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Chau, N.,The, N.D.,Hoa, N.Q.,Huu, C.X.,Tho, N.D.,Yu, S.-C. Elsevier 2007 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.449 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A large number of amorphous ribbons based on Finemet have been prepared by rapid quenching on a single copper wheel with linear speed of <I>v</I>=25–30m/s. The ribbons are 20–25μm thick and 6–8mm wide. All as-cast samples are amorphous. Two criteria producing the colossal magnetocaloric effect (CMCE) in magnetic materials working as magnetic refrigerants are high saturation magnetization and sharp ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition. The Fe-based amorphous ribbons fit these cretia. Thermomagnetic curves as well as isothermal magnetization curves around the Curie temperature of all the studied samples have been determined. The results show that the magnetic entropy change, |Δ<I>S</I><SUB>m</SUB>|, belongs to a class of materials with CMCE and the |Δ<I>S</I><SUB>m</SUB>|<SUB>max</SUB> values have been obtained at a moderately low magnetic field change of 1.35T, moreover |Δ<I>S</I><SUB>m</SUB>|<SUB>max</SUB> occurred at quite high temperature.</P>
Kim, S.H.,Chau, G.C.,Jang, Y.H.,Lee, S.I.,Pyo, S.,Um, S.H. W. B. Saunders Co ; Centrum Philadelphia 2013 Human pathology Vol.44 No.2
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has emerged as a key regulator of cell metabolism, growth, and proliferation. Despite the increasing significance of mTOR signaling in cancer cell cycle and proliferation, the clinical significance of activated mTOR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its role in esophageal cancer cell proliferation and invasion remain unclear. Here, we show that both high levels of phosphorylated-mTOR and an increased ratio of phosphorylated-mTOR/mTOR (ratio ≥0.2) were significantly associated with shortened disease-specific survival in 165 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in univariate analysis (P = .047 for phosphorylated-mTOR, P = .021 for phosphorylated-mTOR/mTOR); phosphorylated-mTOR and phosphorylated-mTOR/mTOR remained independent prognostic factors after adjusting for age, TNM stage, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.67, P = .025 for phosphorylated-mTOR; hazard ratio, 1.95, P = .006 for phosphorylated-mTOR/mTOR). Moreover, down-regulation of mTOR or mTOR complex components led to attenuation of proliferation, migration, and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines through suppression of cyclin D1 expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that phosphorylated-mTOR and the ratio of phosphorylated-mTOR/mTOR are closely linked to tumor progression and represent independent prognostic factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, thereby providing a potential therapeutic target for this malignancy.
Fuchs, Charles S.,Muro, Kei,Tomasek, Jiri,Van Cutsem, Eric,Cho, Jae Yong,Oh, Sang-Cheul,Safran, Howard,Bodoky, Gyorgy,Chau, Ian,Shimada, Yasuhiro,Al-Batran, Salah-Eddin,Passalacqua, Rodolfo,Ohtsu, Ats The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.2
Purpose: To identify baseline prognostic factors for survival in patients with disease progression, during or after chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. Materials and Methods: We pooled data from patients randomized between 2009 and 2012 in 2 phase III, global double-blind studies of ramucirumab for the treatment of advanced gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma following disease progression on first-line platinum- and/or fluoropyrimidine-containing therapy (REGARD and RAINBOW). Forty-one key baseline clinical and laboratory factors common in both studies were examined. Model building started with covariate screening using univariate Cox models (significance level=0.05). A stepwise multivariable Cox model identified the final prognostic factors (entry+exit significance level=0.01). Cox models were stratified by treatment and geographic region. The process was repeated to identify baseline prognostic quality of life (QoL) parameters. Results: Of 1,020 randomized patients, 953 (93%) patients without any missing covariates were included in the analysis. We identified 12 independent prognostic factors of poor survival: 1) peritoneal metastases; 2) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 1; 3) the presence of a primary tumor; 4) time to progression since prior therapy <6 months; 5) poor/unknown tumor differentiation; abnormally low blood levels of 6) albumin, 7) sodium, and/or 8) lymphocytes; and abnormally high blood levels of 9) neutrophils, 10) aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 11) alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and/or 12) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Factors were used to devise a 4-tier prognostic index (median overall survival [OS] by risk [months]: high=3.4, moderate=6.4, medium=9.9, and low=14.5; Harrell's C-index=0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64-0.68). Addition of QoL to the model identified patient-reported appetite loss as an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions: The identified prognostic factors and the reported prognostic index may help clinical decision-making, patient stratification, and planning of future clinical studies.
An fMRI Study Showing the Effect of Acupuncture in Chronic Stage Stroke Patients With Aphasia
Anson C.M. Chau,Xianyong Jiang,Paul K.M. Au-Yeung,Leonard S.W. Li,Raymond Tak Fai Cheung 사단법인약침학회 2010 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.3 No.1
Acupuncture is used as a treatment in stroke patients with aphasia, yet the underlying neural mechanisms are unknown. This study aims to examine the relationship between changes in language function and brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging in chronic stroke patients with aphasia who underwent an 8-week acupuncture protocol. Seven chronic stroke patients were identified from a stroke database of a regional acute hospital in Hong Kong between January and July 2007. Patients were treated three times a week over a period of 8 weeks. Four acupoints were stimulated on the weak side of the patient’s body. No other rehabilitation was given during the study period. Changes in language function were measured by aphasia quotient (AQ) of Cantonese Aphasia Battery (CAB). Functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level dependent signals were used to demonstrate the correlation between changes in AQ and brain activation after treatment. The patients were divided into well-recovered and poorlyrecovered groups based on their CAB scores at entry. The well-recovered group showed significant improvement in CAB scores after receiving acupuncture treatment. A significant correlation between changes in AQ and blood oxygen level dependent activation in the lesioned Wernicke’s speech area was found. These preliminary results suggest that acupuncture may be beneficial to language recovery in chronic stroke patients.
Long-term anti-cariogenic biofilm activity of glass ionomers related to fluoride release
Chau, N.P.T.,Pandit, S.,Jung, J.E.,Cai, J.N.,Yi, H.K.,Jeon, J.G. Elsevier 2016 Journal of dentistry Vol.47 No.-
<P>Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between anti-cariogenic biofilm activities of glass ionomers (G-Is) during the initial and second fluoride release phases and to define relationships between the anti-biofilm activities and fluoride release. Methods: Fluoride release of three commercially available G-Is in a buffer was evaluated for 770 h, and then 70-h-old Streptococcus mutans UA159 biofilms were formed on the G-Is that had been immersed in the buffer for 0, 100, 200, or 700 h. The dry weight, bacterial cell number, water-insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), and accumulated fluoride concentration of the 70-h-old biofilms and fluoride release and acid production rates during biofilm formation were determined. Relationships between the experimental variables and fluoride release rate were also evaluated using linear regression analysis. Results: In this study, fluoride release of the tested G-Is did not exhibit a biphasic pattern during biofilm formation. The release was sustained or did not rapidly decrease even over long immersion periods and was strongly correlated with an increase in accumulated fluoride concentration of the biofilms (R = 0.99, R-2 = 0.98) and reductions in dry weight, water-insoluble EPSs, and acid production rate of the biofilms (R = - 0.99 to - 0.96, R-2 = 0.92-0.98). Conclusions: This study suggests that G-Is can effectively affect acid production, EPS formation, and accumulation of cariogenic biofilms even during the second fluoride release phase, and that the anti-cariogenic biofilm activity is strongly correlated with fluoride release, which may be enhanced by acid production of cariogenic biofilms. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>