Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area

Gyeong-Mi Lee,Sunhwa Park,Ki-In Kim,Sang-Ho Jeon,Dahee Song,Deok-hyun Kim,Tae-Seung Kim,Seong-Taek Yun,Hyen Mi Chung,Hyun-Koo Kim 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5

We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as NO₃-N, HCO₃<SUP>-</SUP>, PO₄<SUP>-</SUP>, SO₄<SUP>2-</SUP>, Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, NH₄-N, K<SUP>+</SUP>, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was 23,973 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for cattle, 51,551 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for pig, and 52,100 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was 5.0 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 16.6 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for low livestock density, 6.9 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 17.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for medium livestock density and 7.6 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 22.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was 7.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for low livestock density, 9.4 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for medium livestock density, 10.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, Ca-(Cl+NO₃) group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.

Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area

Lee, Gyeong-Mi,Park, Sunhwa,Kim, Ki-In,Jeon, Sang-Ho,Song, Dahee,Kim, Deok-hyun,Kim, Tae-Seung,Yun, Seong-Taek,Chung, Hyen Mi,Kim, Hyun-Koo 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5

We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as $NO_3-N$, ${HCO_3}^-$, ${PO_4}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, $NH_4-N$, $K^+$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was $23,973g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for cattle, $51,551g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for pig, and $52,100g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was $5.0mg\;L^{-1}$, $16.6mg\;L^{-1}$ for low livestock density, $6.9mg\;L^{-1}$, $17.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for medium livestock density and $7.6mg\;L^{-1}$, $22.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was $7.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for low livestock density, $9.4mg\;L^{-1}$ for medium livestock density, $10.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, $Ca-(Cl+NO_3)$ group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.

하악골 절제술후 재이식된 돌결자가골 재이식 : 치험 3례

김 식,김수관,김운규,김수민,류종희,이준길,조경안,김수흥,정태영,여환호 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.2

We described three cases of immediate reimplantation of a frozen-thawed autogenous mandible composed of a mixture of iliac bone, marrow, and particulate hydroxyapatite in tumors of the mandible. Acceptable outcomes were obtained in three patients who underwent immediate autogenous mandibular graft reconstruction. The conditions leading to successful outcome of the procedure are also discussed. Reimplantation of frozen autogenous lesioned mandible was performed in three patients with mandibular tumors. Two reimplanted grafts survived without complications following surgery. One case had postoperative infection that resolved with appropriate antibiotic treatment. There were no recurrences of the primary lesions. Satisfactory facial contour after surgery was achieved. These results are most promising, and we believe that, with further refinement, this technique will offer a new and acceptable modality for facial reconstruction in patients with cancer.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Korean ginseng extract GS-KG9 in a D-galactosamine-induced liver damage animal model

Yun Ho Jo,Hwan Lee,Myeong Hwan Oh,Gyeong Hee Lee,You Jin Lee,Ji Sun Lee,Min Jung Kim,Won Yong Kim,Jin Seong Kim,Dae Seok Yoo,Sang Won Cho,Seon Woo Cha,Mi Kyung Pyo 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson"s trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.

HPLC-ICP/MS 와 ICP/MS를 이용한 FAPAS 07187 쌀의 총비소, 무기비소, 카드뮴 측정

노현명 ( Hyun Myung Noh ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ),( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim12 ),김경진 ( Gyeong Jin Kim ),박기문 ( Ki Moon Park ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyock Yoo ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ),이영자 ( Y 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-

Metal (loid)s such as environmental contaminants affect food safety. Metal (loid)s exist trace extremely in agriculture products. Therefore it is important to analyze accurately about trace these metals. High resolution techniques and quality controls are needed to analyze these materials. In order to achieve quality results, standardized methods and techniques are required. So ISO(International Organization for Standardization) of laboratory proficiency testing is determination of laboratory testing performance by means of inter-laboratory comparison. The values have been derived as a consensus of a number of laboratories using a variety of methods. Proficiency tests were applied to analyze the metal(loid)s [inorganic arsenic (As), total As and cadmium (Cd)] in powdered rice FAPAS 07187 (Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme; February-April 2013). The rice powder sample was extracted with 1% HNO3 for inorganic As for microwave-assisted extraction using water at 95℃ for 90 min and their analysis by HPLC/ICPMS. Also, HNO3 for total As and Cd using microwave-assisted extraction using at 200℃ for 50 mins and analysis by ICP/MS. Validation check was performed for accuracy using CRM (NMIJ CRM 7503-a) for inorganic As, and CRM (IRMM-Rice CRM) for total arsenic and cadmium. The result were satisfactory. FAPAS 07187 the z-scores of inorganic As, total As and Cd in powdered rice were-1.8,-0.9 and 0.2(lzl<2, respectively).

