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Analysis the role of arabidopsis CKRC6/ASA1 in auxin and cytokinin biosynthesis
Dong-Wei Di,Lei Wu,Pan Luo,Li Zhang,Tian-Zi Zhang,Xue Sun,Shao-Dong Wei,Chen-Wei An,Guang-Qin Guo 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.2
The crosstalk between auxin and cytokinin (CK) is important for plant growth and development, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a mutant of Arabidopsis Cytokinin-induced Root Curling 6 (CKRC6), an allele of ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE ALPHA SUBUNIT 1 (ASA1) that encodes the á-subunit of AS in tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis. The ckrc6 mutant exhibits root gravitropic defects and insensitivity to both CK and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid (ACC) in primary root growth. These defects can be rescued by exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or tryptophan (Trp) supplementation. Furthermore, our results suggest that the ckrc6 mutant has decreased IAA content, differential expression patterns of auxin biosynthesis genes and CK biosynthesis isopentenyl transferase (IPT) genes in comparison to wild type. Collectively, our study shows that auxin controls CK biosynthesis based on that CK sensitivity is altered in most auxin-resistant mutants and that CKs promote auxin biosynthesis but inhibit auxin transport and response. Our results also suggest that CKRC6/ASA1 may be located at an intersection of auxin, CK and ethylene metabolism and/or signaling.
Xue-Dong Wang,Jie-Ni Zhang,Da-Wei Liu,Fei-fei Lei,Yan-Heng Zhou 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.4
In the present report, we describe the successful use of miniscrews to achieve vertical control in combination with the conventional sliding MBT<SUP>TM</SUP> straightwire technique for the treatment of a 26-year-old Chinese woman with a very high mandibular plane angle, deep overbite, retrognathic mandible with backward rotation, prognathic maxilla, and gummy smile. The patient exhibited skeletal Class II malocclusion. Orthodontic miniscrews were placed in the maxillary anterior and posterior segments to provide rigid anchorage and vertical control through intrusion of the incisors and molars. Intrusion and torque control of the maxillary incisors relieved the deep overbite and corrected the gummy smile, while intrusion of the maxillary molars aided in counterclockwise rotation of the mandibular plane, which consequently resulted in an improved facial profile. After 3.5 years of retention, we observed a stable, well-aligned dentition with ideal intercuspation and more harmonious facial contours. Thus, we were able to achieve a satisfactory occlusion, a significantly improved facial profile, and an attractive smile for this patient. The findings from this case suggest that nonsurgical correction using miniscrew anchorage is an effective approach for camouflage treatment of high-angle cases with skeletal Class II malocclusion.
( Xue Feng Jin ),( Hong Shan Yu ),( Dong Ming Wang ),( Ting Qiang Liu ),( Chun Ying Liu ),( Dong Shan An ),( Wan Taek Im ),( Song Gun Kim ),( Feng Xie Jin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3
In this paper, the kinetics of a cloned special glucosidase, named ginsenosidase type III hydrolyzing 3-O-glucoside of multi-protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides, were investigated. The gene (bgpA) encoding this enzyme was cloned from a Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans strain and then expressed in E. coli cells. Ginsenosidase type III was able to hydrolyze 3-O-glucoside of multi-PPD-type ginsenosides. For instance, it was able to hydrolyze the 3- O-β-D-(1→2)-glucopyranosyl of Rb1 to gypenoside XVII, and then to further hydrolyze the 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl of gypenoside XVII to gypenoside LXXV. Similarly, the enzyme could hydrolyze the glucopyranosyls linked to the 3-O- position of Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rb3, and Rg3. With a larger enzyme reaction Km value, there was a slower enzyme reaction speed; and the larger the enzyme reaction Vmax value, the faster the enzyme reaction speed was. The Km values from small to large were 3.85 mM for Rc, 4.08 mM for Rb1, 8.85 mM for Rb3, 9.09 mM for Rb2, 9.70 mM for Rg3(S), 11.4 mM for Rd and 12.9 mM for F2; and Vmax value from large to small was 23.2 mM/h for Rc, 16.6 mM/h for Rb1, 14.6 mM/h for Rb3, 14.3 mM/h for Rb2, 1.81mM/h for Rg3(S), 1.40 mM/h for Rd, and 0.41 mM/h for F2. According to the Vmax and Km values of the ginsenosidase type III, the hydrolysis speed of these substrates by the enzyme was Rc>Rb1>Rb3>Rb2>Rg3(S)>Rd>F2 in order.
