. Yak meat is scarlet in color and intramuscular marbling is poor. The 10th/12th rib-cut contained 24.99-31.93% dry matter; 19.98-22.58% protein; 2.52-10.86% fat and 0.93-1.00% ash. Meat from females and steers contained a higher percentage of fat than those from bulls. The pH of M. Longissimus dorsi measured at 24 h post-mortem ranged from 5.84-6.11. Amino acid composition was similar to that for other red meat, except for a lower content of methionine (1.26 g/100 g meat). The results indicated that yak meat can make a valuable contribution to the diets for the highlanders.
R&D Status of High-current Accelerators at IFP
J. J. Deng,J. S. Shi,W. P. Xie,L. W. Zhang,K. Z. Zhang,S. P. Feng,J. Li,M. Wang,Y. He,L. S. Xia,Z. Y. Dai,H. T. Li,L. Wen,S. F. Chen,X. Li,Q. G. Lai,M. H. Xia,Y. C. Guan,S. Y. Song,L. Chen 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.61
High-current accelerators have many important applications in Z-pinches, high-power microwaves, and free electron lasers, imploding liners and radiography and so on. Research activities on Zpinches, imploding liners, radiography at the Institute of Fluid Physics (IFP) are introduced. Several main high-current accelerators developed and being developed at IFP are described, such as the Linear Induction Accelerator X-Ray Facility Upgrade (LIAXFU, 12 MeV, 2.5 kA, 90 ns), the Dragon-I linear induction accelerator (20 MeV, 2.5 kA, 60 ns), and the Primary Test Stand for Z-pinch (PTS, 10 MA, 120 ns). The design of Dragon-II linear induction accelerator (20 MeV, 2.5 kA, 3 × 60 ns) to be built will be presented briefly.
Neuregulin 1 regulates pyramidal neuron activity via ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive interneurons
Wen, L.,Lu, Y.-S.,Zhu, X.-H.,Li, X.-M.,Woo, R.-S.,Chen, Y.-J.,Yin, D.-M.,Lai, C.,Terry, A.V.,Vazdarjanova, A. National Academy of Sciences 2010 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.107 No.3
Liu Wen-Chung,Wu Chih-Wei,Fu Mu-Hui,Tain You-Lin,Liang Chih-Kuang,Chen I-Chun,Hung Chun-Ying,Lee Yu-Chi,Wu Kay L.H. 한국뇌신경과학회 2022 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.31 No.5
Inflammation alters the neural stem cell (NSC) lineage from neuronal to astrogliogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism is elusive. Autophagy contributes to the decline in adult hippocampal neurogenesis under E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. SRY-box transcription Factor 2 (SOX2) is critical for NSC self-renewal and proliferation. In this study, we investigated the role of SOX2 in induced autophagy and hippocampal adult neurogenesis under LPS stimulation. LPS (5 ng•100 g-1•hour-1 for 7 days) was intraperitoneally infused into male Sprague–Dawley rats (8 weeks old) to induce mild systemic inflammation. Beclin 1 and autophagy protein 12 (Atg12) were significantly upregulated concurrent with decreased numbers of Ki67- and doublecortin (DCX)-positive cells in the dentate gyrus. Synchronically, the levels of phospho(p)-mTOR, the p-mTOR/mTOR ratio, p-P85s6k, and the p-P85s6k/P85s6k ratio were suppressed. In contrast, SOX2 expression was increased. The fluorescence micrographs indicated that the colocalization of Beclin 1 and SOX2 was increased in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus. Moreover, increased S100β-positive astrocytes were colocalized with SOX2 in the SGZ. Intracerebroventricular infusion of 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) effectively prevented the increases in Beclin 1, Atg12, and SOX2. The SOX2+-Beclin 1+ and SOX2+-S100β+ cells were reduced. The levels of p-mTOR and p-P85s6k were enhanced. Most importantly, the number of DCX-positive cells was preserved. Altogether, these data suggest that LPS induced autophagy to inactivate the mTOR/P85s6k pathway, resulting in a decline in neural differentiation. SOX2 was upregulated to facilitate the NSC lineage, while the autophagy milieu could switch the SOX2-induced NSC lineage from neurogenesis to astrogliogenesis.
R. F. Swati,L. H. Wen,Hassan Elahi,A. A. Khan,S. Shad 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.1
Damage modelling along with crack behavior carbon fiber resin reinforced composites under tensile and three-point bending loading were simulated in this study for different variables and cases. Extensive experimentation was performed for carbon fiber composites by grouping them into different categories of layup, orientations and boundary conditions accordingly. The specimen dimensions and the loading conditions were evaluated in the mentioned categories for the transversal damage as a primary objective of the study. The composite models for single layer and multilayer were modelled in extended finite element method (XFEM) module in ABAQUS software, and interaction subroutines were included for the mentioned models and experimental behavior and response were studied. The damage progress was investigated and then the criteria of stress-strain as well as stress distributions/intensity factor in the fiber and matrix were the outputs. The purpose of the study was to validate the numerical and simulation outputs with experimental results for XFEM as a framework for the crack initiation, propagation along an arbitrary, mesh-independent, solution-dependent path, which is being widely used. The key parameters and critical aspects of convergence of the results, while carrying out damage and fracture analysis when using numerical simulation in comparison with the experimentation setup, required precise and accurate understanding towards modelling the above-mentioned cases. The study offers novel methodology and pre-development of framework for crack modelling from single to multi-crack for carbon fibers. The study started with the results from previous studies of both transversal cracks and delamination followed by the study of fracture in the material. Different specimens were studied and tested, and the results were in close convergence between experimental and numerical data for multiple cases.