지표면위의 소음전파에서 음향간섭에 관한 연구

김동일,장호경,이준하,김예현 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

This study has been focused on the excess attenuation measured for acoustic interference of path length differences and ground effect. Results are obtained in the frequency range between 300Hz and 10000Hz. As the ground admittance and source height increase, the minimum of the excess attenuation curve shifts to lower frequencies. On the other hand, horizontal range increase the minimum of the excess attenuation curve shifts to higher frequencies. The theoretical results of excess attenuation have been compared to experimentally measured attenuations by interference and well in agreed with both horizontal ranges and source heights.

평판의 진동에 따른 음향방사MODE에 관한 연구

김예현,최현태,장호경 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究 Vol.11 No.-

In structure, Efficiency of structure itself and operation efficiency are reduced by the noise radiated from vibration. In this paper, The vibration of plate and its sound radiation are studied. The measured value of odd mode is not corresponded to the theoratical value because its nodal lines pass through the excitation point. But, the measured value of even mode is corresponded to theoratical value. When the plate was excited by frenquency with two modes, the very complexed sound-radiation-mode was observed due to the coupling effect of two modes.

Model Room 說定에 따른 殘響硏究

金禮顯,姜秉勇,張浩京 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

In this paper, the average absorption rate and the characteristics of reverberation which affect sound field environment in a room are studied. The results of the obtained reverberation time reveal 0.7∼0.9 sec in science building room 205, 0.6∼0.8 sec in science college auditorium, 0.65∼0.8 sec in music college auditorium and 0.55∼0.7 sec in human college auditorium. According to the above results it is found that these auditoriums and room were designed to meet the usage of the lecture rooms and conference rooms. Reverberation time has only slight difference regardless of the posittion of sound source or the position of observation.

음향 Intensity방법을 이용한 음원 재구성에 관한 연구

金禮顯,張浩京,李俊河,金廷洛 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1990 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

The amplitude and the location of sound sources are obtained by measuring the acoustic intensity using two closely spaced microphones. In this study, in order to identify the noise radiation characteristics, noise radiational pattern on the right hand side, the left hand side and the front part of the vaccum cleaner are investigated at 315Hz, 630Hz, 1600Hz, and 8000Hz resectively. As the results of experiment, the air induction pipe is verified the important noise radiation at 315Hz and 630Hz, and the air exhaust pipe at 1600Hz. Above all, the moter and the fan influenced at the high frequency of 8000Hz.

방음벽의 삽입손실에 대한 음향임피던스 영향의 연구

김동일,김예현,장호경 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1995 環境硏究 Vol.14 No.2

실외에서 실험으로 지면의 음향임피던스에 의한 방음벽의 소음감쇠 특성을 고찰하였다. 측정은 방음벽이 없을 때, 연속 및 불연속 음향임피던스를 가지는 지면에 대하여 315Hz ~ 3150Hz 사이의 1/3 옥타브밴드 주파수대역으로 실시하였다. 사용한 재료의 음향임피던스는 초지, 아스팔트 순으로 커지며 이는 다공성과 반비례 한다. 지면의 조건에 따라 각각 판형 방음벽을 설치하여 삽입손실을 조사하였다. 초과감쇠의 최소치를 나타내는 주파수 영역은 음향임피던스와 경로차에 의존하였다. 그리고 방음벽에 의한 삽입손실은 방음벽에 의한 회절과 지면의 음향임피던스에 의존하였다. The experiments on the noise reduction which is caused by barrier considering various ground impedance, have been made. Measurements were made in 1/3 octave band over the frequency range 315Hz~3150Hz above ground with continuous and discontinuous impedance without barriers. The ground impedances for grass and asphalt was increased, respectively. And, the ground impedance is inverse proportional to porosity. The barrier insertion loss was investigated on the various ground impedance with thin and perfectly reflecting barrier. The frequency ranges of minumum excess attenuation are strongly dependent on the ground impedance and the path-difference. The barriers insertion loss are found to be explicitly dependent on the ground impedance and the diffraction by barrier.