Efficient production of glutathione using hydrolyzate of banana peel as novel substrate
Xue-Dong Chen,Gong-Yuan Wei,Jun-Li Zhang,Ying-Ying Dong 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.7
The hydrolyzate of banana peels containing abundant fermentable sugars as glucose, xylose, mannose,and arabinose was successfully used as a novel substrate for the efficient production of glutathione by Candida utilis SZU 07-01. Xylose was first selected as the sole carbon source for glutathione production, medium optimization for better cell growth and higher glutathione using response surface methodology consisting of PB design, the steepest ascent experiment and CCD was carried out, and the optimal combination of nutrients was obtained as follows: xylose 20 g/L, (NH_4)-2SO_4 9.59 g/L, KH_2PO_4 3 g/L, L-methionine 5.72 g/L and MgSO_4 0.20 g/L. The maximum dry cell weight and glutathione achieved using the optimized medium were 7.36 g/L and 154.32 mg/L, respectively. Following with the content in this medium, other sugars like glucose, mannose and arabinose were chosen as the sole carbon source and all tested available for glutathione production. Based on these results, the hydrolyzate of banana peels was selected as a novel substrate, and a high DCW of 7.68 g/L and glutathione yield of 111.33 mg/L were obtained with the initial sugar concentration of 20 g/L in the hydrolyzate of banana peels.
The Impacts of Financial Constraints on Firm Value for KONEX(Korea New Exchange) Listed Firms
강신애(Xue Dong Zhang),Shinae Kang 국제융합경영학회 2021 융합경영연구 Vol.9 No.4
Purpose: This paper empirically investigates what factors contribute to corporate value in KONEX market and tested whether financial constraints contribute any effec on it. Using sample firms through the fiscal period from 2013 to 2020 by applying a panel model, we find that firms’ R&D, volatility, size and sales growth give significant impact to firm value, but the significance and direction are different. But there is no significant relationship between the largest shareholder equity ratio (OWN) and the firms value in all models. Theres seems no difference between financially constrained and unconstrained companies in KONEX market. It can be inferred that KONEX companies have a bigger difference with KOSPI or KOSDAQ. And It seems that further analysis is needed on the differences between these markets.
Supervised-learning-based algorithm for color image compression
Liu, Xue-Dong,Wang, Meng-Yue,Sa, Ji-Ming Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 2020 ETRI Journal Vol.42 No.2
A correlation exists between luminance samples and chrominance samples of a color image. It is beneficial to exploit such interchannel redundancy for color image compression. We propose an algorithm that predicts chrominance components Cb and Cr from the luminance component Y. The prediction model is trained by supervised learning with Laplacian-regularized least squares to minimize the total prediction error. Kernel principal component analysis mapping, which reduces computational complexity, is implemented on the same point set at both the encoder and decoder to ensure that predictions are identical at both the ends without signaling extra location information. In addition, chrominance subsampling and entropy coding for model parameters are adopted to further reduce the bit rate. Finally, luminance information and model parameters are stored for image reconstruction. Experimental results show the performance superiority of the proposed algorithm over its predecessor and JPEG, and even over JPEG-XR. The compensation version with the chrominance difference of the proposed algorithm performs close to and even better than JPEG2000 in some cases.
Solitaire AB Stent-Assisted Coiling of Wide-Neck Micro Aneurysms
Li, Xue-dong,Qin, Jun,Xiao, Zhen-yong,Feng, Yi,Chen, Jia-kang The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2016 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.59 No.4
Objective : Solitaire AB stent-assisted coiling facilitates the endovascular treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms. We present our experience of coiling the micro-aneurysms of wide-neck with Solitaire AB stent assisting in a single center. Methods : Thirty-one Solitaire AB stents were used to treat via endovascular approach patients with 31 wide-neck micro aneurysms in a single center in China. Technical and clinical complications were recorded. Modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the patients' conditions via clinic and telephone follow-up. Results : The mean width of aneurysm sac was $2.30{\pm}0.42mm$, and the mean diameter of aneurysm neck was $2.83{\pm}.48mm$. Complete occlusion was achieved in 28 aneurysms (90.32%); neck remnant was seen in 3 aneurysms (9.68%). Technical and clinical complications related to the procedure were encountered in four patients (12.5%). Two patients died (6.25%). No patient had a permanent deficit. Conclusion : Solitaire AB stent was a safe and efficiency tool in assisting coiling of micro aneurysms with wide neck, but may be not suitable for a blaster-like one. Mid- and long-term follow-up will be required to elucidate the impact of the Solitaire AB stent on recanalization rate.